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人工神经网络及应用智慧树知到课后章节答案2023年下长安大学长安大学 第一章测试 Synapseistheplacewhereneuronsconnectinfunction.Itiscomposedofpresynapticmembrane,synapticspaceandpostsynapticmembrane.() A:对B:错 答案:对 Biologicalneuronscanbedividedintosensoryneurons,motorneuronsand()accordingtotheirfunctions. A:multipolarneuronsB:interneurons C:PseudounipolarneuralnetworksD:bipolarneurons 答案:interneurons Neuronsandglialcellsarethetwomajorpartsofthenervoussystem.() A:错B:对 答案:对 Neuronsarehighlypolarizedcells,whicharemainlycomposedoftwoparts:thecellbodyandthesynapse.() A:错B:对 答案:对 Thehumanbrainisanimportantpartofthenervoussystem,whichcontainsmorethan86billionneurons.Itisthecentralinformationprocessingorganizationofhumanbeings.() A:对B:错 答案:对 第二章测试 In1989,Mead,thefatherofVLSI,publishedhismonograph"()",inwhichageneticneuralnetworkmodelbasedonevolutionarysystemtheorywasproposed. A:LearningMachines B:JournalNeuralNetworks C:AnalogVLSIandNeuralSystems D:Perceptrons:AnIntroductiontoComputationalGeometry 答案:AnalogVLSIandNeuralSystems In1989,YannLecunproposedconvolutionalneuralnetworkandappliedittoimageprocessing,whichshouldbetheearliestapplicationfieldofdeeplearningalgorithm.() A:对B:错 答案:对 In1954,Eccles,aneurophysiologistattheUniversityofMelbourne,summarizedtheprincipleofDale,aBritishphysiologist,that"eachneuronsecretesonlyonekindoftransmitter".() A:错B:对 答案:对 In1972,ProfessorKohonenofFinlandproposedaself-organizingfeaturemap(SOFM)neuralnetworkmodel.() A:对B:错 答案:对 Predictionandevaluationisanactivityofscientificcalculationandevaluationofsomecharacteristicsanddevelopmentstatusofthingsoreventsinthefutureaccordingtotheknowninformationofobjectiveobjects.() A:对B:错 答案:对 第三章测试 Thefunctionoftransferfunctioninneuronsistogetanewmappingoutputofsummeraccordingtothespecifiedfunctionrelationship,andthencompletesthetrainingofartificialneuralnetwork.() A:对B:错 答案:对 Thedeterminantchangessignwhentworows(ortwocolumns)areexchanged.Thevalueofdeterminantiszerowhentworows(ortwocolumns)aresame.() A:对B:错 答案:对 Therearetwokindsofphenomenaintheobjectiveworld.Thefirstisthephenomenonthatwillhappenundercertainconditions,whichiscalledinevitablephenomenon.Thesecondkindisthephenomenonthatmayormaynothappenundercertainconditions,whichiscalledrandomphenomenon.() A:错B:对 答案:对 LogarithmicS-typetransferfunction,namelySigmoidfunction,isalsocalledS-shapedgrowthcurveinbiology.() A:错B:对 答案:对 Rectifiedlinearunit(ReLU),similartotheslopefunctioninmathematics,isthemostcommonlyusedtransferfunctionofartificialneuralnetwork.() A:错B:对 答案:对 第四章测试 Theperceptronlearningalgorithmisdrivenbymisclassification,sothestochasticgradientdescentmethodisusedtooptimizethelossfunction.() A:misclassificationB:maximumC:minimum D:correct 答案:misclassification Perceptronisasingle-layerneuralnetwork,orneuron,whichisthesmallestunitofneuralnetwork.() A:错B:对 答案:对 Whentheperceptronislearning,eachsamplewillbeinputintotheneuronasastimulus.Theinputsignalisthefeatureofeachsample,andtheexpectedoutputisthecategoryofthesample.Whentheoutputisdifferentfromthecategory,wecanadjustthesynapticweightandbiasvalueuntiltheoutputofeachsampleisthesameasthecategory.() A:对B:错 答案:对 Ifthesymmetrichardlimitfunctionisselectedforthetransferfunction,theoutputcanbeexpressedas.Iftheinnerproductoftherowvectorandtheinputvectorintheweightmatrixisgreaterthanorequalto-b,theoutputis1,otherwisetheoutputis-1.