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常用临床医学英文术语,医学英语词汇专业词汇中英对照

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常用临床医学英文术语

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常用临床医学英文术语   diseases 疾病   acute diseases 急性病   advanced diseases 病沉重期,晚期疾病   chronic diseases慢性病   communicable diseases 传染病   complicating diseases 并发病   congenital diseases 先天性疾病   acquired diseases 后天性疾病   contagious diseases接触性传染病   endemic diseases 地方病   epidemic diseases 流行病   functional diseases 机能病、官能病   infectious diseases 传染病   inherited diseases 遗传病   malignant diseases恶性病   nutritional diseases 营养病   occupation diseases 职业病   organic diseases 器质性病   paroxysmal diseases 阵发性病   periodical diseases 周期病   primary(principal)diseases原发(主导)病   secondary diseases 继发病   sexual(venereal, social)diseases 性病   terminal diseases 绝症   wasting diseases 消耗性疾病chief complaint 主诉   clinical manifestation 临床表现   delivery history 分娩史   etiology病因学   family history 家族史   history, medical history 病史   precipitating(induced)诱因   marital status婚姻状况   menstrual history 月经史   menarche 初潮   menopause闭经   past history既往史   pathogenesis 发病机制   personal history 个人史symptoms 症状   cardinal symptom 主要症状   classical symptom 典型症状   concomitant symptom 伴发症状   constitutional(systemic) symptom 全身症状   indirect symptom 间接症状   induced symptom 诱发症状   local symptom 局部症状   mental symptom精神症状    symptom-complex (syndrome)symptom 综合症,症候群   signs体征   antecedent 前驱征   assident (accessory) 副征   commemorative 后遗症   sign of death 死征   diagnostic诊断征   sign of disease 病征   subjective 自觉征,主观征   vein sign静脉征vital sign 生命体征   body length (height of the body) 身高   body weight 体重   barrel chest 桶状胸   cachexia 恶病质   compulsive position 被动体位   critical facies 病危面容   emaciation 消瘦   enophthalmos 眼球下陷   entropion 睑内翻   exophthalmos 眼球突出   flushed face 面色潮红   gain (loss) in weight 增加(减轻)体重   lock-jaw 牙关紧闭   lordosis 脊柱前凸   nasal ala flap 鼻翼扇动   nystagmus 眼震   obesity 肥胖   pallor 苍白   scolisis 脊柱侧凸   agitation 焦急不安   debility, weakness 虚弱   diaphoresis 出汗,大量出汗   dizziness, vertigo 眩晕   lassitude, fatigue 无力,倦怠   malaise 不适   night sweat 盗汗   numbness 麻木   rigor, chill 寒冷,发冷   perspiration, sweating 出汗   pruritus, itching 痒,   somasthenia 躯体无力   tingling 麻刺感abscess 脓肿   acidosis 酸中毒   adhesion 粘连   alkalosis 碱中毒   allergy 过敏   coagulation defect 凝血不良   congestion 充血   dehydration 脱水   distention 膨胀   edema 水肿   embolism 栓塞,栓塞形成   fluid and electrolyte imbalance 水电解质紊乱   gangrene 坏疽   hematoma 血肿   hemorrhage, bleeding 出血   infarction 梗塞,梗死   infection 传染   inflammation 炎症   ketoacidosis 酮酸中毒   metastasis 转移   perforation 穿孔   necrosis 坏死   shock 休克   response 反应,应答   reaction 反应,感应   thrombosis 血栓形成   ulceration 溃疡fever, pyrexia 发烧,发热   continuous fever 稽留热   intermittent fever 间歇热   low-grade fever 低热   remittent fever 驰张热   relapsing fever 回归热pain 痛   burning pain 灼痛   chest(flank,…) pain 胸(胁腹…)痛   cramp-like pain 痉挛性痛   dull, diffused pain 弥漫性钝痛   pleuritic pain 胸膜炎性痛   radiating pain (pain radiating to…) 放射性痛(放射到…疼痛)angina 绞痛   cardiac angina 心绞痛   