2021年在vue中使用 Google Map

目前在vue中使用google map有以下两种方法：

该方法优点在于可配置项多，方便自定义，缺点是较复杂，且文档为英文，有一定学习难度。

在开始之前确保你已经在https://console.cloud.google.com/google/maps-apis/overview（谷歌地图API官网）创建账户、开通并启用以下API，最后获取到你的Google Map JavaScript API Key，并且有科学上网的办法

Directions API 为路径规划API，而Maps JavaScript API是基础地图展示所需的API

然后在 index.html 的 head 标签中引入

如果不在 head 标签中引入的话会出现创建地图时用到的方法未定义的问题，所以需要先使文件加载完成后再初始化地图

国内访问的话目前是没有办法的

YOUR_KEY 为你的API Key

在你的vue文件中，创建一个 id 为 gMap 的 div，并且指定宽度和高度，不然会无法显示。然后创建 initMap 方法来初始化地图实例，最后在 mounted 钩子函数中调用，不然容易出现 google undefined 的错误

图例（仅供参考）：

代码：

该方法优点在于使用方便，无需使用 js 创建地图的实例，缺点在于自定义范围小，如无法自定义 label 的样式

在开始前我们需要安装一下相关依赖：

然后到 main.js 文件中，添加如下配置：

YOUR_KEY 为你的API Key

接下来就可以在你的vue文件中正常使用了，注意不同于使用JavaScript创建地图实例，我们使用到了 vue2-google-maps 中自带的组件 以及

图例：

代码（无需使用 js 创建地图实例）：

* MarkerWithLabel allows you to define markers with associated labels. As you would expect, * if the marker is draggable, so too will be the label. In addition, a marker with a label * responds to all mouse events in the same manner as a regular marker. It also fires mouse * events and "property changed" events just as a regular marker would. Version 1.1 adds * support for the raiseOnDrag feature introduced in API V3.3. *