() A:错B:对 答案:对 Thebasicideaofperceptronlearningalgorithmistoinputsamplesintothenetworkstepbystep,andadjusttheweightmatrixofthenetworkaccordingtothedifferencebetweentheoutputresultandtheidealoutput,thatistosolvetheoptimizationproblemoflossfunctionL(w,b).() A:错B:对 答案:对 第五章测试 TheoutputofBPneuralnetworkis()ofneuralnetwork. A:theoutputofthelastlayerB:theinputofthelastlayer C:theoutputofthesecondlayerD:theinputofthesecondlayer 答案:theoutputofthelastlayer BPneuralnetworkhasbecomeoneofthemostrepresentativealgorithmsinthefieldofartificialintelligence.Ithasbeenwidelyusedinsignalprocessing,patternrecognition,machinecontrol(expertsystem,datacompression)andotherfields.() A:对B:错 答案:对 In1974,PaulWerbosofthenaturalsciencefoundationoftheUnitedStatesfirstproposedtheuseoferrorbackpropagationalgorithmtotrainartificialneuralnetworksinhisdoctoraldissertationofHarvardUniversity,anddeeplyanalyzedthepossibilityofapplyingittoneuralnetworks,effectivelysolvingtheXORloopproblemthatsinglesensorcannothandle.() A:对B:错 答案:对 InthestandardBPneuralnetworkalgorithmandmomentumBPalgorithm,thelearningrateisaconstantthatremainsconstantthroughoutthetrainingprocess,andtheperformanceofthelearningalgorithmisverysensitivetotheselectionofthelearningrate.() A:对B:错 答案:对 L-Malgorithmismainlyproposedforsuperlargescaleneuralnetwork,anditisveryeffectiveinpracticalapplication.() A:对B:错 答案:错 第六章测试 RBFneuralnetworkisanovelandeffectivefeedforwardneuralnetwork,whichhasthebestlocalapproximationandglobaloptimalperformance.() A:对B:错 答案:对 Atpresent,RBFneuralnetworkhasbeensuccessfullyappliedinnonlinearfunctionapproximation,timeseriesanalysis,dataclassification,patternrecognition,informationprocessing,imageprocessing,systemmodeling,controlandfaultdiagnosis.() A:对B:错 答案:对 ThebasicideaofRBFneuralnetworkistouseradialbasisfunctionasthe"basis"ofhiddenlayerhiddenunittoformhiddenlayerspace,andhiddenlayertransformsinputvector.Theinputdatatransformationoflowdimensionalspaceismappedintohigh-dimensionalspace,sothattheproblemoflinearseparabilityinlow-dimensionalspacecanberealizedinhigh-dimensionalspace.() A:对B:错 答案:对 ForthelearningalgorithmofRBFneuralnetwork,thekeyproblemistodeterminethecenterparametersoftheoutputlayernodereasonably.() A:对B:错 答案:错 ThemethodofselectingthecenterofRBFneuralnetworkbyself-organizinglearningistoselectthecenterofRBFneuralnetworkbyk-meansclusteringmethod,whichbelongstosupervisedlearningmethod.() A:错B:对 答案:错 第七章测试 Intermsofalgorithm,ADALINEneuralnetworkadoptsW-Hlearningrule,alsoknownastheleastmeansquare(LMS)algorithm.Itisdevelopedfromtheperceptronalgorithm,anditsconvergencespeedandaccuracyhavebeengreatlyimproved.() A:错B:对 答案:对 ADALINEneuralnetworkhassimplestructureandmulti-layerstructure.Itisflexibleinpracticalapplicationandwidelyusedinsignalprocessing,systemidentification,patternrecognitionandintelligentcontrol.() A:对B:错 答案:对 WhentherearemultipleADALINEinthenetwork,theadaptivelinearneuralnetworkisalsocalledMadalinewhichmeansmanyAdalineneuralnetworks.() A:对B:错 答案:对 Thealgorithmusedinsingle-layerADALINEnetworkisLMSalgorithm,whichissimilartothealgorithmofperceptron,andalsobelongstosupervisedlearningalgorithm.