backache 背痛   colic 绞痛,急腹痛   earache 耳痛   headache 头痛   neuralgia 神经痛   migraine 偏头痛   rebound tenderness 反跳痛   somatalgia 躯体痛   sore throat 咽喉痛   stomachache 胃痛   toothache 牙痛   bloody sputum 带血的痰   cough 咳嗽   dry cough 干咳   expectoration 咳痰   expectoration of blood 咳血   hemoptysis 咳血anoxia 缺氧   apnea 呼吸暂停,窒息   asthma 气喘,哮喘   cheyne stokes respiration 切-斯氏呼吸,潮式呼吸   dyspnea 呼吸困难   hyperpnea hyperventilation 过度呼吸,换气过度   hypopnea 呼吸不全, 呼吸浅表   hypoxia 低氧,缺氧   orthopnea 端坐呼吸   respiratory arrest 呼吸停止   suffocation 窒息   tachypnea 呼吸急促   fetid breath 口臭   fruity brea th 呼吸有水果味arrhythmia 心律失常,心律不齐   atelectasis 肺不张,肺膨胀不全   cardiac arrest 心搏骤停   cardiac hypertrophy 心脏肥大   cyanosis 发绀,青紫   distension of jugular vein 颈静脉怒张   extrasystole 期外收缩   gallop rhythm 奔马律   hemopleura 血胸   hepatojugular reflux 肝颈静脉回流   hypovolemia (循环)血容量减少   palpitation 心悸   tachycardia 心动过速   pneumothorax 气胸   thrill 震颤   absent breath sounds 呼吸音消失   dull sound 浊音   hyperresonant 鼓音   rale 啰音   rhonchus, rhonchi 鼾音,干啰音   wheeze 哮鸣音anorexia, loss of appetite 食欲不振,厌食   dysphagia 吞咽困难   eructation 嗳气   belching 嗳气   flatulence 气胀   flatus 肠胃气,屁   gaseous distention 胃胀气   hematemesis 呕血   hiccough, hiccup 打呃,呃逆   nausea 恶心   pyrosis 胃灼热   regurgitation 反胃,回流   thirsty 口渴   vomiting 呕吐   anal fissure, crack in the anal canal 肛裂   ascites 腹水   board-like rigidity of the abdomen 板状腹   decreased tactile fremitus 触觉性震颤减弱   exophageal varices 食管静脉曲张   fistula 瘘,瘘管   hemorrhoid 痔   hernia 疝   hepatomegaly 肝肿大   intussusception 肠套叠   jaundice 黄疸   muscle guarding, defence of the abdominal wall 腹壁肌卫   peristalsis 蠕动   loss of peristalsis 蠕动消失   mass peristalsis 总蠕动   retrograde (reversed) peristalsis 逆蠕动   prolapse 脱垂   prolapse of anus 脱肛   rectal prolapse 直肠脱垂,脱肛   volvulus 肠扭转calculus 结石, 石   biliary calculus 胆结石   vesical calculus 膀胱结石constipation 便秘   defecation 排便   diarrhea 腹泻   incontinence of feces 大便失禁   hematochezia 便血   fecal impaction 大便嵌塞   occult blood 潜血   painful straining with defecation 排便痛性牵动   clay colored stools 陶土色便   dark, granular/coffee ground emesis 咖啡样呕吐物   fecal vomiting, stercoraceous vomiting 呕粪,吐粪   foul fatty stools, steatorrhea 恶臭脂肪便,脂肪痢   scanty and hard stools 便少而硬   tarry (black) stools 柏油样便anuria 无尿   burning sensation no urination 排尿时的灼烧感   dysurea 排尿困难,尿痛   enuresis, bed wetting 遗尿   frequency of urination 尿频   micturation 排尿   uresis, urination, voiding 排尿   nocturia 夜尿   oliguria 少尿   polyuria 多尿   tenesmus 里急后重   vesical tenesmus 排尿时里急后重   uremia coma 尿毒症昏迷   urgency of urination 尿急   urinary incontinence 尿失禁aciduria 酸尿   chyluria 乳糜尿   cylindruia 管型尿   glycosuria 糖尿   hematuria 血尿   ketonuria 酮尿   pneumatinuria 气尿   proteinuria 蛋白尿   pyuria 脓尿amenorrhea 经闭,无月经   dysmenorrhea 痛经   menorrhagia 月经过多   lochia 恶露   menorrhea 行经,月经过多   menstruation 月经   uterine contraction 子宫收缩blotch 斑点   bruise 挫伤,青肿   acne 痤疮,粉刺   desquamation 脱皮,脱屑   ecchymosis 瘀斑   loss of skin turgor 失去皮肤充盈   nevus 痣   papule 丘疹   petechia 瘀点,瘀斑   pigmentation 色素沉着   pustule 脓疱   purpura 紫癫   red nodule 红结节   roseola 玫瑰疹   scar 伤疤   