* If you drag a marker by its label, you can cancel the drag and return the marker to its * original position by pressing the Esc key. This doesn't work if you drag the marker * itself because this feature is not (yet) supported in the google.maps.Marker class. */ /*! * * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. * You may obtain a copy of the License at * * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 * * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and * limitations under the License. */ /*jslint browser:true */ /*global document,google */ /** * @param {Function} childCtor Child class. * @param {Function} parentCtor Parent class. */ function inherits(childCtor, parentCtor) { /** @constructor */ function tempCtor() {}; tempCtor.prototype = parentCtor.prototype; childCtor.superClass_ = parentCtor.prototype; childCtor.prototype = new tempCtor(); /** @override */ childCtor.prototype.constructor = childCtor; } /** * This constructor creates a label and associates it with a marker. * It is for the private use of the MarkerWithLabel class. * @constructor * @param {Marker} marker The marker with which the label is to be associated. * @param {string} crossURL The URL of the cross image =. * @param {string} handCursor The URL of the hand cursor. * @private */ function MarkerLabel_(marker, crossURL, handCursorURL) { this.marker_ = marker; this.handCursorURL_ = marker.handCursorURL; this.labelDiv_ = document.createElement("div"); this.labelDiv_.style.cssText = "position: absolute; overflow: hidden;"; // Set up the DIV for handling mouse events in the label. This DIV forms a transparent veil // in the "overlayMouseTarget" pane, a veil that covers just the label. This is done so that // events can be captured even if the label is in the shadow of a google.maps.InfoWindow. // Code is included here to ensure the veil is always exactly the same size as the label. this.eventDiv_ = document.createElement("div"); this.eventDiv_.style.cssText = this.labelDiv_.style.cssText; // This is needed for proper behavior on MSIE: this.eventDiv_.setAttribute("onselectstart", "return false;"); this.eventDiv_.setAttribute("ondragstart", "return false;"); // Get the DIV for the "X" to be displayed when the marker is raised. this.crossDiv_ = MarkerLabel_.getSharedCross(crossURL); } inherits(MarkerLabel_, google.maps.OverlayView); /** * Returns the DIV for the cross used when dragging a marker when the * raiseOnDrag parameter set to true. One cross is shared with all markers. * @param {string} crossURL The URL of the cross image =. * @private */ MarkerLabel_.getSharedCross = function (crossURL) { var div; if (typeof MarkerLabel_.getSharedCross.crossDiv === "undefined") { div = document.createElement("img"); div.style.cssText = "position: absolute; z-index: 1000002; display: none;"; // Hopefully Google never changes the standard "X" attributes: div.style.marginLeft = "-8px"; div.style.marginTop = "-9px"; div.src = crossURL; MarkerLabel_.getSharedCross.crossDiv = div; } return MarkerLabel_.getSharedCross.crossDiv; }; /** * Adds the DIV representing the label to the DOM. This method is called * automatically when the marker's setMap method is called. * @private */ MarkerLabel_.prototype.onAdd = function () { var me = this; var cMouseIsDown = false; var cDraggingLabel = false; var cSavedZIndex; var cLatOffset, cLngOffset; var cIgnoreClick; var cRaiseEnabled; var cStartPosition; var cStartCenter; // Constants: var cRaiseOffset = 20; var cDraggingCursor = "url(" + this.handCursorURL_ + ")"; // Stops all processing of an event. // var cAbortEvent = function (e) { if (e.preventDefault) { e.preventDefault(); } e.cancelBubble = true; if (e.stopPropagation) { e.stopPropagation(); } }; var cStopBounce = function () { me.marker_.setAnimation(null); }; this.getPanes().overlayImage.appendChild(this.labelDiv_); this.getPanes().overlayMouseTarget.appendChild(this.eventDiv_); // One cross is shared with all markers, so only add it once: if (typeof MarkerLabel_.getSharedCross.processed === "undefined") { this.getPanes().overlayImage.appendChild(this.crossDiv_); MarkerLabel_.getSharedCross.processed = true; } this.listeners_ = [ google.maps.event.addDomListener(this.eventDiv_, "mouseover", function (e) { if (me.marker_.getDraggable() || me.marker_.getClickable()) { this.style.cursor = "pointer"; google.maps.event.trigger(me.marker_, "mouseover", e); } }), google.maps.event.addDomListener(this.eventDiv_, "mouseout", function (e) { if ((me.marker_.getDraggable() || me.marker_.getClickable()) && !cDraggingLabel) { this.style.cursor = me.marker_.getCursor(); google.maps.event.trigger(me.marker_, "mouseout", e); } }), google.maps.event.addDomListener(this.eventDiv_, "mousedown", function (e) { cDraggingLabel = false; if (me.marker_.getDraggable()) { cMouseIsDown = true; this.style.cursor = cDraggingCursor; } if (me.marker_.getDraggable() || me.marker_.getClickable()) { google.maps.event.trigger(me.marker_, "mousedown", e); cAbortEvent(e); // Prevent map pan when starting a drag on a label } }), google.maps.event.addDomListener(document, "mouseup", function (mEvent) { var position; if (cMouseIsDown) { cMouseIsDown = false; me.eventDiv_.style.cursor = "pointer"; google.maps.event.trigger(me.marker_, "mouseup", mEvent); } if (cDraggingLabel) { if (cRaiseEnabled) { // Lower the marker & label position = me.getProjection().fromLatLngToDivPixel(me.marker_.getPosition()); position.y += cRaiseOffset; me.marker_.setPosition(me.getProjection().fromDivPixelToLatLng(position)); // This is not the same bouncing style as when the marker portion is dragged, // but it will have to do: try { // Will fail if running Google Maps API earlier than V3.3 me.marker_.setAnimation(google.maps.Animation.BOUNCE); setTimeout(cStopBounce, 1406); } catch (e) {} } me.crossDiv_.style.display = "none"; me.marker_.setZIndex(cSavedZIndex); cIgnoreClick = true; // Set flag to ignore the click event reported after a label drag cDraggingLabel = false; mEvent.latLng = me.marker_.getPosition(); google.maps.event.trigger(me.marker_, "dragend", mEvent); } }), google.maps.event.addListener(me.marker_.getMap(), "mousemove", function (mEvent) { var position; if (cMouseIsDown) { if (cDraggingLabel) { // Change the reported location from the mouse position to the marker position: mEvent.latLng = new google.maps.LatLng(mEvent.latLng.lat() - cLatOffset, mEvent.latLng.lng() - cLngOffset); position = me.getProjection().fromLatLngToDivPixel(mEvent.latLng); if (cRaiseEnabled) { me.crossDiv_.style.left = position.x + "px"; me.crossDiv_.style.top = position.y + "px"; me.crossDiv_.style.display = ""; position.y -= cRaiseOffset; } me.marker_.setPosition(me.getProjection().fromDivPixelToLatLng(position)); if (cRaiseEnabled) { // Don't raise the veil; this hack needed to make MSIE act properly me.eventDiv_.style.top = (position.y + cRaiseOffset) + "px"; } google.maps.event.trigger(me.marker_, "drag", mEvent); } else { // Calculate offsets from the click point to the marker position: cLatOffset = mEvent.latLng.lat() - me.marker_.getPosition().lat(); cLngOffset = mEvent.latLng.lng() - me.marker_.getPosition().lng(); cSavedZIndex = me.marker_.getZIndex(); cStartPosition = me.marker_.getPosition(); cStartCenter = me.marker_.getMap().getCenter(); cRaiseEnabled = me.marker_.get("raiseOnDrag"); cDraggingLabel = true; me.marker_.setZIndex(1000000); // Moves the marker & label to the foreground during a drag mEvent.latLng = me.marker_.getPosition(); google.maps.event.trigger(me.marker_, "dragstart", mEvent); } } }), google.maps.event.addDomListener(document, "keydown", function (e) { if (cDraggingLabel) { if (e.keyCode === 27) { // Esc key cRaiseEnabled = false; me.marker_.setPosition(cStartPosition); me.marker_.getMap().setCenter(cStartCenter); google.maps.event.trigger(document, "mouseup", e); } } }), google.maps.event.addDomListener(this.eventDiv_, "click", function (e) { if (me.marker_.getDraggable() || me.marker_.getClickable()) { if (cIgnoreClick) { // Ignore the click reported when a label drag ends cIgnoreClick = false; } else { google.maps.event.trigger(me.marker_, "click", e); cAbortEvent(e); // Prevent click from being passed on to map } } }), google.maps.event.addDomListener(this.eventDiv_, "dblclick", function (e) { if (me.marker_.getDraggable() || me.marker_.getClickable()) { google.maps.event.trigger(me.marker_, "dblclick", e); cAbortEvent(e); // Prevent map zoom when double-clicking on a label } }), google.maps.event.addListener(this.marker_, "dragstart", function (mEvent) { if (!cDraggingLabel) { cRaiseEnabled = this.get("raiseOnDrag"); } }), google.maps.event.addListener(this.marker_, "drag", function (mEvent) { if (!cDraggingLabel) { if (cRaiseEnabled) { me.setPosition(cRaiseOffset); // During a drag, the marker's z-index is temporarily set to 1000000 to // ensure it appears above all other markers. Also set the label's z-index // to 1000000 (plus or minus 1 depending on whether the label is supposed // to be above or below the marker). me.labelDiv_.style.zIndex = 1000000 + (this.get("labelInBackground") ? -1 : +1); } } }), google.maps.event.addListener(this.marker_, "dragend", function (mEvent) { if (!cDraggingLabel) { if (cRaiseEnabled) { me.setPosition(0); // Also restores z-index of label } } }), google.maps.event.addListener(this.marker_, "position_changed", function () { me.setPosition(); }), google.maps.event.addListener(this.marker_, "zindex_changed", function () { me.setZIndex(); }), google.maps.event.addListener(this.marker_, "visible_changed", function () { me.setVisible(); }), google.maps.event.addListener(this.marker_, "labelvisible_changed", function () { me.setVisible(); }), google.maps.event.addListener(this.marker_, "title_changed", function () { me.setTitle(); }), google.maps.event.addListener(this.marker_, "labelcontent_changed", function () { me.setContent(); }), google.maps.event.addListener(this.marker_, "labelanchor_changed", function () { me.setAnchor(); }), google.maps.event.addListener(this.marker_, "labelclass_changed", function () { me.setStyles(); }), google.maps.event.addListener(this.marker_, "labelstyle_changed", function () { me.setStyles(); }) ]; }; /** * Removes the DIV for the label from the DOM. It also removes all event handlers. * This method is called automatically when the marker's setMap(null) * method is called. * @private */ MarkerLabel_.prototype.onRemove = function () { var i; this.labelDiv_.parentNode.removeChild(this.labelDiv_); this.eventDiv_.parentNode.removeChild(this.eventDiv_); // Remove event listeners: for (i = 0; i this.setContent(); this.setTitle(); this.setStyles(); }; /** * Sets the content of the label. * The content can be plain text or an HTML DOM node. * @private */ MarkerLabel_.prototype.setContent = function () { var content = this.marker_.get("labelContent"); if (typeof content.nodeType === "undefined") { this.labelDiv_.innerHTML = content; this.eventDiv_.innerHTML = this.labelDiv_.innerHTML; } else { this.labelDiv_.innerHTML = ""; // Remove current content this.labelDiv_.appendChild(content); content = content.cloneNode(true); this.eventDiv_.appendChild(content); } }; /** * Sets the content of the tool tip for the label. It is * always set to be the same as for the marker itself. * @private */ MarkerLabel_.prototype.setTitle = function () { this.eventDiv_.title = this.marker_.getTitle() || ""; }; /** * Sets the style of the label by setting the style sheet and applying * other specific styles requested. * @private */ MarkerLabel_.prototype.setStyles = function () { var i, labelStyle; // Apply style values from the style sheet defined in the labelClass parameter: this.labelDiv_.className = this.marker_.get("labelClass"); this.eventDiv_.className = this.labelDiv_.className; // Clear existing inline style values: this.labelDiv_.style.cssText = ""; this.eventDiv_.style.cssText = ""; // Apply style values defined in the labelStyle parameter: labelStyle = this.marker_.get("labelStyle"); for (i in labelStyle) { if (labelStyle.hasOwnProperty(i)) { this.labelDiv_.style[i] = labelStyle[i]; this.eventDiv_.style[i] = labelStyle[i]; } } this.setMandatoryStyles(); }; /** * Sets the mandatory styles to the DIV representing the label as well as to the * associated event DIV. This includes setting the DIV position, z-index, and visibility. * @private */ MarkerLabel_.prototype.setMandatoryStyles = function () { this.labelDiv_.style.position = "absolute"; this.labelDiv_.style.overflow = "hidden"; // Make sure the opacity setting causes the desired effect on MSIE: if (typeof this.labelDiv_.style.opacity !== "undefined" && this.labelDiv_.style.opacity !== "") { this.labelDiv_.style.MsFilter = "\"progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.Alpha(opacity=" + (this.labelDiv_.style.opacity * 100) + ")\""; this.labelDiv_.style.filter = "alpha(opacity=" + (this.labelDiv_.style.opacity * 100) + ")"; } this.eventDiv_.style.position = this.labelDiv_.style.position; this.eventDiv_.style.overflow = this.labelDiv_.style.overflow; this.eventDiv_.style.opacity = 0.01; // Don't use 0; DIV won't be clickable on MSIE this.eventDiv_.style.MsFilter = "\"progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.Alpha(opacity=1)\""; this.eventDiv_.style.filter = "alpha(opacity=1)"; // For MSIE this.setAnchor(); this.setPosition(); // This also updates z-index, if necessary. this.setVisible(); }; /** * Sets the anchor point of the label. * @private */ MarkerLabel_.prototype.setAnchor = function () { var anchor = this.marker_.get("labelAnchor"); this.labelDiv_.style.marginLeft = -anchor.x + "px"; this.labelDiv_.style.marginTop = -anchor.y + "px"; this.eventDiv_.style.marginLeft = -anchor.x + "px"; this.eventDiv_.style.marginTop = -anchor.y + "px"; }; /** * Sets the position of the label. The z-index is also updated, if necessary. * @private */ MarkerLabel_.prototype.setPosition = function (yOffset) { var position = this.getProjection().fromLatLngToDivPixel(this.marker_.getPosition()); if (typeof yOffset === "undefined") { yOffset = 0; } this.labelDiv_.style.left = Math.round(position.x) + "px"; this.labelDiv_.style.top = Math.round(position.y - yOffset) + "px"; this.eventDiv_.style.left = this.labelDiv_.style.left; this.eventDiv_.style.top = this.labelDiv_.style.top; this.setZIndex(); }; /** * Sets the z-index of the label. If the marker's z-index property has not been defined, the z-index * of the label is set to the vertical coordinate of the label. This is in keeping with the default * stacking order for Google Maps: markers to the south are in front of markers to the north. * @private */ MarkerLabel_.prototype.setZIndex = function () { var zAdjust = (this.marker_.get("labelInBackground") ? -1 : +1); if (typeof this.marker_.getZIndex() === "undefined") { this.labelDiv_.style.zIndex = parseInt(this.labelDiv_.style.top, 10) + zAdjust; this.eventDiv_.style.zIndex = this.labelDiv_.style.zIndex; } else { this.labelDiv_.style.zIndex = this.marker_.getZIndex() + zAdjust; this.eventDiv_.style.zIndex = this.labelDiv_.style.zIndex; } }; /** * Sets the visibility of the label. The label is visible only if the marker itself is * visible (i.e., its visible property is true) and the labelVisible property is true. * @private */ MarkerLabel_.prototype.setVisible = function () { if (this.marker_.get("labelVisible")) { this.labelDiv_.style.display = this.marker_.getVisible() ? "block" : "none"; } else { this.labelDiv_.style.display = "none"; } this.eventDiv_.style.display = this.labelDiv_.style.display; }; /** * @name MarkerWithLabelOptions * @class This class represents the optional parameter passed to the {@link MarkerWithLabel} constructor. * The properties available are the same as for google.maps.Marker with the addition * of the properties listed below. To change any of these additional properties after the labeled * marker has been created, call google.maps.Marker.set(propertyName, propertyValue). *

