运动解剖学术语：外展、内收和环转（医学英语）

原标题：运动解剖学术语：外展、内收和环转（医学英语）

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Abduction and Adduction

Abduction and adduction motions take place within the coronal plane and refer to medial-lateral motions of the limbs, fingers, toes, or thumb. Abduction is motion of the limb laterally away from the midline of the body, while adduction is the motion that brings the limb toward the midline of the body or even across it. For instance, abduction is moving the arm at the shoulder joint laterally away from the body, while adduction brings the arm medially to the side of the body, even over the midline. In the same way, abduction and adduction at the wrist moves the hand away from or toward the midline of the body at anatomical position of palm.

Spreading of the fingers or toes apart is also called abduction, while bringing the fingers or toes together is called adduction. For the thumb, abduction is the anterior movement that brings the thumb to a 90° perpendicular position, pointing straight out from the palm. Adduction moves the thumb back to the anatomical position, next to the index finger. Abduction and adduction movements are seen at condyloid, saddle, and ball-and-socket joints.

Circumduction

Circumduction is the movement of a body region in a circular manner, in which one end of the body region being moved stays relatively stationary while the other end describes a circle. It involves the sequential combination of flexion, adduction, extension, and abduction at a joint. This type of motion is found at biaxial condyloid and saddle joints, and at multiaxial ball-and-sockets joints.

参考翻译：

外展内收

外展和内收运动是四肢、手指、指或拇指和脚趾发生在冠状面内向内或向外运动。外展运动是指肢体远离身体中线向外的运动，内收运动是指使肢体朝向身体中线甚至越过身体中线的运动。例如，外展是将肩关节处的臂部从身体向外移开，而内收则将臂部向内移到身体的侧面，甚至越过中线。同样，在手掌的解剖位置，手的外展和内收是使手远离或朝向身体中线。

手指或脚趾分开也被称为外展，而将手指或脚趾相互靠近并拢则被称为内收。对拇指来说，外展是指将拇指从手掌直接伸出向前移动到90 °的垂直位置，内收是指将拇指在解剖位置移回示指旁。外展和内收运动见于髁突、鞍和球窝关节。

环转

环转运动是身体区域以圆形方式的运动，其中被移动的身体区域的一端保持相对静止，而另一端画一个圆。环转运动是关节的屈曲、内收、伸展和外展的连续的组合。这种类型的运动见于双轴髁突和鞍关节，以及多轴球窝关节。

Abduction 外展

Adduction 内收

motion 运动

condyloid 髁的

saddle 鞍

ball-and-socket joints 球窝关节

circumduction 环转

circular 圆形的

stationary 静止的

sequential 连续的、顺序的、相续的返回搜狐，查看更多

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