NetworkManager nmcli ipv4 静态ip 笔记221025

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NetworkManager nmcli ipv4 静态ip 笔记221025

2024-04-13 21:59| 来源: 网络整理| 查看: 265

nmcli connection modify 可以修改现有连接 con 可以写成 c 到 connection 之间的字段 mod 可以写成 m 到 modify 之间的字段 nmcli connection modify nmcli connec modify nmcli conne modif nmcii conn modi nmcli con mod nmcli co mo nmcli c m nmcli c modify nmcli connection m ipv4. 可以接 [method, dns, dns-search, dns-options, dns-priority, addresses, gateway, routes, route-metric, route-table, routing-rules, ignore-auto-routes, ignore-auto-dns, dhcp-client-id, dhcp-iaid, dhcp-timeout, dhcp-send-hostname, dhcp-hostname, dhcp-fqdn, dhcp-hostname-flags, never-default, may-fail, required-timeout, dad-timeout, dhcp-vendor-class-identifier, dhcp-reject-servers] 。 ipv4.method的可选]值有 [auto, link-local, manual, shared, disabled] , ipv4.method最简可写成ipv.me ipv4.addresses 设置IP地址, 最简可写成 ipv4.a, 可设置多个地址,以逗号分隔, 也可多次用 +ipv4.a ipv4.a(ipv4.addresses)可以设置多个(,逗号分隔,可以有空格),但只能出现一次, +ipv4.a(+ipv4.addresses)可以设置多个(,逗号分隔)可以出现多次网关ipv4.g(ipv4.gateway)只能有一个, (在图形界面也只能设置一个), 如果没设置网关就不能上网,但只要有ip地址,就能让网段内其它主机访问,比如ssh连接,没有网关就是能进不能出 ipv4.dns不能简写,可一次设置多个, +ipv4.dns可多次设置多个 ipv4.dns-search可简写为ipv4.dns-s , 搜索域 ipv4.ignore-auto-dns 取值 true|fasle 是否跳过自动域名 , 最简只能写成ipv4.ignore-auto-d

对应图形界面 ipv4.ignore-auto-dns 在这里插入图片描述

ipv4.x前面可以加(加号或减号+-), ipv4.x表示设置 +ipv4.x表示新增, -ipv4.x表示移除一句中只能出现一次ipv4.x,后面的ipv4.x会覆盖前面的ipv4.x 一句中可以出现多次 +ipv4.x 和 -ipv4.x sudo nmcli c m "netplan-ens33" ipv4.method manual ipv4.addr 192.168.168.224/24 ipv4.gateway 192.168.168.2 ipv4.dns 192.168.168.2

最好加上单引号或双引号

sudo nmcli connection modify "有线连接 1" ipv4.method 'manual' ipv4.addr "192.168.168.225/24" ipv4.gateway "192.168.168.2" ipv4.dns '192.168.168.2'

也可以分成多句

sudo nmcli c m "有线连接 1" ipv4.addr "192.168.168.224/24" sudo nmcli connection modify "有线连接 1" ipv4.gateway "192.168.168.2" sudo nmcli co mo "有线连接 1" ipv4.method 'manual'

自动获取ip

sudo nmcli co mo "有线连接 1" ipv4.method 'auto'

手动指定ip地址和网关,静态IP

sudo nmcli co mo "有线连接 1" ipv4.method 'manual' ipv4.addresses "192.168.168.224/24" ipv4.gateway "192.168.168.2"

手动指定的dns, 跳过自动获取dns

sudo nmcli co mo "有线连接 1" ipv4.ignore-auto-d 'true'

设置dns , 相同的dns不会重复

sudo nmcli co mo "有线连接 1" ipv4.dns "192.168.168.2 , 8.8.4.4 , 223.6.6.6 , 180.76.76.76" sudo nmcli co mo "有线连接 1" +ipv4.dns "123.125.81.6 ,1.1.1.1,8.8.8.8,114.114.114.114" sudo nmcli co mo "有线连接 1" +ipv4.dns "192.168.168.2 , 6.6.6.6" # 不会重复 sudo nmcli co mo "有线连接 1" -ipv4.dns "6.6.6.6"

设置搜索域

sudo nmcli co mo "有线连接 1" ipv4.dns-search 'baidu.com , google.cn , qq.com'

