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东汉时期英语,中国历史朝代简介(英文版)

2023-03-24 14:50| 来源: 网络整理| 查看: 265

本文目录索引 1,中国历史朝代简介(英文版) 2,中国历史朝代英文名? 3,中国历史朝代介绍 4,请问:汉朝人说什么语言 也是普通话吗 5,中国第一个会说英语的人是谁,英语从什么朝代进入中国 6,中国的“四大发明”用英语怎么说? 1,中国历史朝代简介(英文版)

一、秦朝 1、Qin Dynasty The Qin Dynasty (221-207 BC) was the first unified dynasty in the history of China developed by the Qin State in the Warring States Period. The ancestors of the Qin Dynasty were descendants of Huangdi's Sun Juan-xuan, and Shun gave him his surname. In the time of Emperor Qin Mugong, Ren Xian was an envoy. he was modest in admonishing, he destroyed the country twelve times, opened the ground thousands of miles, and his national strength was growing. In the first 361 years,. the Emperor Xiaogong of Qin succeeded to the throne and made use of Shang Yang's two reforms, which made the economy of the Qin State develop. and the army's fighting capacity continue to strengthen and become the richest and strongest vassal state in the later Warring States Period. The Qin government successively destroyed Korea, Zhao, Wei, Chu, Yan and Qi, and accomplished the great cause of reunification. In 221 years ago. the government of Qin Kingdom was called emperor, and the history of Qin Shihuang was called emperor. The Qin Dynasty set up three princes and Nine Emperors in the central government to manage state affairs; abolished the feudal system at the local level. replaced by the county system; and implemented the system of books and articles, cars and rails, and unified weights and measures. To attack the Huns in the north and Hundreds of Vietnamese in the south, to build the Great Wall to resist foreign enemies, and to dig Lingqu to open up the water system. The establishment of centralized power system has laid the basic pattern of China's political system for more than 2000 years and laid the foundation for the rule of the Great Unity Dynasty in China. Therefore, it is called "the Qin Dynasty and the Qin Dynasty are the capital of the hundred dynasties". The Qin Dynasty ended the five hundred years since the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, and became the first centralized state with multi-ethnic integration in Chinese history. It has exerted a far-reaching influence on Chinese history. In the first 210 years, Qin Shihuang died of illness in the sand dunes during his cruise (now northwest of Guangzong County, Hebei Province). His son Hu Hai ascended the throne and was the second Qin Dynasty. Although the Qin Dynasty had great influence in history, it abused the people's power and unified only for more than ten years. In the first 209 years, Chen Sheng and Wu Guang chopped wood as soldiers and rose to the top. The world responded. Liu Bang and Xiang Yu jointly fought against the Qin Dynasty in the Yangtze and Huaihe rivers. In the first 207 years, Qin died. 2、中文翻译 秦朝(前221—前207)是由战国时期的秦国发展起来的中国历史上第一个大一统王朝,秦人的祖先大费是黄帝之孙颛顼的后裔,舜赐其嬴姓。 秦穆公时,任贤使能,虚心纳谏,灭国十二,开地千里,国力日盛。前361年,秦孝公继位,重用商鞅两次变法,使秦国的经济得到发展,军队战斗力不断加强,发展成为战国后期最富强的诸侯国。 秦王政先后灭韩、赵、魏、楚、燕、齐,完成统一大业。前221年,秦王政称帝,史称“秦始皇”。 秦朝在中央设三公九卿,管理国家大事;地方上废除分封制,代以郡县制;实行书同文、车同轨、统一度量衡。对外北击匈奴,南征百越,筑长城以拒外敌,凿灵渠以通水系。 中央集权制度的建立,奠定中国2000余年政治制度基本格局,奠定中国大一统王朝的统治基础,故称“百代都行秦政法” 。 秦朝结束了自春秋战国以来五百年来诸侯分裂割据的局面,成为中国历史上第一个多民族共融的中央集权制国家。 对中国历史产生了深远影响。前210年,秦始皇巡游途中病死于沙丘(今河北省广宗县西北)。其子胡亥即位,为秦二世。 秦王朝虽在历史上拥有巨大影响,但滥用民力,统一仅十余年。