全新版大学英语四综合教程答案

全新版大学英语综合教程4【第二版】习题答案

主编：李荫华

上海外语教育出版社

Unit 1

Part II Text A

lexfOrganization

Parts    Paragraphs    Main Ideas

Part One   Paras 1-2      Introduction — Both Napoleon's andHitler's military campaigns failed because of the severity of the Russianwinter.

Part Two   Paras3-11     Napoleon's military campaignagainst Russia

Part Three  Paras12-20    Hitler's military campaignagainst the Soviet Union

Part Four   Para 21      Conclusion—the elements of nature must be rekoned with in any militarycampaign.

2.

Sections   Paragraphs     Main Ideas

SectionOne  Paras 12-13   Hitler's blitzkrieg against Russia andStalin's scorched earth policy

SectionTwo  Paras 14-18   the battles fought at Leningrad,Moscow and StalingradSection Three Paras 19-20 the Russian counter-offensive and the outcome of thewar

Vocabulary

I. 1. 1) alliance                   2)at the cost of

3) stroke                     4) limp

5) minus                      6) regions

7)declarations               8) siege

9) raw                        10) bide his time

11) have takentheir toll     12) in the case of

2. 1) is facedwith                 2) get bogged down

3) is pressingon / pressed on   4) drag on

5) get by                        6) dine out

7) have cutback                 8) get through

3. 1) The rapid advance in genetherapy may lead to the conquest of cancer in the near future.

2)Production inmany factories has been brought to a halt by the delayed arrival of rawmaterials due to the dock workers’ strike

3)Sara has madeup her mind that her leisure interests will/should never get in the way of hercareer.

4) Obviously the reporter's question caughtthe foreign minister off guard.

5)Theintroduction of the electronic calculator has rendered the slide rule out ofdate /obso lete.

4.1) Beingfaced with an enemy forces much superior to ours, we had to give up the occupationof big cities and retreat to the rural and mountainous          regions to build upourbases.

2) Unity is crucial to the efficientoperation of an organization. Failure to reckon with this problemwill weaken its strength. In many cases,work may be brought to a haltbyconstant internal struggle in an organization.

3) The Red Army fought a heroic battleat Stalingrad and won the decisive victoryagainst the Germans. In fact, this battle turned the tide in the SecondWorld War. During this famous battle, the Soviet troops withstood the German siegeand weakened the German army by launching a series ofcounterattacks.

II.More Synonyms in Context

1) During the First World War, battlesoccurred here and there over vast areas. Some of the most dramatic fighting took place inthe gloomy trenches of France and Belgium.

2) Elizabeth made careful preparations for theinterview and her efforts / homeworkpaid off.

3) I spent hours trying to talk himinto accepting the settlement, but he turned a deaf ear to all my words.

4) Pneumonia had severely weakened herbody, and I wondered how her fragilebody could withstand the harsh weather.

III. Usage

1) But often it is not until we fall illthat wefinally learn to appreciate good health.

2) A rich old lady lay dead at home for two weeks—and nobody knew anythingabout it.

3) It's saidhe dropped dead from a heart attackwhen he was at work

4) Don't sit too close to the fire to keepwarm—you could easily get burned, especially if you fall asleep.

5) In thosedays people believed in marryingyoung and having children early.

6) Little Tomwas unable to sit still for longerthan a few minutes.

Comprehensive Exercises

I. Cloze

(A)

1. invasion      2. stand in the way

3. Conquest      4. catching... off his guard

5. launching     6. declaration

7. campaign      8. drag on

9. reckon with   10. bringing...to a halt

(B)

1. allow          2.reckoned

3. highly         4.forecasts

5. rapidly        6.instant

7. delivery       8.advantage

9. observing      10.Powerful

II. Translation

1. Mr. Dohertyand his family are currently engaged in getting the autumnharvest in on the farm.

2. We must notunderestimate the enemy. They are equipped with the mostsophisticated weapons.

3. Having beencut of a job/Not having had a job for 3months, Phil is getting increasingly desperate.

4. Sam, as theproject manager, is decisive, efficient, and accurate in his judgment.

5. Since thechemical plant was identified as the source of solution, the villageneighborhood committee decided to close it down at the cost of 100 jobs.

The offensivehad already lasted three days, but we had not gained much ground. Our troopsengaging the enemy at the front were faced with strong/fierce/stiff resistance.The division commander instructed our battalion to get around to the rear ofthe enemy and launch a surprise attack. To do so, however, we had to cross amarshland and many of us were afraid we might get bogged down in the mud. Ourbattalion commander decided to take a

gamble. We started under cover of darkness and pressed onin spite of great difficulties. By a stroke of luck, the temperature at nightsuddenly dropped to minus 20 degrees Celsius and the marsh froze over. Thanksto the cold weather, we arrived at our destination before dawn and beganattacking the enemy from the rear. This turned the tide of the battle. Theenemy, caught off guard, soon surrendered.

Unit 2Text A

Vocabulary

I. 1. 1) expansion     2) automated     3) vapor     4) take control of        5) hazards       6) satellite     7) vibrated  8) magnetic              9) bunched       10) in the air   11) got/was stuckin

12)approximately

2. 1) sendout      2) stand up for   3) pass for  4) were closing in on

5) startingup   6) went through   7) fill out  8) fall into

3. 1)…incorporates all the latest safety features

2) …two treesten feet apart

3) … awardinglucrative contracts to his construction site

4) … the prototype of a new modelbefore they set up a factory to make the cars.

5) … arecorrelated in all racial groups

4.1) theapplication, remote, has turned into a reality, are poised to

2) thatvibrate, can detect, frequency

3) lanes, aremounted in, alert a, hazard

II. WordFormation

Clipped Words Blends

Kilo  kilogram            Medicare       medical care

Memo  memorandum          email          electronic mail

gym   gymnasium           comsat         communications satellite

lib   liberation          newscast       news broadcast

doc   doctor              skyjack        sky hijack

vet   veterinarian        Eurodollar     European dollar

prep  preparatory         brunch         breakfast and lunch

auto  automobile          telecast       television broadcast

flu   influenza           Oxbridge       Oxfordand Cambridge

III. 1. swimming pool    2. drawing board    3. enriched Middle English       4. disturbing change    5. fully developed prototype     6.Canned foods  7. working population    8. puzzling differences ComprehensiveExercises

I. Cloze

1.

1)computerized    2) start up    3) be poised to    4) alert      5)hazards  6) monotonous    7) take control of    8) steer     9) lane     10) decrease  11) calculate    12) eliminate     13) getting stuck in        14) mounted  15) detect       16) vapor

2.

1) generates       2)related       3) revolutionized         4) enabled                5) opportunities   6) overall        7) manufacturing         8) dependent 9) interact        10) fatalities

II.Translation