噬菌体鸡尾酒

摘要

噬菌体疗法最近引起了极大的关注，以抵消抗生素耐药细菌的迅速出现。与单噬菌体疗法相比，噬菌体混合物通常用于治疗单个和/或多种细菌感染，因为细菌制剂不太可能因同时接触多种噬菌体而产生耐药性。与单个噬菌体相比，噬菌体混合物的溶菌作用可能会产生有效的杀灭作用。然而，多次使用噬菌体（复合混合物）可能会导致不良副作用，例如菌群失调、水平基因转移、噬菌体抗性、交叉抗性和/或更高的生产成本。因此，鸡尾酒配方，代表了限制鸡尾酒的复杂性和实现对目标宿主生物体的大量细菌负荷减少之间的折衷。尽管存在一些限制，单噬细胞疗法的应用已在文献中有详细记载。然而，基于噬菌体混合物的方法及其在控制病原体中的作用尚未得到很好的研究。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了噬菌体混合物配方的原理、它们的优化策略、主要的噬菌体混合物制剂，以及它们在灭活各种食源性细菌病原体方面的功效。

"点击查看英文标题和摘要"

ABSTRACT

Phage therapy has recently attracted a great deal of attention to counteract the rapid emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. In comparison to monophage therapy, phage cocktails are typically used to treat individual and/or multi-bacterial infections since the bacterial agents are unlikely to become resistant as a result of exposure to multiple phages simultaneously. The bacteriolytic effect of phage cocktails may produce efficient killing effect in comparison to individual phage. However, multiple use of phages (complex cocktails) may lead to undesirable side effects such as dysbiosis, horizontal gene transfer, phage resistance, cross resistance, and/or higher cost of production. Cocktail formulation, therefore, representa compromise between limiting the complexity of the cocktail and achieving substantial bacterial load reduction towards the targeted host organisms. Despite some constraints, the applications of monophage therapy have been well documented in the literature. However, phage cocktails-based approaches and their role for the control of pathogens have not been well investigated. In this review, we discuss the principle of phage cocktail formulations, their optimization strategies, major phage cocktail preparations, and their efficacy in inactivating various food borne bacterial pathogens.