senile plaque 老人斑   spider anaioma 蛛形痣   subcutaneous nodule 皮下结节   urticaria 荨麻疹   vesicle 小水疱   vitiligo 白斑blindness 失明   blurred vision, visual disturbance 视力模糊   impaired vision 视力下降   lacrimation 流泪   papilledema 视神经乳头水肿   photophobia 畏光,羞明   retinal detachment 视网膜脱离deafness 聋   hearing loss 听力丧失   tinnitus 耳鸣   epistaxis, nasal bleeding 鼻出血   impaired smelling 嗅觉障碍   nasal discharge 鼻涕   nasal obstruction 鼻塞   sneeze 喷嚏   snore 打鼾   aphonia, loss of voice 失音症   hoarseness 嘶哑   gum bleeding 齿龈出血   herpes labialis 唇疱疹,感冒疮   koplik's spots 科普利克斑   lead line of the gum 龈铅线   salivation, drooling 流口水   straw-berry tongue 草莓舌   tremulous tongue 舌震颤atrophy 萎缩   contracture 挛缩   deformity 畸形,变形   dislocation 脱位   fracture 骨折   closed (simple)fracture 无创骨折,单纯性骨折   comminuted fracture 粉碎性骨折   compound fracture 哆开(开放性)骨折   knock-knee 膝外翻   opisthotonos 角弓反张   prosthesis 假体   spasm 痉挛   tetany (肌)强直,手足抽搦   wrist drop 腕下垂aphasia 失语   ataxia 共济失调   coma 昏迷   consciousness 知觉,意识   convulsion 抽搐,惊厥   delirium 谵妄   delusion 妄想   faint 昏厥   hallucination 幻觉   hemiplegia 偏瘫   increased intracranial pressure 颅内压增高   insanity 精神错乱   loss of orientation 定向丧失   mania 躁狂   memory defects, amnesia 记忆缺损,遗忘症   paraplegia 截瘫,下身麻痹   projectile vomiting 喷射性呕吐   somnolence, (lethargy) 昏睡,嗜睡   stupor 木僵,昏呆   tetraplegia 四肢瘫痪   unconsciousness 失去知觉   yawning 打哈欠crisis 危象   cerebral (febrile, hematic, hemolytic,hypertensive, thyrotoxic, ……) crisis   脑(热、血性、溶血、高血压、甲状腺中毒…)危象   failure 衰竭,故障   central (circulatory, cardiac, myocardiac, peripheral, congestive, renal, respiratory) failure   中枢(循环、心力、心肌、周围循环、充血性、肾、呼吸…)衰竭diagnosis诊断   auscultation 听诊   inspection 视诊   palpation触诊   percussion 叩诊   laboratory examination 实验室检查   physical examination 体格检查   rectal (vaginal) touch 直肠(阴道)指诊   impression 印象   tentative diagnosis 暂定诊断   differential diagnosis 鉴别诊断   final diagnosis 最后诊断   prognosis 预后   prescription 处方   incubation (latent) period 潜伏期   prodromal stage 前驱期   incipient stage 初期   quiescent stage 静止期   alleviation 减轻,缓和   remission 缓解   attack 发作   convalescence (recovery) stage 恢复期   rehabilitation 康复   relapse 复发   sudden death 猝死   moribund 濒死的   course of the disease 病程   course of the treatment 疗程   indication 适应症,指征   complication 并发症   contraindication 禁忌症   side-effect 副作用   sequel (sequela), after effect 后遗症   therapies 治疗方法   acupuncture therapy 针刺疗法   block therapy 封闭疗法   chemical therpy (chemo-therapy) 化学疗法   combined therapy 综合疗法   conservative therapy 保守疗法   constitutional therapy 全身疗法   dietetic therapy 饮食疗法   operative treatment 手术疗法   palliative treatment, alleviative treatment 姑息疗法   physical therapy 物理疗法   psychotherapy 精神疗法   radical treatment 根治   radio-therapy 放射性疗法   supporting treatment 支持疗法   symptomatic treatment对症疗法   cardiac massage 心脏按摩   cardiac pacing 心脏起博   electrotherapy 电疗法   electroshock treatment 电休克疗法   hemodialysis 血液透析   hyperbaric therapy 高压氧疗法   insulin-shock treatment 胰岛素休克疗法   light therapy 光疗法   therapeutic gymnastics 医疗体育

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