革兰氏阴性细菌的外膜囊泡：生物发生和功能,Nature Reviews Microbiology

外膜囊泡（OMV）是充满周质成分的外膜球形芽，通常由革兰氏阴性细菌产生。OMV的产生允许细菌与其环境相互作用，并且已发现OMV介导多种功能，包括促进发病机理，在压力条件下使细菌存活并调节细菌群落内的微生物相互作用。此外，由于这种功能的多功能性，研究人员已开始探索将OMV用作生物工程应用程序的平台。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了OMVs研究的最新进展，重点是对生物发生机制和这些囊泡功能的新见解。

"点击查看英文标题和摘要"

Outer-membrane vesicles (OMVs) are spherical buds of the outer membrane filled with periplasmic content and are commonly produced by Gram-negative bacteria. The production of OMVs allows bacteria to interact with their environment, and OMVs have been found to mediate diverse functions, including promoting pathogenesis, enabling bacterial survival during stress conditions and regulating microbial interactions within bacterial communities. Additionally, because of this functional versatility, researchers have begun to explore OMVs as a platform for bioengineering applications. In this Review, we discuss recent advances in the study of OMVs, focusing on new insights into the mechanisms of biogenesis and the functions of these vesicles.