() A:对B:错 答案:对 Inpracticalapplication,theinverseofthecorrelationmatrixandthecorrelationcoefficientarenoteasytoobtain,sotheapproximatesteepestdescentmethodisneededinthealgorithmdesign.Thecoreideaisthattheactualmeansquareerrorofthenetworkisreplacedbythemeansquareerrorofthek-thiteration. () A:错B:对 答案:对 第八章测试 Hopfieldneuralnetworkisakindofneuralnetworkwhichcombinesstoragesystemandbinarysystem.Itnotonlyprovidesamodeltosimulatehumanmemory,butalsoguaranteestheconvergenceto(). A:localminimumB:localmaximum C:minimum D:maximum 答案:localminimum Atpresent,researchershavesuccessfullyappliedHopfieldneuralnetworktosolvethetravelingsalesmanproblem(TSP),whichisthemostrepresentativeofoptimizationcombinatorialproblems.() A:错B:对 答案:对 In1982,AmericanscientistJohnJosephHopfieldputforwardakindoffeedbackneuralnetwork"Hopfieldneuralnetwork"inhispaperNeuralNetworksandPhysicalSystemswithEmergentCollectiveComputationalAbilities.() A:对B:错 答案:对 Undertheexcitationofinputx,DHNNentersadynamicchangeprocess,untilthestateofeachneuronisnolongerchanged,itreachesastablestate.Thisprocessisequivalenttotheprocessofnetworklearningandmemory,andthefinaloutputofthenetworkisthevalueofeachneuroninthestablestate.() A:错B:对 答案:对 Theorderinwhichneuronsadjusttheirstatesisnotunique.Itcanbeconsideredthatacertainordercanbespecifiedorselectedrandomly.Theprocessofneuronstateadjustmentincludesthreesituations:from0to1,and1to0andunchanged.() A:错B:对 答案:对 第九章测试 ComparedwithGPU,CPUhashigherprocessingspeed,andhassignificantadvantagesinprocessingrepetitivetasks.() A:对B:错 答案:错 Atpresent,DCNNhasbecomeoneofthecorealgorithmsinthefieldofimagerecognition,butitisunstablewhenthereisasmallamountoflearningdata.() A:对B:错 答案:错 Inthefieldoftargetdetectionandclassification,thetaskofthelastlayerofneuralnetworkistoclassify.() A:对B:错 答案:对 InAlexNet,thereare650000neuronswithmorethan600000parametersdistributedinfiveconvolutionlayersandthreefullyconnectedlayersandSoftmaxlayerswith1000categories.() A:对B:错 答案:错 VGGNetiscomposedoftwoparts:theconvolutionlayerandthefullconnectionlayer,whichcanberegardedasthedeepenedversionofAlexNet.() A:错B:对 答案:对 第十章测试 TheessenceoftheoptimizationprocessofDandGistofindthe(). A:maximumB:minimaxC:localmaxima D:minimum 答案:minimax Intheartificialneuralnetwork,thequalityofmodelingwilldirectlyaffecttheperformanceofthegenerativemodel,butasmallamountofpriorknowledgeisneededfortheactualcasemodeling.() A:对B:错 答案:错 AGANmainlyincludesageneratorGandadiscriminatorD.() A:对B:错 答案:对 Becausethegenerativeadversarialnetworkdoesnotneedtodistinguishthelowerboundandapproximateinference,itavoidsthepartitionfunctioncalculationproblemcausedbythetraditionalrepeatedapplicationofMarkovchainlearningmechanism,andimprovesthenetworkefficiency.() A:对B:错 答案:对 Fromtheperspectiveofartificialintelligence,GANusesneuralnetworktoguideneuralnetwork,andtheideaisverystrange.() A:对B:错 答案:对 第十一章测试 ThecharacteristicofElmanneuralnetworkisthattheoutputofthehiddenlayerisdelayedandstoredbythefeedbacklayer,andthefeedbackisconnectedtotheinputofthehiddenlayer,whichhasthefunctionofinformationstorage.() A:对B:错 答案:对 InElmannetwork,thetransferfunctionoffeedbacklayerisnonlinearfunction,andthetransferfunctionofoutputlayerislinearfunction.() A:对B:错 答案:对 Thefeedbacklayerisusedtomemorizetheoutputvalueoftheprevioustimeofthehiddenlayerunitandreturnittotheinput.Therefore,Elmanneuralnetworkhasdynamicmemoryfunction.