| 调用 谷歌地图API 计算距离 | 您所在的位置：网站首页 › 谷歌地球测距离 › 调用 谷歌地图API 计算距离 |
调用 谷歌地图API 计算距离
|
调用 谷歌地图API 计算距离
1. 代码功能讲述2. 代码关键函数2.1 geocode()2.2 school_distance()2.3 calculate_distance()
3. 完整代码
1. 代码功能讲述
该代码首先导入必要的库：requests用于进行HTTP请求，BeautifulSoup用于解析HTML内容，pandas用于数据处理，tqdm用于显示进度条。谷歌地图API密钥被声明为google_map_api。这个密钥是进行地理编码和距离计算所必需的。 Distance matrix API 网址初始URL被定义为init_url，这是My School网站上学校搜索页面的URL。代码使用requests.get()方法向初始URL发出HTTP GET请求并检索页面的HTML内容。然后使用BeautifulSoup解析HTML内容并存储在soup对象中。代码通过定位具有类“pagination”的元素，然后找到其中所有的标签来找到分页的页面链接。通过从倒数第二个页面链接中提取文本来确定总页面数。基本URL设置为“https://www.myschool.edu.au/”，因为后续页面URL将相对于此基本URL。创建一个名为page_urls的列表来存储搜索结果中所有页面的URL。通过遍历页面链接，提取href属性并将其附加到基本URL来实现。最后一页链接被排除，因为它是“下一页”按钮的链接。代码使用for循环遍历页面URL。对于每个页面，它发送一个HTTP GET请求，解析HTML内容，并找到学校信息元素。在循环内，初始化一个进度条（tqdm）来跟踪处理进度。对于每个学校元素，代码提取学校名称、州信息和郊区。调用school_distance()函数来计算学校与UQ之间的距离。最后，打印每个学校的学校信息（名称、州、距离）。在处理每个学校后，更新进度条。
2. 代码关键函数
2.1 geocode()
geocode(address)接受一个地址作为输入，并使用Google Maps地理编码API检索地址的纬度和经度坐标。该函数构造API请求URL，使用requests.get()发送请求，并解析响应以提取坐标。 # 地理编码API请求函数 def geocode(address): url = "https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/geocode/json" params = { "address": address, "key": google_map_api # 替换为您的Google Maps API密钥 } response = requests.get(url, params=params) data = response.json() if data["status"] == "OK": location = data["results"][0]["geometry"]["location"] return location["lat"], location["lng"] else: return None
school_distance()函数接受学校名称、州和郊区作为输入。它使用geocode()函数检索学校和昆士兰大学（UQ）的坐标。然后，它使用calculate_distance()函数计算学校和UQ之间的距离。该函数处理地理编码和距离计算中的潜在错误，并以公里为单位返回距离。 def school_distance(school_name, school_state, school_suburb): # 学校名称、州和区信息 schools = [{"name": school_name, "state": school_state, "suburb": school_suburb},] uq_name = "The University of Queensland" # 获取昆士兰大学的经纬度 uq_address = f"{uq_name}, QSL, St Lucia" # 可能需要根据实际情况调整 uq_location = geocode(uq_address)#经纬度 if uq_location: uq_coordinates = f"{uq_location[0]}, {uq_location[1]}" for school in schools:# 使用学校名称、州和区信息搜索学校的地址 school_address = f"{school['name']}, {school['suburb']}, {school['state']}, AU" school_location = geocode(school_address)# 获取学校的经纬度 if school_location: school_coordinates = f"{school_location[0]},{school_location[1]}" # 计算学校和昆士兰大学之间的距离 distance = calculate_distance(school_coordinates, uq_coordinates) if distance: distance_km = distance / 1000 # 将距离从米转换为千米 print( f"The distance between {school['name']} and the University of Queensland is {distance_km} kilometers.") return distance_km else: print(f"Distance calculation failed for {school['name']}.") return 'Calculation failed' else: print(f"Geocoding failed for {school['name']}.") return 'Geocoding failed' else: print("Geocoding failed for the University of Queensland.") return 'Geocoding failed' 2.3 calculate_distance()calculate_distance(origin, destination)接受两组坐标（起点和目的地），并使用Google Maps距离矩阵API计算它们之间的距离。该函数构造API请求URL，发送请求，并解析响应以提取距离。 # 距离计算API请求函数 def calculate_distance(origin, destination): url = "https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/distancematrix/json" params = { "origins": origin, "destinations": destination, "key": google_map_api # 替换为您的Google Maps API密钥 } response = requests.get(url, params=params) data = response.json() if data["status"] == "OK": distance = data["rows"][0]["elements"][0]["distance"]["value"] return distance else: return None 3. 完整代码 import requests from bs4 import BeautifulSoup import pandas as pd from tqdm import tqdm google_map_api = '????'