高中英语单词轻松背-E字母　

eager　eager　 adj

热切的，渴望的

[考点] 重要句型

be eager to do sth. 渴望做……

- She was eager to buy the new dress.

她渴望买这件新衣服。

be eager for sth. 渴望……，想得到……

- He is eager for his parents to send him a new bicycle.

他盼望他的父母送他一辆新自行车。

- He was eager for success.

他渴望获得成功。

eager that从句

- She is eager that her daughter should arrive earlier.

她盼望她的女儿早点到。

eastern　eastern　 adj东方的，东部的

[特征]

- In the eastern part of China, summer temperatures are very different from winter temperatures.

在中国东部，夏天的温度和冬天的温度差异很大。

[备考必背]

①辨析east和eastern

eastern和east都有“东部的”的意思，在专有名词前一般用east；在普通名词前一般用eastern。

East China 华东　 east/eastern wind 东风

the eastern coastline of China 中国东部海岸线

②派生词：easterner　easterner　 n东方人

③联想记忆：与eastern构词和用法相同的还有下面这些词，请记住它们：

southern　southern　 adj南的，南方的　　　　　 southerner　 southerner　 n南国人，南方人

western　ern　 adj西的，西方的　　　　　　 westerner　 westerner　 n西方人

northern　northern　 adj北方的，北部的　　　　 northerner　 northerner　 n北国人，北方人

edge　edge　 n①边缘 ②刀口，刃

[特征]

- The edge of the plate is blue.

这盘子的边是蓝色的。

- The ax has a sharp edge.

这把斧头的刃口锋利。

[备考必背] 重要词组

on the edge of 在……的边上　　　 at the edge of 在……的边缘

- There is a cottage at the edge of the lake.

在湖边有一座小屋。

effect　effect　 n影响，作用，效果

[特征]

- The book will have a bad effect upon young people.

这本书会对青少年产生恶劣的影响。

[备考必背] 重要词组

have an effect on/upon ... 对……有影响　　 bring into effect 实行

come into effect 开始生效　 take effect 奏效

- The agreement comes into effect once signed.

协议一经签定立即生效。

- The medicine didn”t take effect yet.

药还没有见效。

encourage vt.

鼓励；支持

[特征]

- He encouraged me to try it again.

他鼓励我再试一次。

[备考必背]

①辨析encourage sb. to do sth.和encourage sb. in doing sth.

前者指“鼓励某人去做某事”，后者指“鼓励某人正在做某事”。比较下面的句子：

- He encouraged his brother to have a speech at the meeting.

他鼓励弟弟在会议上发言。

- He encouraged his brother in having a　- He encouraged his brother in having a　speech at the meeting他弟弟正在会议上发言，他很支持。

entire　entire　 adj全部的，整个的

[特征]

- The entire house was destroyed by fire.

整栋房子都被火毁坏了。

- I”m in entire agreement with you.

我完全同意你的意见。

[贴心叮咛]

英文中有好几个词都表示“全部的”，它们之间的差别非常细小，同学们要仔细领会。

[备考必背] 辨析entire，whole和complete

这三个词都有“全部的”的意思。entire和whole作“全部的”讲时，可以通用，但whole更常用，此外whole还可以表示“健全”，而entire则不能。complete意为“完全的”，表示所有的部分都完整无缺，往往用于一项程序的完结。

- I hope you will come back whole.

我希望你平安归来。

- Do you have a complete set of Shakespeare”s plays?

你有整套的莎士比亚戏剧集吗？

equal　equal　 adj相等的，平等的　　 v. 等于

[特征]

- Everyone should enjoy equal rights.

每个人都应当享有平等的权利。

- Two and five equals seven.

二加五等于七。

[贴心叮咛]

equal是个很重要也容易考的词，考点主要集中在它的词组上。

[备考必背]

①把某物分成均等的几份，只能用equal，不能用same。

（误）He divided the apple into four same parts.

（正）He divided the apple into four equal parts.

他把苹果分成四等份。

②重要词组

be equal to sth.等于，与……相等，胜任……

- One li is eaqul to half a kilometer.

一华里等于半公里。

- It is equal to me whether he comes or not.

他来不来对我都一样。

- He is equal to this task.

他能胜任这项任务。

be equal to doing sth. 能胜任……

- He is equal to doing this task.

他能胜任这项任务。

③派生词：equality　equality　 n同等，平等，相等

equality between the sexes 男女平等

- All three children have equality in our family.

三个小孩在我们家都是平等的。

equip　equip　 vt装备，配备

[特征]

- The soldiers were equipped with the latest weapons.

士兵们配备着嘴新式的武器。

- The traveler equipped himself for a long journey.

旅行者为长途旅行准备行装。

[备考必背]

①equip的宾语不能是用来装备的东西。

（误）He equipped two lights to his room.

（正）He equipped his room with two lights.

他给他的房间装了两盏灯。

②重要词组

equip sb./sth. with sth. 用某物装备某人/某物

equip for　equip for为……作准备

The seamen equipped a ship for a voyage.

水手们装备船只准备出航。

③辨析equip和furnish

equip指为某一目的而提供的装备；而furnish则指为了生活上的便利而配备所需要的东西。

- They are going to equip the workshop with new machines.

他们将用新机器装备这个车间。

- We furnished the room with new furniture.

我们在房间里布置了新家具。

④派生词：equipment　equipment　 n装备，设备

expense　expense　 n

费用，开销，花费

[特征]

- What are the expenses of these goods?

这些商品的费用是多少？

- A new car can be a great expense.

买一辆新汽车要花很多钱。

[备考必背] 重要词组

at one”s expense　s expense由某人付款

- We were all entertained at Tom”s expense.

我们全由汤姆请客。

at the expense of 以……为代价

He became a brilliant scholar, but only at the expense of his health.

他成为了一位卓越的学者，却牺牲了健康。

at any expense 不管花费多少钱

- He wanted to buy the book at any expense.

不管花多少钱他都想买这本书。

explain　explain　 v解释，说明

[特征]

- The boy was explaining to the teacher why he was late.

这个男孩正向老师解释他为什么迟到。

- Please explain to me where to begin and how to do it.

请向我说明从哪里开始以及怎样做。

[考点]

①explain后面不能接the reason，这一点经常考到。

（误）Can you explain the reason why you were late?

（正）Can you explain why you were late?

你能解释一下为什么迟到吗？

②表示“给某人解释……”，explain后不直接接某人，也不用for，而用介词to。

（误）The teacher explained us this problem.

（正）The teacher explained this problem to us.

老师给我们解释了这道难题。

[备考必背] 派生词

explanation　explanation　 n解释，说明

- The text still needs explanation.

课文还需要被解释。

explode　explode　 v（使）爆炸，（突然）爆发

[特征]

- It”s a custom to explode fireworks to celebrate the Spring Festival.

燃放爆竹庆祝春节是一种习俗。

- The bomb exploded near the tall building.

炸弹在这座高楼附近爆炸了。

[备考必背] 重要词组

explode with anger 勃然大怒　　　 explode with laughter 哄堂大笑

- The audience exploded with laughter.

观众哄堂大笑。

expose　expose　 v使暴露，使曝光，揭露

[特征]

- Don”t expose your skin to the flaming sun.

别把你的皮肤暴露在炎热的阳光下。

- This film has been exposed.

这片子已经曝光了。

[备考必背] 重要词组

expose ... to ... 把……暴露在……

- The company exposed the plan to the newspapers.

公司向几家报纸透露了这个计划。