一句设置 method , addresses , gateway , dns , 跳过自动DNS , search sudo nmcli c m "有线连接 1" ipv4.method 'manual' ipv4.addresses "192.168.168.224/24" ipv4.gateway "192.168.168.2" ipv4.dns "192.168.168.2 , 8.8.4.4 , 223.6.6.6 , 180.76.76.76, 123.125.81.6, 1.1.1.1,8.8.8.8,114.114.114.114" ipv4.ignore-auto-dns 'true' ipv4.dns-search 'baidu.com' ; sudo systemctl restart NetworkManager

method可写成me , addresses可写成a , gateway可写成g , dns不能简写 , dns-serarch可写成dns-s

sudo nmcli c m "有线连接 1" ipv4.me manual ipv4.a "192.168.168.224/24" ipv4.g "192.168.168.1" ipv4.dns "192.168.168.2 , 223.6.6.6 , 180.76.76.76, 123.125.81.6, 1.1.1.1,8.8.8.8,114.114.114.114,8.8.4.4" ipv4.ignore-auto-d 'true' ipv4.dns-s 'baidu.com' ; sudo systemctl restart NetworkManager

没有空格等一些特殊字符的话, 也可以不加引号, 点号不影响

sudo nmcli c m "有线连接 1" ipv4.me manual ipv4.a 192.168.168.224/24 ipv4.g 192.168.168.2 ipv4.dns 192.168.168.2,223.6.6.6,180.76.76.76,123.125.81.6,1.1.1.1,8.8.8.8,114.114.114.114,8.8.4.4 ipv4.ignore-auto-d true ipv4.dns-s baidu.com ; sudo systemctl restart NetworkManager

对于使用 NetworkManager的系统, 一般用GNOME桌面图形界面的系统都默认用NetworkManager, 如 CentOS7,8,9 , Fedora36 等都可以使用nmcli 和 nmtui 命令来配置网络可以用 nmcli help , nmcli c help 和 nmcli c m help 查看对应的帮助

$ nmcli help 用法：nmcli [选项] 对象 { 命令 | help } 选项 -a, --ask 询问缺少的参数 -c, --colors auto|yes|no 是否在输出中使用颜色 -e, --escape yes|no 转义值中的列分隔符 -f, --fields |all|common 指定要输出的字段 -g, --get-values |all|common -m tabular -t -f 的快捷方式 -h, --help 打印此帮助 -m, --mode tabular|multiline 输出模式 -o, --overview 概览模式 -p, --pretty 美化输出 -s, --show-secrets 允许显示密码 -t, --terse 简介输出 -v, --version 显示程序版本 -w, --wait 设定操作完成的等待超时对象 g[eneral] NetworkManager 的常规状态和操作 n[etworking] 整体网络控制 r[adio] NetworkManager 无线电开关 c[onnection] NetworkManager 的连接 d[evice] NetworkManager 管理的设备 a[gent] NetworkManager 机密（secret）或 polkit 代理 m[onitor] 监视 NetworkManager 更改 $ nmcli connection help 用法：nmcli connection { 命令 | help } 命令 := { show | up | down | add | modify | clone | edit | delete | monitor | reload | load | import | export } show [--active] [--order ] show [--active] [id | uuid | path | apath] ... up [[id | uuid | path] ] [ifname ] [ap ] [passwd-file ] down [id | uuid | path | apath] ... add 常用选项类型特定选项从选项 IP_选项 [-- ([+|-]. )+] modify [--temporary] [id | uuid | path] ([+|-]. )+ clone [--temporary] [id | uuid | path ] edit [id | uuid | path] edit [type ] [con-name ] delete [id | uuid | path] monitor [id | uuid | path] ... reload load [ ... ] import [--temporary] type file $ nmcli connection modify help 用法：nmcli connection modify { 参数 | help } 参数 := [id | uuid | path] ([+|-]. )+ 修改连接配置集的一个或多个属性。配置集由它的名称、UUID 或 D-Bus 路径代表。对于有多个值的属性，可以使用 "+" 或 "-" 为属性名加前缀。 "+" 代表附加项而不是覆盖整个值。 "-"代表删除选项的项而不是整个值。参数 := remove 从连接配置集中删除一个设置。示例： nmcli con mod home-wifi wifi.ssid rakosnicek nmcli con mod em1-1 ipv4.method manual ipv4.addr "192.168.1.2/24, 10.10.1.5/8" nmcli con mod em1-1 +ipv4.dns 8.8.4.4 nmcli con mod em1-1 -ipv4.dns 1 nmcli con mod em1-1 -ipv6.addr "abbe::cafe/56" nmcli con mod bond0 +bond.options mii=500 nmcli con mod bond0 -bond.options downdelay nmcli con mod em1-1 remove sriov

