解决那些千奇百怪的 Kernel panic

2024-07-05 03:20| 来源: 网络整理| 查看: 265

传言道：80%的 Kernel panic 是都是同一个报错：

剩下 5% 是 init 设置错了，其余的是剩余各式各样的

---[ end Kernel panic - not syncing: VFS: Unable to mount root fs on unknown-block ]---

所以开个帖子，记录下遇到的那些奇奇怪怪的 VFS Panic 和解决方法

错误列表 [EXFAT] trying to mount...并打印分区表：https://bbs.aw-ol.com/topic/1726/share/3打印分区表出现 No filesystem could mount root, tried: xxx ：https://bbs.aw-ol.com/topic/1726/share/4eMMC、TF卡、SDNAND启动卡在 Waiting for root device /dev/ubiblockxxx... 不动了：https://bbs.aw-ol.com/topic/1726/share/5SPI NAND、SPI NOR 启动卡在 Waiting for root device /dev/ubiblockxxx... 不动了：https://bbs.aw-ol.com/topic/1726/share/6rootfs格式设置都是正确的但是还是打印分区表然后 No filesystem could mount root, tried: xxx ：https://bbs.aw-ol.com/topic/1726/share/7报错 Filesystem uses "xz" compression. This is not supported：https://bbs.aw-ol.com/topic/1726/share/8 错误1

设备：全志T113 + eMMC，SDC2 错误描述：[EXFAT] trying to mount... 后 Panic，显示 MMC 分区表

LOG [ 2.345878] [EXFAT] trying to mount... [ 2.350344] VFS: Cannot open root device "mmcblk0p5" or unknown-block(179,5): error -5 [ 2.359283] Please append a correct "root=" boot option; here are the available partitions: [ 2.368687] b300 15392768 mmcblk0 [ 2.368690] driver: mmcblk [ 2.376362] b301 17219 mmcblk0p1 a0085546-4166-744a-a353-fca9272b8e45 [ 2.376366] [ 2.386443] b302 1024 mmcblk0p2 a0085546-4166-744a-a353-fca9272b8e46 [ 2.386446] [ 2.396519] b303 1024 mmcblk0p3 a0085546-4166-744a-a353-fca9272b8e47 [ 2.396521] [ 2.406588] b304 16384 mmcblk0p4 a0085546-4166-744a-a353-fca9272b8e48 [ 2.406590] [ 2.416657] b305 16384 mmcblk0p5 a0085546-4166-744a-a353-fca9272b8e49 [ 2.416659] [ 2.426726] b306 1024 mmcblk0p6 a0085546-4166-744a-a353-fca9272b8e4a [ 2.426728] [ 2.436797] b307 15302828 mmcblk0p7 a0085546-4166-744a-a353-fca9272b8e4b [ 2.436799] [ 2.446875] Kernel panic - not syncing: VFS: Unable to mount root fs on unknown-block(179,5) [ 2.456348] CPU0: stopping [ 2.459386] CPU: 0 PID: 0 Comm: swapper/0 Not tainted 5.4.61+ #3 [ 2.466119] Hardware name: Generic DT based system [ 2.471515] [] (unwind_backtrace) from [] (show_stack+0x10/0x14) [ 2.480206] [] (show_stack) from [] (dump_stack+0x88/0xa4) [ 2.488313] [] (dump_stack) from [] (handle_IPI+0xd4/0x180) [ 2.496518] [] (handle_IPI) from [] (gic_handle_irq+0x70/0x78) [ 2.505016] [] (gic_handle_irq) from [] (__irq_svc+0x6c/0xa8) [ 2.513408] Exception stack(0xc0b01f40 to 0xc0b01f88) [ 2.519077] 1f40: 000008d0 c7aba334 00000000 c01149c0 00000001 c0b00000 c0b03de4 c0b03e20 [ 2.528253] 1f60: 00000000 c7bff5c0 c0a240c0 00000000 00000001 c0b01f90 c01080a0 c01080a4 [ 2.537424] 1f80: 60000113 ffffffff [ 2.541342] [] (__irq_svc) from [] (arch_cpu_idle+0x2c/0x38) [ 2.549643] [] (arch_cpu_idle) from [] (do_idle+0xbc/0x128) [ 2.557845] [] (do_idle) from [] (cpu_startup_entry+0x18/0x20) [ 2.566344] [] (cpu_startup_entry) from [] (start_kernel+0x354/0x3e0) [ 2.575520] [] (start_kernel) from [] (0x0) [ 2.582170] ---[ end Kernel panic - not syncing: VFS: Unable to mount root fs on unknown-block(179,5) ]--- 解决