() A:对B:错 答案:对 TheneuronsinthehiddenlayerofElmannetworkadoptthetangentS-typetransferfunction,whiletheoutputlayeradoptsthelineartransferfunction.Ifthereareenoughneuronsinthefeedbacklayer,thecombinationofthesetransferfunctionscanmakeElmanneuralnetworkapproachanyfunctionwitharbitraryprecisioninfinitetime.() A:对B:错 答案:对 Elmanneuralnetworkisakindofdynamicrecurrentnetwork,whichcanbedividedintofullfeedbackandpartialfeedback.Inthepartialrecurrentnetwork,thefeedforwardconnectionweightcanbemodified,andthefeedbackconnectioniscomposedofagroupoffeedbackunits,andtheconnectionweightcannotbemodified.() A:错B:对 答案:对 第十二章测试 ThelossfunctionofAdaBoostalgorithmis(). A:exponentialfunction B:nonlinearfunctionC:linearfunction D:logarithmicfunction 答案:exponentialfunction Boostingalgorithmisthegeneralnameofaclassofalgorithms.Theircommongroundistoconstructastrongclassifierbyusingagroupofweakclassifiers.Weakclassifiermainlyreferstotheclassifierwhosepredictionaccuracyisnothighandfarbelowtheidealclassificationeffect.Strongclassifiermainlyreferstotheclassifierwithhighpredictionaccuracy.() A:错B:对 答案:对 Amongthemanyimprovedboostingalgorithms,themostsuccessfuloneistheAdaBoost(adaptiveboosting)algorithmproposedbyYoavFreundofUniversityofCaliforniaSanDiegoandRobertSchapireofPrincetonUniversityin1996.() A:错B:对 答案:对 ThemostbasicpropertyofAdaBoostisthatitreducesthetrainingerrorcontinuouslyinthelearningprocess,thatis,theclassificationerrorrateonthetrainingdatasetuntileachweakclassifieriscombinedintothefinalidealclassifier.() A:错B:对 答案:对 ThemainpurposeofaddingregularizationtermintotheformulaofcalculatingstrongclassifieristopreventtheoverfittingofAdaBoostalgorithm,whichisusuallycalledstepsizeinalgorithm.() A:错B:对 答案:对 第十三章测试 ThecorelayerofSOFMneuralnetworkis(). A:inputlayerB:hiddenlayer C:outputlayerD:competitionlayer 答案:competitionlayer Inordertodividetheinputpatternsintoseveralclasses,thedistancebetweeninputpatternvectorsshouldbemeasuredaccordingtothesimilarity.()areusuallyused. A:EuclideandistancemethodB:Cosinemethod C:SinemethodD:Euclideandistancemethodandcosinemethod 答案:Euclideandistancemethodandcosinemethod SOFMneuralnetworksaredifferentfromotherartificialneuralnetworksinthattheyadoptcompetitivelearningratherthanbackwardpropagationerrorcorrectionlearningmethodsimilartogradientdescent,andinasense,theyuseneighborhoodfunctionstopreservetopologicalpropertiesofinputspace.() A:对B:错 答案:对 ForSOFMneuralnetwork,thecompetitivetransferfunction(CTF)responseis0forthewinningneurons,and1forotherneurons.() A:错B:对 答案:错 Whentheinputpatterntothenetworkdoesnotbelongtoanypatterninthenetworktrainingsamples,SOFMneuralnetworkcanonlyclassifyitintotheclosestmode.() A:对B:错 答案:对 第十四章测试 Theneuralnetworktoolboxcontains()modulelibraries. A:threeB:six C:fiveD:four 答案:five The"netprod"inthenetworkinputmodulecanbeusedfor(). A:dotmultiplicationB:dotdivision C:additionorsubtraction D:dotmultiplicationordotdivision 答案:dotmultiplicationordotdivision The"dotrod"intheweightsettingmoduleisanormaldotproductweightfunction.() A:错B:对 答案:错 Themathematicalmodelofsingleneuronisy=f(wx+b).() A:错B:对 答案:对 Theneuronmodelcanbedividedintothreeparts:inputmodule,transferfunctionandoutputmodule.() A:对B:错 答案:对 第十五章测试 Inlarge-scalesystemsoftware |
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