对话联合国前副秘书长Erik Solheim：中国成为全球绿色发展的领先者

　　最近，联合国前副秘书长兼环境规划署执行主任埃里克·索尔海姆（Erik Solheim）到访中国，并开启了超过一周的密集行程和访问。在他的行程中，新浪财经ESG评级中心有幸与索尔海姆先生就ESG等话题进行了对话交流。

　　一直以来，索尔海姆先生关注全球可持续发展事业，并连续两年热情参与新浪财经·ESG全球领导者峰会，为中国ESG发展建言献策，贡献良多。

　　以下是本次对话的核心内容：

　　A：世界面临着三个重大的环境危机：气候变化、污染和自然破坏。它们之间密切相关。煤炭和化石燃料是气候变化和污染的主要原因。气候变化是许多生态系统的主要威胁，仅微小的海洋温度变化就可能摧毁珊瑚礁。更重要的是，解决方案大致相同。如果我们从化石燃料转向可再生能源或恢复生态系统，我们就可以帮助克服所有危机。

　　A：中国在十年内转变为绿色发展的绝对领先者。中国在每一个环境技术领域都遥遥领先于其他国家。去年，全球82%的太阳能电池板，和70%的电池都是中国制造的。全球70%的高速铁路行驶在中国轨道上，98%的电动公交车行驶在中国道路上。

　　中国还成为了自然保护的领导者，中国是迄今为止最大的植树国家。在四川成功保护大熊猫，在中国西部成功保护雪豹，使这些物种免于灭绝。在浙江清理河流，在内蒙古绿化沙漠，或者建立像深圳、杭州或苏州这样的生态城市，都使中国成为全球绿色努力的领先者。

　　A：绿水青山就是金山银山。重点不再只是增长，而是高质量增长和建立生态文明。这在其他方面已经带来了对应污染的胜利。

　　展望未来，最重要的是中国要坚定不移地走这条伟大的道路，这也将有助于进一步发展美丽中国。

　　A：政府需要制定方向，监管市场并制定规则。实现规模化的变革需要企业的绿色领导力。重要的是，企业和政府应该共同努力，找到适当的规定，帮助企业将绿色发展推向规模化。政府和企业之间的持续深入对话是当今的需求。环境必须成为一个公民运动，动员普通公民推动变革。

　　A：我对中国年轻人的呼吁是用印度伟大的圣雄甘地的话来说：“你需要成为你想在世界上看到的变化。”一个绿色、和平、人民友好的未来不会自己到来。中国年轻人有幸生活在中国历史上最有前途的时期，他们应该参与政治、商业、学术生活，并与朋友和家人一起为中国创造美好的绿色未来，激励全世界。

　　Q：You previously served as the Executive Director of the United Nations Environment Programme． What do you believe are the most pressing environmental challenges facing the world today？

　　A：The world is facing three big environment crises． Climate change， pollution and the destruction of nature． They are closely interlinked． Coal and fossil fuels are main causes of both climate change and pollution． Climate change is a main threat to many ecosystems， only slight changes in ocean temperature may wipe out coral reefs for example．． And even more importantly - the solutions are much the same． If we switch from fossiles to renewables or restore ecosystems like rainforests，  we help overcome alle the crises．

　　Q：Recently， you have visited many Chinese companies and institutions and participated in some projects． What are your feelings about this trip to China？ Is there anything that impresses you？ How do you evaluate China‘s current actions on environmental protection， climate change and other issues？

　　A：China has become an absolute frontrunner in green development within just one decade.China is far ahead of any other nation in every single environment technology． 82% of all solar panels， and 70% of electric batteries were made in China last year． 70% of all high speed rail is running on Chinese tracks and 98% of electric buses drive on Chinese roads．

　　China has also moved to leadership on nature protection． Its by far the biggest tree planting nastion． Successful conservation of giant pandas in Sichuan and snow leopards in western China has brought these species back from the brink． Cleaning of rivers in Zhejiang， greening of deserts in Inner Mongolia or establishing ecofriendly cities like Shenzhen， Hangzhou or Suhou has brought China to the forefront of global green efforts．

　　Q：In recent years， China has undergone a significant shift in its attitude towards ecological environment and has implementer several measures towards sustainable development． However， there is still room for improvement． In your opinion， what steps can be taken to further promote the practice and implementation of sustainable development in China？

　　A：Lucid waters and lush mountains are like silver and gold． Forcus is no longer just on growth， but on high quality growth and on establishing an ecological civilization． This has among other things led towards victory  in the war on pollution．

　　Looking ahead the most important is that China stays the course and dont deviate from this great adventure． This will also help further develop a beautiful China．

　　Q：What do you believe governments， businesses， and investors should do to work together to promote the development of ESG investments and sustainable development？ What specific measures do you believe should be taken to promote this collaboration？

　　A：Governments need to set the direction， regulate markets and set the rules． Bringing change to scale demands green leadership from business． Its important that business and governments everywhere work hand in hand to find the right regulations which help business take green developments to scale． A continued deep  dialogue between governments and business is the demand of the day． Environment must become a citizens movement， mobilizing ordinary citizens to push to change．

　　Q：You have many fans in China who affectionately refer to you as “索叔”． Could you please share a few words of wisdom with young people in China？ Also， if you have more photos from your trip to China， we would be happy to share them through the Sina Finance ESG Evaluation Center．

　　A：My call to young Chinese is with the words of this great Indian Mahatma Gandhi： «You need to be the change you want to see in the world．»． A green， peaceful， people friendly future will not come by itself． Young Chinese are lucky to live at the most promising time in Chinese history． They should engage in politics， business， academic life and with friends and family to create a wonderful green future for China and inspire the rest of the world．

　　（新浪财经ESG评级中心 李涛 马青）

　　新浪财经ESG评级中心简介

　　新浪财经ESG评级中心是业内首个中文ESG专业资讯和评级聚合平台，致力于宣传和推广可持续发展，责任投资，与ESG（环境、社会和公司治理）价值理念，传播ESG的企业实践行动和榜样力量，推动中国ESG事业的发展，促进中国ESG评估标准的建立和企业评级的提升。

　　依托ESG评级中心，新浪财经发布多只ESG创新指数，为关注企业ESG表现的投资者提供更多选择。同时，新浪财经成立中国ESG领导者组织论坛，携手中国ESG领导企业和合作伙伴，通过环境、社会和公司治理理念，推动建立适合中国时代特征的ESG评价标准体系，促进中国资产管理行业ESG投资发展。

责任编辑：马青