看到 [EXFAT] trying to mount... 不用慌，这只是一个障眼法，它真正的报错是 No filesystem could mount root, tried: xxx 也就是没有找到可以挂载的格式。

因为 EXFAT 的驱动很特别，他一般是之前设置的格式都没法挂载后才会尝试 EXFAT。所以实际上错误与下一个要介绍的错误是相同的。

建议关闭 exfat 看看真正的报错是什么

错误2

设备：全志T113 + eMMC，SDC2 错误描述：显示分区表后 Panic，提示没有可供挂载的格式

LOG [ 2.337965] List of all partitions: [ 2.341882] b300 15392768 mmcblk0 [ 2.341885] driver: mmcblk [ 2.349544] b301 17219 mmcblk0p1 a0085546-4166-744a-a353-fca9272b8e45 [ 2.349547] [ 2.359627] b302 1024 mmcblk0p2 a0085546-4166-744a-a353-fca9272b8e46 [ 2.359630] [ 2.369712] b303 1024 mmcblk0p3 a0085546-4166-744a-a353-fca9272b8e47 [ 2.369714] [ 2.379784] b304 16384 mmcblk0p4 a0085546-4166-744a-a353-fca9272b8e48 [ 2.379786] [ 2.389853] b305 42232 mmcblk0p5 a0085546-4166-744a-a353-fca9272b8e49 [ 2.389855] [ 2.399921] b306 1024 mmcblk0p6 a0085546-4166-744a-a353-fca9272b8e4a [ 2.399923] [ 2.409989] b307 15302828 mmcblk0p7 a0085546-4166-744a-a353-fca9272b8e4b [ 2.409992] [ 2.420057] No filesystem could mount root, tried: [ 2.429837] squashfs [ 2.434530] [ 2.438364] Kernel panic - not syncing: VFS: Unable to mount root fs on unknown-block(179,5) [ 2.447834] CPU0: stopping [ 2.450871] CPU: 0 PID: 0 Comm: swapper/0 Not tainted 5.4.61+ #4 [ 2.457595] Hardware name: Generic DT based system [ 2.462990] [] (unwind_backtrace) from [] (show_stack+0x10/0x14) [ 2.471682] [] (show_stack) from [] (dump_stack+0x88/0xa4) [ 2.479789] [] (dump_stack) from [] (handle_IPI+0xd4/0x180) [ 2.487994] [] (handle_IPI) from [] (gic_handle_irq+0x70/0x78) [ 2.496491] [] (gic_handle_irq) from [] (__irq_svc+0x6c/0xa8) [ 2.504883] Exception stack(0xc0b01f40 to 0xc0b01f88) [ 2.510552] 1f40: 00000a3c c7aba334 00000000 c01149c0 00000001 c0b00000 c0b03de4 c0b03e20 [ 2.519728] 1f60: 00000000 c7bff5c0 c0a240c0 00000000 c0b4b7e8 c0b01f90 c01080a0 c01080a4 [ 2.528900] 1f80: 60000113 ffffffff [ 2.532816] [] (__irq_svc) from [] (arch_cpu_idle+0x2c/0x38) [ 2.541118] [] (arch_cpu_idle) from [] (do_idle+0xbc/0x128) [ 2.549321] [] (do_idle) from [] (cpu_startup_entry+0x18/0x20) [ 2.557819] [] (cpu_startup_entry) from [] (start_kernel+0x354/0x3e0) [ 2.566996] [] (start_kernel) from [] (0x0) [ 2.573643] ---[ end Kernel panic - not syncing: VFS: Unable to mount root fs on unknown-block(179,5) ]--- 解决

检查下你的 rootfs 的格式，这里只支持 squashfs 看看你的 rootfs 是不是打包成 ext4 或者是其他什么格式的了。

错误3：

设备全志T113 + eMMC，SDC2 错误描述：卡在 Waiting for root device /dev/ubiblock0_5... 不动了

LOG [ 3.793291] Waiting for root device /dev/ubiblock0_5... [ 3.836994] random: crng init done [ 6.927839] [ 6.927839] insmod_device_driver [ 6.927839] 解决

