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打造你的贪吃蛇游戏：HTML、CSS与JavaScript的完美结合
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🌟 前言 欢迎来到我的技术小宇宙！🌌 这里不仅是我记录技术点滴的后花园，也是我分享学习心得和项目经验的乐园。📚 无论你是技术小白还是资深大牛，这里总有一些内容能触动你的好奇心。🔍 🤖 洛可可白：个人主页 🔥 个人专栏：✅前端技术 ✅后端技术 🏠 个人博客：洛可可白博客 🐱 代码获取：bestwishes0203 📷 封面壁纸：洛可可白wallpaper
在本教程中，我们将通过一个简单的贪吃蛇游戏来学习如何使用HTML、CSS和JavaScript创建一个有趣的网页游戏。我们将逐步解读代码，了解游戏的构建过程，并提供必要的注释来帮助理解每个部分的功能。 体验地址PC端体验地址： 洛可可白⚡️贪吃蛇 （暂时只支持键盘输入操作）
首先，我们需要创建一个HTML页面，它将包含游戏的所有元素，如游戏区域、分数和等级显示。 DOCTYPE html> 洛可可白⚡️贪吃蛇 /* ... 样式代码 ... */ // ... JavaScript 代码 ... 2. 设计游戏界面使用CSS来设计游戏的界面，包括游戏区域的样式、蛇和食物的外观。 /* ... 样式代码 ... */ .gamBox { /* ... 游戏盒子样式 ... */ width: 500px; height: 500px; border: 10px solid #393c1b; margin: 20px auto; background-color: #b6b327; border-radius: 20px; display: flex; flex-direction: column; justify-content: space-around; align-items: center; } .screen { /* ... 屏幕样式 ... */ width: 400px; height: 400px; border: 1px solid #000; position: relative; } /* ... 蛇的样式 ... */ .snake .snake-head { width: 20px; height: 20px; border: 1px solid #4d7d2b; background-color: #000; position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; } .snake span { font-size: 17px; position: absolute; left: -2.7px; top: -3px; } .snake-body > div { position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 20px; height: 20px; border: 1px solid #4d7d2b; background-color: #000; } /* ... 食物的样式 ... */ .food { width: 20px; height: 20px; font-size: 8px; text-align: left; position: absolute; top: 10px; left: 0; } .food span { font-size: 17px; position: absolute; left: -1.7px; top: -2px; } 3. 初始化游戏变量在JavaScript中，我们定义了一些变量来控制游戏的逻辑，如基础倍数、最大等级、食物位置、等级和分数。 const foundationNumber = 20; const maxGrade = 10; let foodSeat = { top. 20, left. 20 }; let register = { score. 0, grade. 1 }; 4. 食物位置的随机化创建一个函数来随机生成食物的位置，并在游戏开始时调用它。 const changeFoodSeat = () => { // ... 随机位置代码 ... foodSeat.top = randomNumber(0, 20) * foundationNumber; foodSeat.left = randomNumber(0, 20) * foundationNumber; document.querySelector(".food").style.cssText = "left:" + foodSeat.left + "px;top:" + foodSeat.top + "px"; }; 5. 更新等级和分数每当蛇吃到食物时，我们需要更新等级和分数，并在页面上显示。 const changeScore = () => { // ... 更新分数和等级代码 ... register.score++; if (register.grade // ... 蛇的移动逻辑 ... let previousTop = snakeSeat.top; let previousLeft = snakeSeat.left; //通过便利每个身体部分来进行移动 snakeLength.forEach((ele, index) => { let temporaryTop = ele.top; let temporaryLeft = ele.left; ele.top = previousTop; ele.left = previousLeft; previousTop = temporaryTop; previousLeft = temporaryLeft; document.querySelectorAll(".snake-body>div")[index].style.cssText = "left:" + ele.left + "px;top:" + ele.top + "px"; }; 7. 键盘事件处理监听键盘事件来控制蛇的移动方向。 document.addEventListener("keydown", (e) => { // ... 键盘事件处理代码 ... }); 8. 初始化游戏最后，我们初始化游戏，设置初始位置和分数，并开始游戏循环。 const init = () => { // ... 初始化游戏代码 ... document.querySelector(".snake-head").style.cssText = "left:" + 0 + "px;top:" + 0 + "px"; document.querySelector(".snake-body").innerHTML = ""; document.querySelector(".grade").innerText = register.grade; document.querySelector(".score").innerText = register.score; changeFoodSeat(); handleWatchEnter(); }; document.addEventListener("keydown", (e) => { if ( (e.code == "ArrowUp" && direction != "ArrowDown") || (e.code == "ArrowLeft" && direction != "ArrowRight") || (e.code == "ArrowRight" && direction != "ArrowLeft") || (e.code == "ArrowDown" && direction != "ArrowUp") ) { direction = e.code; } }; init(); 9. 全部代码 DOCTYPE html> 洛可可白⚡️贪吃蛇 * { margin: 0; padding: 0; box-sizing: border-box; } p { text-align: center; font-size: 23px; font-weight: 600; } .gamBox { width: 500px; height: 500px; border: 10px solid #393c1b; margin: 20px auto; background-color: #b6b327; border-radius: 20px; display: flex; flex-direction: column; justify-content: space-around; align-items: center; } /* //下方等级、得分盒子/ */ .integral { width: 398px; height: 25px; display: flex; justify-content: space-between; font-size: 16px; font-family: "Trebuchet MS", "Lucida Sans Unicode", "Lucida Grande", "Lucida Sans", Arial, sans-serif; font-weight: 700; } /* //屏幕样式 */ .screen { width: 400px; height: 400px; border: 1px solid #000; position: relative; } /* //蛇的样式 */ .snake .snake-head { width: 20px; height: 20px; border: 1px solid #4d7d2b; background-color: #000; position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; } .snake span { font-size: 17px; position: absolute; left: -2.7px; top: -3px; } .snake-body > div { position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 20px; height: 20px; border: 1px solid #4d7d2b; background-color: #000; } /* //食物的样式 */ .food { width: 20px; height: 20px; font-size: 8px; text-align: left; position: absolute; top: 10px; left: 0; } .food span { font-size: 17px; position: absolute; left: -1.7px; top: -2px; } 贪吃蛇 😁 🐷 等级（grade） 分数（score） /*** * 公用变量 * @foundationNumber 基础倍数：移动、食物随机位置量的倍数 * @maxGrade 最大的等级 */ const foundationNumber = 20; const maxGrade = 10; /*** * 食物相关 */ const randomNumber = (min, max) => { return Math.floor(Math.random() * (max - min)) + min; }; let foodSeat = { top: 20, left: 20, }; const changeFoodSeat = () => { foodSeat.top = randomNumber(0, 20) * foundationNumber; foodSeat.left = randomNumber(0, 20) * foundationNumber; document.querySelector(".food").style.cssText = "left:" + foodSeat.left + "px;top:" + foodSeat.top + "px"; }; /*** * 等级、分数相关 */ let register = { score: 0, grade: 1, }; const changeScore = () => { register.score++; if (register.grade top: 0, left: 0, }; const handleWatchEnter = (e) => { let previousTop = snakeSeat.top; let previousLeft = snakeSeat.left; //通过便利每个身体部分来进行移动 snakeLength.forEach((ele, index) => { let temporaryTop = ele.top; let temporaryLeft = ele.left; ele.top = previousTop; ele.left = previousLeft; previousTop = temporaryTop; previousLeft = temporaryLeft; document.querySelectorAll(".snake-body>div")[index].style.cssText = "left:" + ele.left + "px;top:" + ele.top + "px"; }); switch (direction) { case "ArrowUp": snakeSeat.top -= 20; break; case "ArrowLeft": snakeSeat.left -= 20; break; case "ArrowRight": snakeSeat.left += 20; break; case "ArrowDown": snakeSeat.top += 20; break; } if (snakeSeat.top == foodSeat.top && snakeSeat.left == foodSeat.left) { changeScore(); changeFoodSeat(); snakeLength.push({ top: previousTop, left: previousLeft, }); var div = document.createElement("div"); div.style.left = previousLeft + "px"; div.style.top = previousTop + "px"; div.class = "bodyItem"; document.querySelector(".snake-body").appendChild(div); } if ( snakeSeat.top 380 ) { alert("撞墙身亡"); snakeSeat.top = 0; snakeSeat.left = 0; direction = ""; snakeLength = []; init(); return; } let bodySeats = snakeLength.map((item) => JSON.stringify(item)); if ( bodySeats.indexOf( JSON.stringify({ top: snakeSeat.top, left: snakeSeat.left }) ) != -1 ) { alert("把自己撞死了"); snakeSeat.top = 0; snakeSeat.left = 0; snakeLength = []; direction = ""; init(); return; } document.querySelector(".snake-head").style.cssText = "left:" + snakeSeat.left + "px;top:" + snakeSeat.top + "px"; setTimeout(() => { handleWatchEnter(); }, 400 - (register.grade - 1) * 15); }; //函数节流 const throttle = (fn, wait) => { var timer = null; return function () { var _this = this; var args = arguments; if (!timer) { timer = setTimeout(function () { fn.apply(_this, args); timer = null; }, wait); } }; }; const init = () => { document.querySelector(".snake-head").style.cssText = "left:" + 0 + "px;top:" + 0 + "px"; document.querySelector(".snake-body").innerHTML = ""; document.querySelector(".grade").innerText = register.grade; document.querySelector(".score").innerText = register.score; changeFoodSeat(); handleWatchEnter(); }; document.addEventListener("keydown", (e) => { if ( (e.code == "ArrowUp" && direction != "ArrowDown") || (e.code == "ArrowLeft" && direction != "ArrowRight") || (e.code == "ArrowRight" && direction != "ArrowLeft") || (e.code == "ArrowDown" && direction != "ArrowUp") ) { direction = e.code; } }); init(); 结论通过本教程，我们学习了如何使用HTML、CSS和JavaScript创建一个简单的贪吃蛇游戏。这个过程不仅涉及到前端开发的基础知识，还包括了游戏逻辑的设计。现在，你可以根据自己的需求扩展和优化这个游戏，或者尝试创建其他类型的网页游戏。祝你编程愉快！ 感谢你的访问，期待与你在技术的道路上相遇！👋🌟🚀 |
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