甲基硅氧烷对人体暴露途径的研究进展

Abstract: Due to the mass production and use of organic silicone, methylsiloxanes pollution has attracted increasing attention. Methylsiloxanes have been widely detected in air, water, soil, silt, biogas, organism and other environmental samples, as well as in personal care products (PCPs), food, silicone rubber products and human tissue samples. Volatile methylsiloxanes (VMS) and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) are typical methylsiloxanes pollutants. The former is the most common pollutant with environmental persistence, bioaccumulation, volatility and reproductive toxicity; and the latter is with high degree of polymerization. The definitions, uses, toxicity and regulatory standards of VMS and PDMS were summarized in this paper. The paper focused on the pollution levels of methylsiloxanes in air, PCPs, food, oral contact silicone products and medical prostheses. The corresponding exposure pathways to the human body and skin, as well as oral exposure and in vivo implantation exposure were also reviewed. The existing studies have shown that, the order of the highest methylsiloxanes exposure level for different pathways from high to low is:human tissue exposure via medical prostheses, skin contact exposure via PCPs (with low skin permeability), respiratory exposure in air, and oral exposure via food/oral contact silicone products. In addition, the environmental contamination of methylsiloxanes, multi-pathway exposure assessment and health risk assessment also require further in-depth study.