看设备名：ubiblock0_5，ubixxxx 表示这是一个 SPI NAND 设备，如果是 SPI NOR 那一般是 mtdxxxx。再看看我们实际的启动设备，是eMMC，是一个MMC设备，应该是 mmcblkxxx 这样的才对检查下 bootargs 里的参数，看看 root= 后面是不是设置成 SPI FLASH 了

错误4：

设备全志T113 + SPI NAND，SPI 0 错误描述：卡在 Waiting for root device /dev/ubiblock0_5… 不动了

LOG [ 3.793291] Waiting for root device /dev/ubiblock0_5... [ 3.836994] random: crng init done [ 6.927839] [ 6.927839] insmod_device_driver [ 6.927839] 解决

看设备名：ubiblock0_5，ubixxxx 表示这是一个 SPI NAND 设备，如果是 SPI NOR 那一般是 mtdxxxx。再看看我们实际的启动设备，也是 SPI NAND，那这里就对上了。再看看咋们的设备树： [外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-dhffnaLK-1690770200946)(/assets/uploads/files/1657271058379-ea4b47ee-ca68-4560-a670-90d02764d003-image.png)] 好嘛，你把 SPI0 都 disable 了他咋启动啊，设置 okay 就好了

错误5

设备：全志T113 + eMMC，SDC2 错误描述：rootfs格式设置都是正确的，驱动也有，但是还是打印分区表然后提示没有可供挂载的格式

LOG [ 2.337965] List of all partitions: [ 2.341882] b300 15392768 mmcblk0 [ 2.341885] driver: mmcblk [ 2.349544] b301 17219 mmcblk0p1 a0085546-4166-744a-a353-fca9272b8e45 [ 2.349547] [ 2.359627] b302 1024 mmcblk0p2 a0085546-4166-744a-a353-fca9272b8e46 [ 2.359630] [ 2.369712] b303 1024 mmcblk0p3 a0085546-4166-744a-a353-fca9272b8e47 [ 2.369714] [ 2.379784] b304 16384 mmcblk0p4 a0085546-4166-744a-a353-fca9272b8e48 [ 2.379786] [ 2.389853] b305 16384 mmcblk0p5 a0085546-4166-744a-a353-fca9272b8e49 [ 2.389855] [ 2.399921] b306 1024 mmcblk0p6 a0085546-4166-744a-a353-fca9272b8e4a [ 2.399923] [ 2.409989] b307 15302828 mmcblk0p7 a0085546-4166-744a-a353-fca9272b8e4b [ 2.409992] [ 2.420057] No filesystem could mount root, tried: [ 2.420059] ext3 [ 2.425525] ext2 [ 2.427686] ext4 [ 2.429837] squashfs [ 2.431988] vfat [ 2.434530] [ 2.438364] Kernel panic - not syncing: VFS: Unable to mount root fs on unknown-block(179,5) [ 2.447834] CPU0: stopping [ 2.450871] CPU: 0 PID: 0 Comm: swapper/0 Not tainted 5.4.61+ #4 [ 2.457595] Hardware name: Generic DT based system [ 2.462990] [] (unwind_backtrace) from [] (show_stack+0x10/0x14) [ 2.471682] [] (show_stack) from [] (dump_stack+0x88/0xa4) [ 2.479789] [] (dump_stack) from [] (handle_IPI+0xd4/0x180) [ 2.487994] [] (handle_IPI) from [] (gic_handle_irq+0x70/0x78) [ 2.496491] [] (gic_handle_irq) from [] (__irq_svc+0x6c/0xa8) [ 2.504883] Exception stack(0xc0b01f40 to 0xc0b01f88) [ 2.510552] 1f40: 00000a3c c7aba334 00000000 c01149c0 00000001 c0b00000 c0b03de4 c0b03e20 [ 2.519728] 1f60: 00000000 c7bff5c0 c0a240c0 00000000 c0b4b7e8 c0b01f90 c01080a0 c01080a4 [ 2.528900] 1f80: 60000113 ffffffff [ 2.532816] [] (__irq_svc) from [] (arch_cpu_idle+0x2c/0x38) [ 2.541118] [] (arch_cpu_idle) from [] (do_idle+0xbc/0x128) [ 2.549321] [] (do_idle) from [] (cpu_startup_entry+0x18/0x20) [ 2.557819] [] (cpu_startup_entry) from [] (start_kernel+0x354/0x3e0) [ 2.566996] [] (start_kernel) from [] (0x0) [ 2.573643] ---[ end Kernel panic - not syncing: VFS: Unable to mount root fs on unknown-block(179,5) ]--- 解决