前209年,陈胜、吴广斩木为兵,揭竿而起,天下响应,刘邦、项羽起兵江淮共抗秦。前207年,秦亡。 二、汉朝 1、Han Dynasty The Han Dynasty (202-8 years ago, 25-220 years ago) was a unified dynasty after the Qin Dynasty. It was mainly divided into the Western Han Dynasty and the Eastern Han Dynasty. After overthrowing the Qin Dynasty, Liu Bang was crowned King of the Han Dynasty. In 202 B.C., after the victory of the Chu-Han struggle, the emperor established the Han Dynasty. historically known as the Western Han Dynasty, and Dingdu Chang'an. Emperor Wendi of Han Dynasty and Emperor Jingdi of Han Dynasty carried out the national policy of recuperation. health and rest to create the rule of Wen Jing; Emperor Wudi of Han Dynasty opened up silk road and exploited land to achieve the "prosperity of Han Wu" after taking office. and the national strength reached its peak in the period of Emperor Xuandi of HanDynasty. In 8 AD, Wang Mang abolished the late emperor of the Western Han Dynasty, and Dingdu Chang'an was known as the New Dynasty. The Western Han Dynasty perished. In 25 AD, after Liu Xiu unified the world, he still used the Han Dynasty as the national name and was historically called the Eastern Han Dynasty. Luoyang, the capital of Dingdu, was called "Guangwu Zhongxing" after unification of the world. Emperor Hanming and Emperor Hanzhang followed the light and humble Fu to create "Mingzhang Zhi". Emperor Hanhe broke through the Northern Huns and recovered the Western Regions after succession to the throne, creating "Yongyuan Long", and the national strength of the Eastern Han Dynasty reached its peak. The Yellow Towel Uprising broke out in 184 A.D., but the suppression of civil unrest led to local self-respect. After the Dong Zhuo Rebellion, the name of the Eastern Han Dynasty survived. In 220 AD, Cao Pi usurped the Han Dynasty and the Eastern Han Dynasty perished. After Liu Bei established Shuhan to continue the Han Dynasty, China entered the Three Kingdoms Period. 2、中文翻译 汉朝(前202年-8年,25年-220年)是继秦朝之后的大一统王朝,主要分为西汉、东汉时期,共历29帝,享国四百零五年。 秦末天下大乱,刘邦在推翻秦朝后被封为汉王。公元前202年,楚汉之争获胜后称帝建立汉朝,史称西汉;定都长安。汉文帝、汉景帝推行休养生息国策开创“文景之治”。 汉武帝即位后开辟丝路、攘夷拓土成就“汉武盛世”;至汉宣帝时期国力达到极盛。公元8年,王莽废西汉末帝,定都常安,史称新朝,西汉灭亡。 公元25年,刘秀统一天下后,仍沿用汉作为国号,史称东汉。定都洛阳 ,统一天下后息兵养民,史称“光武中兴”;汉明帝、汉章帝沿袭轻徭薄赋,开创“明章之治”。 汉和帝继位后大破北匈奴、收复西域,开创“永元之隆” ,东汉国力达到极盛[。公元184年爆发黄巾起义,虽剿灭民乱却导致地方拥兵自重,董卓之乱后东汉名存实亡。公元220年曹丕篡汉,东汉灭亡。 三、晋朝 1、Jin Dynasty Jin Dynasty (266-420 years), a dynasty in Chinese history, was divided into two periods: the Western Jin Dynasty and the Eastern Jin Dynasty. The Western Jin Dynasty was one of the unified dynasties in Chinese history, and the Eastern Jin Dynasty was one of the six dynasties. There were fifteen emperors in the two Jin Dynasties, for a total of one hundred and fifty-five years. Sima Yan usurped the Wei Dynasty in 266 AD. His name was Jin and his capital was Luoyang. He was historically called the Western Jin Dynasty. In 280 AD, he destroyed Wu and achieved unification. After the Eight Kings'Rebellion and Yongjia's disaster, the national situation gradually declined. In 316, the Western Jin Dynasty was destroyed by the northern barbarians. and the North was in chaos. Historically, it was called the "Five Hu Hua". In 317, Jinshi went south, Sima Rui established the Eastern Jin Dynasty in Jianye. and the Eastern Jin Dynasty had many Northern Expeditions. It was temporarily consolidated after the battle between Eastern Jin Dynasty and Fengshui Pre-Qin Dynasty in 383. During the Jin Dynasty, Wuhu moved to the Central Plains, strengthened ethnic integration, moved from the north to the south. 