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游戏项目基本很难避免不与服务器端通信交互传输数据，除非你只做单机版的游戏。一般的网络游戏在游戏刚启动的时候，需要做资源热更检查处理。这里一般使用http协议，如UnityWebRequest/WWW以及HttpWebRequest等已经封装好的接口来实现。而针对在网络游戏实时同步的战斗部分，则必须实现长链接，保证数据实时传输发送与接收。一般使用TCP传输协议或者“改善”的UDP协议来实现。这边使用TCP协议。详细的网络通信原理，该系列文章不做介绍，站在项目实用的角度，讲解如何一步一步地实现。 本篇文章主要介绍字节与基本类型数据转换的工具类ByteTool如何实现。主要对BitConverter 和 MemoryStream 封装。 using System.Collections; using System.Collections.Generic; using UnityEngine; using System; using System.IO; using System.Text; /* * Author:W * 字节读写工具 * 1.基本数据类型与字节数组的相互转换 * 2.以及从内存流中读写这些基本数据类型 */ namespace W.NetWork { public class ByteTool { /// /// 将字节数组写入到内存流 /// /// 内存流 /// 目标字节数组 /// 是否是小端编码 public static void WriteBytes(MemoryStream memoryStream,byte[] value, bool isLittleEndian = false) { //如果不是小端编码，则字节数组需要翻转 if (BitConverter.IsLittleEndian != isLittleEndian) Array.Reverse(value); memoryStream.Write(value,0,value.Length); } /// /// 将short数据转换为Byte数组，并写入内存流 /// /// /// /// public static void WriteShort(MemoryStream memoryStream,short value, bool isLittleEndian = false) { byte[] bytes = BitConverter.GetBytes(value); if (BitConverter.IsLittleEndian != isLittleEndian) Array.Reverse(bytes); memoryStream.Write(bytes,0,2); } /// /// 将ushort数据转换为byte数组，并写入内存流 /// /// /// /// public static void WriteUShort(MemoryStream memoryStream, ushort value, bool isLittleEndian = false) { byte[] bytes = BitConverter.GetBytes(value); if (BitConverter.IsLittleEndian != isLittleEndian) Array.Reverse(bytes); memoryStream.Write(bytes, 0, 2); } /// /// 将Int型数据转换为Byte数组，并写入内存流 /// /// /// /// public static void WriteInt(MemoryStream memoryStream, int value, bool isLittleEndian = false) { byte[] bytes = BitConverter.GetBytes(value); if (BitConverter.IsLittleEndian != isLittleEndian) Array.Reverse(bytes); memoryStream.Write(bytes, 0, 4); } /// /// 将uint型数据转化为byte数组，并写入内存流 /// /// /// /// public static void WriteUInt(MemoryStream memoryStream, uint value, bool isLittleEndian = false) { byte[] bytes = BitConverter.GetBytes(value); if (BitConverter.IsLittleEndian != isLittleEndian) Array.Reverse(bytes); memoryStream.Write(bytes, 0, 4); } /// /// 将Long型数据转换为Byte数组，并写入内存流 /// /// /// /// public static void WriteLong(MemoryStream memoryStream, long value, bool isLittleEndian = false) { byte[] bytes = BitConverter.GetBytes(value); if (BitConverter.IsLittleEndian != isLittleEndian) Array.Reverse(bytes); memoryStream.Write(bytes, 0, 8); } /// /// 将ulong型数据转换为Byte数组，并写入内存流 /// /// /// /// public static void WriteULong(MemoryStream memoryStream, ulong value, bool isLittleEndian = false) { byte[] bytes = BitConverter.GetBytes(value); if (BitConverter.IsLittleEndian != isLittleEndian) Array.Reverse(bytes); memoryStream.Write(bytes, 0, 8); } /// /// 将Float型数据转换Byte数组，并写入内存流 /// /// /// /// public static void WriteFloat(MemoryStream memoryStream, float value, bool isLittleEndian = false) { byte[] bytes = BitConverter.GetBytes(value); if (BitConverter.IsLittleEndian != isLittleEndian) Array.Reverse(bytes); memoryStream.Write(bytes, 0, 4); } /// /// 将Double型数据转换为Byte数组，并写入内存流 /// /// /// /// public static void WriteDouble(MemoryStream memoryStream, double value, bool isLittleEndian = false) { byte[] bytes = BitConverter.GetBytes(value); if (BitConverter.IsLittleEndian != isLittleEndian) Array.Reverse(bytes); memoryStream.Write(bytes, 0, 8); } /// /// 将string字符串数据转换为byte数组，并写入内存流 /// /// /// /// /// public static void WriteString(MemoryStream memoryStream, string value,string encodingName="utf-8", bool isLittleEndian = false) { Encoding encoding = Encoding.GetEncoding(encodingName); byte[] strBytes = encoding.GetBytes(value); WriteUShort(memoryStream,(ushort)strBytes.Length,isLittleEndian); memoryStream.Write(strBytes,0,strBytes.Length); } /// /// 从内存流中读取short型数据 /// /// /// /// public static short ReadShort(MemoryStream memoryStream, bool isLittleEndian = false) { CheckReadError(memoryStream,2); byte[] bytes = new byte[2]; memoryStream.Read(bytes,0,2); if (BitConverter.IsLittleEndian != isLittleEndian) Array.Reverse(bytes); return BitConverter.ToInt16(bytes,0); } /// /// 从内存流中读取ushort型数据 /// /// /// /// public static ushort ReadUShort(MemoryStream memoryStream, bool isLittleEndian = false) { CheckReadError(memoryStream, 2); byte[] bytes = new byte[2]; memoryStream.Read(bytes, 0, 2); if (BitConverter.IsLittleEndian != isLittleEndian) Array.Reverse(bytes); return BitConverter.ToUInt16(bytes, 0); } /// /// 从内存流中读取int型数据 /// /// /// /// public static int ReadInt(MemoryStream memoryStream, bool isLittleEndian = false) { CheckReadError(memoryStream, 4); byte[] bytes = new byte[4]; memoryStream.Read(bytes, 0, 4); if (BitConverter.IsLittleEndian != isLittleEndian) Array.Reverse(bytes); return BitConverter.ToInt32(bytes, 0); } /// /// 从内存流中读取uint型数据 /// /// /// /// public static uint ReadUInt(MemoryStream memoryStream, bool isLittleEndian = false) { CheckReadError(memoryStream, 4); byte[] bytes = new byte[4]; memoryStream.Read(bytes, 0, 4); if (BitConverter.IsLittleEndian != isLittleEndian) Array.Reverse(bytes); return BitConverter.ToUInt32(bytes, 0); } /// /// 从内存流中读取Long型数据 /// /// /// /// public static long ReadLong(MemoryStream memoryStream, bool isLittleEndian = false) { CheckReadError(memoryStream, 8); byte[] bytes = new byte[8]; memoryStream.Read(bytes, 0, 8); if (BitConverter.IsLittleEndian != isLittleEndian) Array.Reverse(bytes); return BitConverter.ToInt64(bytes, 0); } /// /// 从内存流中读取ulong型数据 /// /// /// /// public static ulong ReadULong(MemoryStream memoryStream, bool isLittleEndian = false) { CheckReadError(memoryStream, 8); byte[] bytes = new byte[8]; memoryStream.Read(bytes, 0, 8); if (BitConverter.IsLittleEndian != isLittleEndian) Array.Reverse(bytes); return BitConverter.ToUInt64(bytes, 0); } /// /// 从内存中读取Float型数据 /// /// /// /// public static float ReadFloat(MemoryStream memoryStream, bool isLittleEndian = false) { CheckReadError(memoryStream, 4); byte[] bytes = new byte[4]; memoryStream.Read(bytes, 0, 4); if (BitConverter.IsLittleEndian != isLittleEndian) Array.Reverse(bytes); return BitConverter.ToSingle(bytes, 0); } /// /// 从内存流中读取double型数据 /// /// /// /// public static double ReadDouble(MemoryStream memoryStream, bool isLittleEndian = false) { CheckReadError(memoryStream, 8); byte[] bytes = new byte[8]; memoryStream.Read(bytes, 0, 8); if (BitConverter.IsLittleEndian != isLittleEndian) Array.Reverse(bytes); return BitConverter.ToDouble(bytes, 0); } /// /// 从内存流中读取特定编码的字符串 /// /// /// /// /// public static string ReadString(MemoryStream memoryStream, string encodingName = "utf-8", bool isLittleEndian = false) { ushort length = ReadUShort(memoryStream,isLittleEndian); return ReadString(memoryStream,length,encodingName); } /// /// 从内存流中读取特定长度特定编码的字符串 /// /// /// /// /// public static string ReadString(MemoryStream memoryStream, ushort length, string encodingName = "utf-8") { CheckReadError(memoryStream, length); Encoding encoding = Encoding.GetEncoding(encodingName); byte[] strBytes = new byte[length]; memoryStream.Read(strBytes, 0, length); string str = encoding.GetString(strBytes); return str; } /// /// 读取数据检查 /// /// /// public static void CheckReadError(MemoryStream memoryStream,int readSize) { if (memoryStream.Position + readSize > memoryStream.Length) { Debug.LogError("读取的内存流的大小超出了流本身的大小"); } } } }
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