这一般是因为 rootfs 的数据错误，看一下是不是打包错了，把uboot打包进rootfs里了，或者是root=的分区搞错了，或者 rootfs 因为不正常关机损坏了

比如这里，mmcblk0p4 与 mmcblk0p5 容量一模一样的，肯定是打包错了

错误5

设备：T113 + TF 卡，SDC0 错误描述：rootfs格式设置都是正确的，驱动也有，报错 Filesystem uses "xz" compression. This is not supported

LOG [ 4.049960] Filesystem uses "xz" compression. This is not supported [ 4.058133] [EXFAT] trying to mount... [ 4.062717] VFS: Cannot open root device "mmcblk0p5" or unknown-block(179,5): error -5 [ 4.071559] Please append a correct "root=" boot option; here are the available partitions: [ 4.080869] b300 30253056 mmcblk0 [ 4.080872] driver: mmcblk [ 4.088504] b301 252 mmcblk0p1 a0085546-4166-744a-a353-fca9272b8e45 [ 4.088507] [ 4.098521] b302 252 mmcblk0p2 a0085546-4166-744a-a353-fca9272b8e46 [ 4.098524] [ 4.108544] b303 252 mmcblk0p3 a0085546-4166-744a-a353-fca9272b8e47 [ 4.108547] [ 4.118568] b304 8316 mmcblk0p4 a0085546-4166-744a-a353-fca9272b8e48 [ 4.118570] [ 4.128581] b305 30992 mmcblk0p5 a0085546-4166-744a-a353-fca9272b8e49 [ 4.128583] [ 4.138575] b306 30176111 mmcblk0p6 a0085546-4166-744a-a353-fca9272b8e4a [ 4.138577] [ 4.148600] Kernel panic - not syncing: VFS: Unable to mount root fs on unknown-block(179,5) [ 4.158014] CPU0: stopping [ 4.161030] CPU: 0 PID: 0 Comm: swapper/0 Not tainted 5.4.61+ #1 [ 4.167708] Hardware name: Generic DT based system [ 4.173059] [] (unwind_backtrace) from [] (show_stack+0x10/0x14) [ 4.181681] [] (show_stack) from [] (dump_stack+0x88/0xa4) [ 4.189727] [] (dump_stack) from [] (handle_IPI+0xd4/0x180) [ 4.197865] [] (handle_IPI) from [] (gic_handle_irq+0x70/0x78) [ 4.206291] [] (gic_handle_irq) from [] (__irq_svc+0x6c/0xa8) [ 4.214611] Exception stack(0xc0b01f40 to 0xc0b01f88) [ 4.220234] 1f40: 00000c60 c7abb334 00000000 c01149c0 00000001 c0b00000 c0b03de4 c0b03e20 [ 4.229331] 1f60: 00000000 c7bff5c0 c0a240c0 00000000 00000001 c0b01f90 c01080a0 c01080a4 [ 4.238429] 1f80: 60000113 ffffffff [ 4.242314] [] (__irq_svc) from [] (arch_cpu_idle+0x2c/0x38) [ 4.250551] [] (arch_cpu_idle) from [] (do_idle+0xbc/0x128) [ 4.258686] [] (do_idle) from [] (cpu_startup_entry+0x18/0x20) [ 4.267114] [] (cpu_startup_entry) from [] (start_kernel+0x354/0x3e0) [ 4.276219] [] (start_kernel) from [] (0x0) [ 4.282806] ---[ end Kernel panic - not syncing: VFS: Unable to mount root fs on unknown-block(179,5) ]--- 解决

Filesystem uses "xz" compression. This is not supported

SquashFS 不支持这个压缩格式

丢脸，看看你的 kernel menuconfig 里有没有打开 xz 压缩了，这不没开的嘛

在这里插入图片描述

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