2、中文翻译 晋朝(266年-420年),中国历史上的朝代,上承三国下启南北朝,分为西晋与东晋两个时期,其中西晋为中国历史上大一统王朝之一,东晋则属于六朝之一,两晋共传十五帝,共一百五十五年。 公元266年司马炎篡魏,建国号为晋,定都洛阳,史称西晋,公元280年灭吴,完成统一。后经历八王之乱和永嘉之祸,国势渐衰,316年西晋被北方蛮族灭亡,北方陷于混乱,史称五胡乱华。 317年,晋室南渡,司马睿在建邺建立东晋,东晋曾多次北伐。383年东晋与前秦淝水之战后得到暂时巩固。 四、隋朝 1、Sui Dynasty The Sui Dynasty (581-618 or 619) was a unified dynasty in Chinese history, which inherited the Northern and Southern Dynasties and the Tang Dynasty. In February 581, the Jingdi Chan of the Northern Zhou Dynasty gave way to Yang Jian, and the Northern Zhou Dynasty collapsed. Yang Jian's national name is "Sui Dynasty". Dingdu Daxing City (now Xi'an, Shaanxi Province). In 589, the Chen Dynasty was destroyed in the South and China was unified. ending nearly 300 years of division since the end of the Western Jin Dynasty. In 605 AD, after Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty assumed the throne. Yuwenkai was ordered to build Tokyo and move the capital of Luoyang (now Luoyang, Henan Province) in the same year. During the reign of Emperor Wendi of Sui Dynasty, people's livelihood was prosperous, people lived and worked in peace and contentment, and politics was clear and bright. which created a prosperous situation of the rule of emperor. During the reign of Emperor Yangdi of Sui Dynasty, the Grand Canal was built through the north and the south. However, because of the excessive consumption of national power, it led to the people's revolt and noble rebellion in the late Sui Dynasty. 2、中文翻译 隋朝(581年—618年或619年)是中国历史上承南北朝下启唐朝的大一统朝代。 公元581年二月,北周静帝禅让于杨坚,北周覆亡。杨坚定国号为“隋”,定都大兴城(今陕西西安)。公元589年南下灭陈朝,统一中国,结束了自西晋末年以来长达近300年的分裂局面。 公元605年,隋炀帝即位后,令宇文恺营建东京,同年下诏迁都洛阳(今河南洛阳)。隋文帝在位年间社会民生富庶、人民安居乐业、政治清明,开创了开皇之治繁荣局面。 五、唐朝 1、Tang Dynasty The Tang Dynasty (618-907) was a unified Central Plains Dynasty after the Sui Dynasty. It had twenty-one emperors and enjoyed the country for 289 years. At the end of the Sui Dynasty, the world rose together. In 617, Li Yuan, the Tang Emperor, set up the Tang Dynasty in Jinyang. The next year, he called the Emperor Chang'an. Tang Taizong initiated Zhenguan Zhi after he succeeded to the throne. Tang Gaozong inherited the legacy of Zhenguan and initiated the rule of Yonghui. In 690, Wu Zetian, with the Tang Dynasty of Zhou Dynasty and Luoyang as the capital of Dingdu, was known as Wuzhou in history. He created a situation of "inheriting Zhengguan from the past and opening up Yuan from the next", which laid a foundation for the emergence of the prosperous Tang Dynasty. In 705, after the Shenlong Revolution, Tang Zhongzong restored the title of Tang Dynasty. Tang Xuanzong inaugurated the flourishing era of Wanbang's coming to dynasty. Tianbaomei has a population of about 80 million. After the Anshi Rebellion, Fanzhen's separatist regime and eunuch's autocratic power led to the decline of national power. 2、中文翻译 唐朝(618年—907年),是继隋朝之后的大一统中原王朝,共历二十一帝,享国二百八十九年。 隋末天下群雄并起,617年,唐国公李渊于晋阳起兵,次年于长安称帝建立唐朝。唐太宗继位后开创了贞观之治。 唐高宗承贞观遗风开创永徽之治。690年,武则天以周代唐,定都洛阳,史称武周,开创了“上承贞观,下启开元”的治世局面,为盛唐的出现奠定了基础。 705年,神龙革命之后,唐中宗恢复唐朝国号。 唐玄宗即位后开创了万邦来朝的开元盛世。 天宝末全国人口达八千万左右。 参考资料来源:百度百科——秦朝 参考资料来源:百度百科——汉朝 参考资料来源:百度百科——晋朝 参考资料来源:百度百科——隋朝 参考资料来源:百度百科——唐朝