* When any of these properties changes, a property changed event is fired. The names of these * events are derived from the name of the property and are of the form propertyname_changed. * For example, if the content of the label changes, a labelcontent_changed event * is fired. *

* @property {string|Node} [labelContent] The content of the label (plain text or an HTML DOM node). * @property {Point} [labelAnchor] By default, a label is drawn with its anchor point at (0,0) so * that its top left corner is positioned at the anchor point of the associated marker. Use this * property to change the anchor point of the label. For example, to center a 50px-wide label * beneath a marker, specify a labelAnchor of google.maps.Point(25, 0). * (Note: x-values increase to the right and y-values increase to the top.) * @property {string} [labelClass] The name of the CSS class defining the styles for the label. * Note that style values for position, overflow, top, * left, zIndex, display, marginLeft, and * marginTop are ignored; these styles are for internal use only. * @property {Object} [labelStyle] An object literal whose properties define specific CSS * style values to be applied to the label. Style values defined here override those that may * be defined in the labelClass style sheet. If this property is changed after the * label has been created, all previously set styles (except those defined in the style sheet) * are removed from the label before the new style values are applied. * Note that style values for position, overflow, top, * left, zIndex, display, marginLeft, and * marginTop are ignored; these styles are for internal use only. * @property {boolean} [labelInBackground] A flag indicating whether a label that overlaps its * associated marker should appear in the background (i.e., in a plane below the marker). * The default is false, which causes the label to appear in the foreground. * @property {boolean} [labelVisible] A flag indicating whether the label is to be visible. * The default is true. Note that even if labelVisible is * true, the label will not be visible unless the associated marker is also * visible (i.e., unless the marker's visible property is true). * @property {boolean} [raiseOnDrag] A flag indicating whether the label and marker are to be * raised when the marker is dragged. The default is true. If a draggable marker is * being created and a version of Google Maps API earlier than V3.3 is being used, this property * must be set to false. * @property {boolean} [optimized] A flag indicating whether rendering is to be optimized for the * marker. Important: The optimized rendering technique is not supported by MarkerWithLabel, * so the value of this parameter is always forced to false. * @property {string} [crossImage="http://maps.gstatic.com/intl/en_us/mapfiles/drag_cross_67_16.png"] * The URL of the cross image to be displayed while dragging a marker. * @property {string} [handCursor="http://maps.gstatic.com/intl/en_us/mapfiles/closedhand_8_8.cur"] * The URL of the cursor to be displayed while dragging a marker. */ /** * Creates a MarkerWithLabel with the options specified in {@link MarkerWithLabelOptions}. * @constructor * @param {MarkerWithLabelOptions} [opt_options] The optional parameters. */ function MarkerWithLabel(opt_options) { opt_options = opt_options || {}; opt_options.labelContent = opt_options.labelContent || ""; opt_options.labelAnchor = opt_options.labelAnchor || new google.maps.Point(0, 0); opt_options.labelClass = opt_options.labelClass || "markerLabels"; opt_options.labelStyle = opt_options.labelStyle || {}; opt_options.labelInBackground = opt_options.labelInBackground || false; if (typeof opt_options.labelVisible === "undefined") { opt_options.labelVisible = true; } if (typeof opt_options.raiseOnDrag === "undefined") { opt_options.raiseOnDrag = true; } if (typeof opt_options.clickable === "undefined") { opt_options.clickable = true; } if (typeof opt_options.draggable === "undefined") { opt_options.draggable = false; } if (typeof opt_options.optimized === "undefined") { opt_options.optimized = false; } opt_options.crossImage = opt_options.crossImage || "http" + (document.location.protocol === "https:" ? "s" : "") + "://maps.gstatic.com/intl/en_us/mapfiles/drag_cross_67_16.png"; opt_options.handCursor = opt_options.handCursor || "http" + (document.location.protocol === "https:" ? "s" : "") + "://maps.gstatic.com/intl/en_us/mapfiles/closedhand_8_8.cur"; opt_options.optimized = false; // Optimized rendering is not supported this.label = new MarkerLabel_(this, opt_options.crossImage, opt_options.handCursor); // Bind the label to the marker // Call the parent constructor. It calls Marker.setValues to initialize, so all // the new parameters are conveniently saved and can be accessed with get/set. // Marker.set triggers a property changed event (called "propertyname_changed") // that the marker label listens for in order to react to state changes. google.maps.Marker.apply(this, arguments); } inherits(MarkerWithLabel, google.maps.Marker); /** * Overrides the standard Marker setMap function. * @param {Map} theMap The map to which the marker is to be added. * @private */ MarkerWithLabel.prototype.setMap = function (theMap) { // Call the inherited function... google.maps.Marker.prototype.setMap.apply(this, arguments); // ... then deal with the label: this.label.setMap(theMap); }; google.maps.MarkerWithLabel = MarkerWithLabel; ues to initialize, so all // the new parameters are conveniently saved and can be accessed with get/set. // Marker.set triggers a property changed event (called "propertyname_changed") // that the marker label listens for in order to react to state changes. google.maps.Marker.apply(this, arguments); } inherits(MarkerWithLabel, google.maps.Marker); /** * Overrides the standard Marker setMap function. * @param {Map} theMap The map to which the marker is to be added. * @private */ MarkerWithLabel.prototype.setMap = function (theMap) { // Call the inherited function... google.maps.Marker.prototype.setMap.apply(this, arguments); // ... then deal with the label: this.label.setMap(theMap); }; google.maps.MarkerWithLabel = MarkerWithLabel;