NetworkManager官网 NetworkManager官网---man pages

Archlinux的nmcli用例---nmcli-examples - usage examples of nmcli Archlinux的NMCLI(1)---nmcli - command-line tool for controlling NetworkManager

nmcli connection add 可以创建新连接 ARGUMENTS := COMMON_OPTIONS TYPE_SPECIFIC_OPTIONS SLAVE_OPTIONS IP_OPTIONS [-- ([+|-]. )+] COMMON_OPTIONS: type ifname | "*" [con-name ] [autoconnect yes|no] [save yes|no] [master ] [slave-type ]

nmcli connection add等效nmcli c a

sudo nmcli c a con-name 'ens33ConnTest001' ifname 'ens33' type ethernet ipv4.method 'manual' ipv4.addresses "192.168.168.224/24 , 192.168.168.225/24,192.168.168.226/24" +ipv4.address '192.168.168.227/24' +ipv4.a '192.168.168.228/24' +ipv4.addre '192.168.168.229/24 , 192.168.168.230/24 , 192.168.168.231/24' +ipv4.addr "192.168.168.232/24" +ipv4.ad '192.168.168.233/24' +ipv4.a 192.168.168.234/24,192.168.168.235/24 ipv4.gate 192.168.168.2 ipv4.dns 192.168.168.2,119.29.29.29,180.76.76.76,223.6.6.6,8.8.4.4,114.114.115.115 +ipv4.dns '223.5.5.5 , 8.8.8.8 , 1.1.1.1 , 114.114.114.114' +ipv4.dns 101.226.4.6,123.125.81.6 ipv4.ignore-auto-dns true ipv4.dns-search qq.com

ipv4.a(ipv4.addresses)可以设置多个(,逗号分隔,可以有空格),但只能出现一次, +ipv4.a(+ipv4.addresses)可以设置多个(,逗号分隔)可以出现多次网关ipv4.g(ipv4.gateway)只能有一个, (在图形界面也只能设置一个) ipv4.dns不能简写,可一次设置多个, +ipv4.dns可多次设置多个 ipv4.dns-search可简写为ipv4.dns-s , 搜索域 ipv4.ignore-auto-dns 取值 true|fasle 是否跳过自动域名 , 最简只能写成ipv4.ignore-auto-d 上面的nmcli控制台语句会在/etc/NetworkManager/system-connections/ 目录生成 con-name指定的名称加上 .nmconnection 后缀的配置文件, 如果同名文件已存在, 就会再加一个UID 上面的nmcli控制台语句生成的对应的配置文件的内容为

[connection] id=ens33ConnTest001 uuid=47b1917a-5eea-4160-b56f-680654c338c9 type=ethernet interface-name=ens33 [ethernet] [ipv4] address1=192.168.168.224/24,192.168.168.2 address2=192.168.168.225/24 address3=192.168.168.226/24 address4=192.168.168.227/24 address5=192.168.168.228/24 address6=192.168.168.229/24 address7=192.168.168.230/24 address8=192.168.168.231/24 address9=192.168.168.232/24 address10=192.168.168.233/24 address11=192.168.168.234/24 address12=192.168.168.235/24 dns=192.168.168.2;119.29.29.29;180.76.76.76;223.6.6.6;8.8.4.4;114.114.115.115;223.5.5.5;8.8.8.8;1.1.1.1;114.114.114.114;101.226.4.6;123.125.81.6; dns-search=qq.com; ignore-auto-dns=true method=manual [ipv6] addr-gen-mode=stable-privacy method=auto [proxy]

netplan可以从配置文件创建连接, NetworkManager暂时不知可否从配置文件创建连接,只能从图形界面或nmtui或nmcli c a创建新连接, nmcli c load只能加载已创建连接的配置文件, 不能加载自己添加的配置文件

添加一个简洁的,可当基础模板

sudo nmcli connection add con-name 'Concise' ifname 'ens33' type 'ethernet' ipv4.method 'manual' ipv4.addresses "192.168.168.224/24" ipv4.gateway '192.168.168.2' ipv4.dns '192.168.168.2' ipv4.ignore-auto-dns false ipv4.dns-search google.cn

con-name, ifname , type 没法简写 , 区分大小写

可以添加几个连接可用于做试验,或者方便快速切换

sudo nmcli c a con-name 'con-name' ifname 'ens33' type 'EtherneT' ipv4.me 'manual' ipv4.a 192.168.168.224/24 ipv4.g 192.168.168.2