中国历史朝代简介(英文版)

2,中国历史朝代英文名?

如果你不明白以下的语言请到中华人民共和国小学学习汉语拼音:三皇(年代不详,传说中的远古帝王),五帝(约公元前26—22世纪,传说中的上古帝王),夏(约公元前21—16世纪),商(约公元前16—11世纪),西周(约公元前11世纪—前771),春秋(约公元前770—前476),战国(约公元前475—前221),秦[秦帝国(公元前221—前206),西汉(公元前206—公元25),东汉(25—220),三国(220—280),西晋(365—317),东晋(317—420),十六国(304—439),南北朝(420—589),隋(581—618),唐(618—907),五代(907—960),十国(902—937),宋(960—1279),北宋(960—1127),南宋(1127—1279),元[孛儿只斤氏](1206—1368),明(1368—1644)。清[爱新觉罗氏](1616—1911),中华民国(1912—1949),中华人民共和国(1949年10月1日成立)

3,中国历史朝代介绍

  朝代

  起讫年代

  都城

  今地   开国皇帝

  夏朝

  约前2146-1675年

  安邑

  山西夏县   禹

  商朝

  约前1675-1029年

  亳

  河南商丘   汤

  周

  西周

  约前1029-771年

  镐京

  陕西西安   周文王姬发

  东周

  前770-256年

  洛邑

  河南洛阳   周平王姬宜臼

  春秋

  前770-476年

  战国

  前475-221年

  秦朝

  前221-207年

  咸阳

  陕西咸阳   始皇帝嬴政

  汉

  西汉

  前206-公元8年

  长安

  陕西西安   汉高祖刘邦

  新朝

  9-23年   王莽

  东汉

  25-220年

  洛阳

  河南洛阳   汉光武帝刘秀

  三   国

  魏

  220-265年

  洛阳

  河南洛阳   魏文帝曹丕

  蜀汉

  221-263年

  成都

  四川成都   汉昭烈帝刘备

  吴

  222-280年

  建业

  江苏南京   吴大帝孙权

  晋

  西晋

  265-316

  洛阳

  河南洛阳   晋武帝司马炎

  东晋

  317-420

  建康

  江苏南京   晋元帝司马睿

  十六国

  304-439

  南朝

  宋

  420-479

  建康

  江苏南京   宋武帝刘裕

  齐

  479-502

  建康

  江苏南京   齐高帝萧道成

  梁

  502-557

  建康

  江苏南京   梁武帝萧衍

  陈

  557-589

  建康

  江苏南京   陈武帝陈霸先

  北朝

  北

  386-534

  平城

  山西大同   魏道武帝拓跋珪

  魏

  洛阳

  河南洛阳

  东魏

  534-550

  邺

  河北临漳   魏孝静帝元善见

  西魏

  535-556

  长安

  陕西西安   魏文帝元宝炬

  北齐

  550-577

  邺

  河北临漳   齐文宣帝高洋

  北周

  557-581

  长安

  陕西西安   周孝闵帝宇文觉

  隋朝

  581-618

  大兴

  陕西西安   隋文帝杨坚

  唐朝

  618-907

  长安

  陕西西安   唐高祖李渊

  五   代   十   国

  后梁

  907-923

  汴

  河南开封   梁太祖朱晃

  后唐

  923-936

  洛阳

  河南洛阳   唐庄宗李存勖

  后晋

  936-947

  汴

  河南开封   晋高祖石敬瑭

  后汉

  947-950

  汴

  河南开封   汉高祖刘暠

  后周

  951-960

  汴

  河南开封   周太祖郭威

  宋

  北宋

  960-1127

  开封

  河南开封   宋太祖赵匡胤

  南宋

  1127-1279

  临安

  浙江临安   宋高宗赵构

  辽国

  907-1125

  皇都

  辽宁   辽国耶律阿保机

  大理

  937-1254

  太和城

  云南大理

  西夏

  1032-1227

  兴庆府

  宁夏银川

  金

  1115-1234

  会宁

  阿城(黑)   金太祖阿骨打

  中都

  北京

  开封