##自己获取 # 发起HTTP请求并获取网站的HTML内容 init_url = "https://www.myschool.edu.au/school-search?FormPosted=True&SchoolSearchQuery=&SchoolSector=C%2CI&SchoolType=S&State=Qld" response = requests.get(init_url) html_content = response.text # 解析HTML内容 soup = BeautifulSoup(html_content, "html.parser") # 查找页数链接 page_links = soup.find("div", class_="pagination").find_all("a") total_pages = int(page_links[-2].text.strip()) # 获取每个页面的网址 base_url = "https://www.myschool.edu.au/" # 基础网址 page_urls = [f"{base_url}{link['href']}" for link in page_links][:-1] # 地理编码API请求函数 def geocode(address): url = "https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/geocode/json" params = { "address": address, "key": google_map_api # 替换为您的Google Maps API密钥 } response = requests.get(url, params=params) data = response.json() if data["status"] == "OK": location = data["results"][0]["geometry"]["location"] return location["lat"], location["lng"] else: return None # 距离计算API请求函数 def calculate_distance(origin, destination): url = "https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/distancematrix/json" params = { "origins": origin, "destinations": destination, "key": google_map_api # 替换为您的Google Maps API密钥 } response = requests.get(url, params=params) data = response.json() if data["status"] == "OK": distance = data["rows"][0]["elements"][0]["distance"]["value"] return distance else: return None def school_distance(school_name, school_state, school_suburb): # 学校名称、州和区信息 schools = [{"name": school_name, "state": school_state, "suburb": school_suburb},] uq_name = "The University of Queensland" # 获取昆士兰大学的经纬度 uq_address = f"{uq_name}, QSL, St Lucia" # 可能需要根据实际情况调整 uq_location = geocode(uq_address)#经纬度 if uq_location: uq_coordinates = f"{uq_location[0]}, {uq_location[1]}" for school in schools:# 使用学校名称、州和区信息搜索学校的地址 school_address = f"{school['name']}, {school['suburb']}, {school['state']}, AU" school_location = geocode(school_address)# 获取学校的经纬度 if school_location: school_coordinates = f"{school_location[0]},{school_location[1]}" # 计算学校和昆士兰大学之间的距离 distance = calculate_distance(school_coordinates, uq_coordinates) if distance: distance_km = distance / 1000 # 将距离从米转换为千米 print( f"The distance between {school['name']} and the University of Queensland is {distance_km} kilometers.") return distance_km else: print(f"Distance calculation failed for {school['name']}.") return 'Calculation failed' else: print(f"Geocoding failed for {school['name']}.") return 'Geocoding failed' else: print("Geocoding failed for the University of Queensland.") return 'Geocoding failed' for id_, url in enumerate(page_urls): print(f"==============第 {id_} 页: {url}============") response = requests.get(url) html_content = response.text soup = BeautifulSoup(html_content, "html.parser") # 定位学校信息的HTML元素 school_elements = soup.find_all("div", class_="school-section") pbar = tqdm(total=len(school_elements), desc='处理进程') # 提取学校信息 for school_element in school_elements: pbar.update(1) # 提取学校名称 school_name = school_element.find("h2").text # 提取 state 信息 state_info = school_element.find_all("div", class_="col")[2].find_all("p") state_label = state_info[0].text state_value = state_info[1].text # 计算距离 _distance = school_distance(school_name, state_value.split(',')[1], state_value.split(',')[0]) # 打印学校信息（或进行其他处理） print("School Name:", school_name) print(state_label + ":", state_value) print("School Name:", school_name) print(f"The distance between {school_name} and the University of Queensland is {_distance} kilometers.") print("+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++\n") pbar.close() print('\n\n------------finish!!!------------') |
【本文地址】
公司简介
联系我们