双碳目标下建立碳排放总量控制制度的思考与展望

The carbon peaking and carbon neutrality “1+N” policy system of China proposes to transition from dual control of energy consumption to dual control of carbon emissions, and establish a total carbon emission control system. Most of the existing studies focus on the methodology of total emission target setting and carbon emission allocation, or the analysis of the object of the system, but lacking the discussion on the key issues of the system, such as the decomposition mode, the coordination of different responsibility subjects, and the matching of responsibility subjects and emission sources. From the perspective of system implementation, this paper arranges the relevant institutional practices of carbon emission control at domestic and abroad, proposes the whole process management and elements of the total carbon emission control system “target decomposition → policy introduction → action implementation → assessment and adjustment”, and puts forward specific suggestions for each process. First, target decomposition adopts the mode of “combining regional and industrial decomposition”. The key emission units such as power generation included in the carbon market industry are decomposed and controlled by industry, and other emission sources (including general emission enterprises, buildings, transportation, etc.) are decomposed and controlled by region. Second, the policy tools should match the management mode of the responsible subjects and the emission reduction priorities of the emission sources, which can give play to the synergy between different responsible subjects, and avoid duplication of management. Third, we should build a corresponding data accounting and support system, and form an evaluation, feedback and adjustment mechanism.

Keywords： Carbon emission; Total emission control; Target decomposition; Carbon peaking and carbon neutrality