  河南开封

  元朝

  1206-1368

  大都

  北京   元世祖忽必烈

  明朝

  1368-1644

  北京

  北京   明太祖朱元璋

  清朝

  1616-1911

  北京

  北京   皇太极

  中华民国

  1912-1949

  南京

  南京

  中华人民共和国1949年10月1日成立,首都北京。

4,请问:汉朝人说什么语言 也是普通话吗

汉朝语言属于上古汉语。 上古汉语,属于汉藏语系—汉语族,指的是商朝到晋朝的汉语,是现存汉语的祖先。 古时,除了少数的语言学者外,一般人们不知道一个语言的语音会有发展变化。在阅读先秦古籍时(如《诗经》)发现一些不和谐的音韵,为了求和谐,将这些不谐音的字临时改念,这种做法称作“叶音”(xiéyīn)。 明末学者顾炎武研究认为《诗经》中的每个字都有自己固定的读音,但因先秦时期汉语字音是有着不同于现时发音的语音系统,导致用今音念《诗》会出现韵脚不谐音的情况,但若用先秦的语音系统来读则韵脚自然谐和,就没有“叶音”的必要了。 清代学者段玉裁在研究先秦古籍时又发现一个重要的现象,就是谐音字的偏旁与《诗》中的韵脚相吻。他提出了“同声必同部”的理论,为上古音韵学的研究迈出了第一步。 扩展资料: 由于汉字系统不能直接反映上古汉语的形态变化,因此为了了解这些变化,必须使用隋朝和唐朝的反切里出现的异读现象。 例如:“解”,有几个读音:中古“古隘切”(见母开口佳韵上声,普通话jiě)和中古“胡买切”(匣母开口佳韵上声,普通话xiè);第一个有清声母(见母,中古k-)有主动意义,是及物动词,第二个有浊声母(匣母,中古ɦ)有被动意义:声母的清浊和动词的主动/被动性有直接的关系。 有些专家认为是某种前缀导致动词声母的浊化。 有时候,不同汉字可以代表同一个词根的几个形态,例如:“见”(中古古电切见母开口先韵去声)代表主动意义,“现”(中古胡甸匣母开口先韵去声)代表被动意义,这对动词类似于上述“解”字的两个读音,但与之不同的是,这里使用两个符号来区分主动和被动的读音。 参考资料:百度百科-上古汉语

5,中国第一个会说英语的人是谁,英语从什么朝代进入中国

第一个会说英语的中国人是谁绝对没人知道,英语传入中国的时间应该是在明清两代,在明清两代之前英国只是欧陆海外的一个不起眼的小国,欧陆上的人就跟像我们看南洋土著一样视英国人为蛮夷,所以当时欧洲流行的是意大利语西班牙语和法语,直到英国成为日不落帝国之后英语才成为国际语言,所以只有明清两代才可能会有说着英语的传教士来中国,当然或许明清之前也有但可能性太低。

6,中国的“四大发明”用英语怎么说?

Four Great Inventions : 四大发明: Papermaking ,Commercial Printing ,Gunpowder ,Compass 造纸术,活字印刷术,火药,指南针 指南针是用以判别方位的一种简单仪器。前身是司南。主要组成部分是一根装在轴上可以自由转动的磁针。磁针在地磁场作用下能保持在磁子午线的切线方向上。磁针的北极指向地理的北极,利用这一性能可以辨别方向。 造纸术是中国四大发明之一,人类文明史上的一项杰出的发明创造。中国是世界上最早养蚕织丝的国家。 火药:一种黑色或棕色的炸药,由硝酸钾、木炭和硫磺机械混合而成,最初均制成粉末状,以后一般制成大小不同的颗粒状,可供不同用途之需,在采用无烟火药以前,一直用作唯一的军用发射药。 中国是世界上最早发明印刷术的国家。早期的印刷是把图文刻在木板上用水墨印刷的,木版水印画仍用此法,统称“刻版印刷术”(亦称“雕版印刷术”)刻版印刷的前身是公元前流行的印章捺印和后来出现的拓印碑石等。造纸和制墨等生产技术出现之后,逐渐发明了刻版印刷技术。 扩展资料: 例句: Gunpowder was first invented in China. In the Tang Dynasty, gunpowder was invented in China. In Song Dynasty, it was widely used in military affairs. At the time of yuan and Ming Dynasties, rockets were also built by using the principle of jet. Gunpowder has been abroad since thirteenth Century. 中国首先发明火药。 早在唐代, 中国就发明了火药。 到宋代已被大量运用到军事上。 元、明之际, 还利用喷气原理制造了“火箭”。 火药从13世纪起传到国外。



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