EtHeRnEt 不区分大小写 , 到配置文件会变为小写 ethernet

sudo nmcli c a con-name 'ens33自动获取IP' ifname 'ens33' type EtHeRnEt ipv4.me auto

ipv4.xxx 也不区分大小写, 到配置文件都变小写

sudo nmcli c a con-name '阿里dns' ifname ens33 type ethernet IpV4.me ManuaL iPV4.A 192.168.168.224/24 IPv4.g 192.168.168.2 ipv4.ignore-auto-dns true ipv4.dns 223.6.6.6,223.5.5.5 sudo nmcli c m '阿里dns' iPv4.iGnore-aUto-dNs true Ipv4.dnS 223.6.6.6,223.5.5.5 iPv4.dNs-SeArCh alibaba.com,aliyun.com,taobao.com

con-name, ifname , type 没法简写 , 而且区分大小写

sudo nmcli c a con-name '谷歌dns' ifname ens33 type ETHERnet iPV4.mE mANuAl IpV4.aDDr 192.168.168.224/24 ipV4.GAte 192.168.168.2 IpV4.IgNorE-AUto-DnS TruE ipV4.dNS 8.8.4.4,8.8.8.8 ipV4.DnS-sEaRcH google.cn sudo nmcli c a con-name 百度dns ifname ens33 type ethernet ipv4.me manual ipv4.a 192.168.168.224/24 ipv4.g 192.168.168.2 ipv4.ignore-auto-dns true ipv4.dns 180.76.76.76 ipv4.dns-search baidu.com

单引号

sudo nmcli c a con-name '腾讯dns' ifname 'ens33' type 'ethernet' ipv4.me 'manual' ipv4.a '192.168.168.224/24' ipv4.g '192.168.168.2' ipv4.ignore-auto-dns 'true' ipv4.dns '119.29.29.29' ipv4.dns-search 'qq.com'

双引号

sudo nmcli c a con-name "114dns" ifname "ens33" type "ethernet" ipv4.me "manual" ipv4.a "192.168.168.224/24" ipv4.g "192.168.168.2" ipv4.ignore-auto-dns "true" ipv4.dns "114.114.114.114,114.114.115.115"

大写

sudo nmcli c a con-name 'IBMdns' ifname 'ens33' type 'ethernet' IPV4.ME manual IPV4.A 192.168.168.224/24 IPV4.G 192.168.168.2 IPV4.IGNORE-AUTO-DNS true IPV4.DNS '9.9.9.9'

全名大写

sudo nmcli c a con-name 'CNNICdns' ifname 'ens33' type 'ethernet' IPV4.METHOD 'manual' IPV4.ADDRESSES 192.168.168.224/24 IPV4.GATEWAY 192.168.168.2 IPV4.IGNORE-AUTO-DNS 'true' IPV4.DNS '1.2.4.8,210.2.4.8' IPV4.DNS-SEARCH 'baidu.com,google.cn'

全名小写

sudo nmcli c a con-name 'CloudflareDNS' ifname 'ens33' type 'ethernet' ipv4.method 'manual' ipv4.addresses '192.168.168.224/24' ipv4.gateway '192.168.168.2' ipv4.ignore-auto-dns 'true' ipv4.dns '1.1.1.1,1.0.0.1' ipv4.dns-search 'baidu.com,google.cn' sudo nmcli c a con-name "360电信移动铁通dns" ifname "ens33" type "ethernet" ipv4.method "manual" ipv4.addresses "192.168.168.224/24" ipv4.gateway "192.168.168.2" ipv4.ignore-auto-dns "true" ipv4.dns "101.226.4.6 , 218.30.118.6" ipv4.dns-search "360.com" sudo nmcli c a con-name 360联通dns ifname ens33 type ethernet ipv4.method manual ipv4.addresses 192.168.168.224/24 ipv4.gateway 192.168.168.2 ipv4.ignore-auto-dns true ipv4.dns 123.125.81.6,140.207.198.6 ipv4.dns-search "360.com" sudo nmcli c a con-name 微软dns ifname ens33 type ethernet ipv4.me manual ipv4.a 192.168.168.224/24 ipv4.g 192.168.168.2 ipv4.ignore-auto-dns true ipv4.dns 4.2.2.1,4.2.2.2 ipv4.dns-s bing.com sudo nmcli c a con-name OpenDNS ifname ens33 type ethernet ipv4.me manual ipv4.a 192.168.168.224/24 ipv4.g 192.168.168.2 ipv4.ignore-auto-dns true ipv4.dns 208.67.222.222,208.67.220.220 ipv4.dns-s bing.com

修改为手动DNS

sudo nmcli c m 'ens33ConnTest001' ipv4.ignore-auto-dns true

修改自动DNS

sudo nmcli c m 'ens33ConnTest001' ipv4.ignore-auto-dns false

resolvectl 命令可以查看 dns

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