Arduino/stm32数据采集并使用python实时绘图

#Arduino/stm32数据采集并使用python实时绘图| 来源: 网络整理| 查看: 265

准备软硬件：

1.开发板：Nucleo F767Zi

2. Arduino（安装stm32duino扩展开发板）

3. Python3，pySerial

Arduino开发轻量级的STM32应用非常方便，本文使用stm32duino官方的一个读取内部温度传感器的例子，通过串口每隔1s打印一组数据，烧写进stm32f767zi板子的代码为：

#include "stm32yyxx_ll_adc.h" /* Values available in datasheet */ #define CALX_TEMP 25 #if defined(STM32F1xx) #define V25 1430 #define AVG_SLOPE 4300 #define VREFINT 1200 #elif defined(STM32F2xx) || defined(STM32F4xx) && !defined(__LL_ADC_CALC_VREFANALOG_VOLTAGE) #define V25 760 #define AVG_SLOPE 2500 #define VREFINT 1210 #endif /* Analog read resolution */ #define LL_ADC_RESOLUTION LL_ADC_RESOLUTION_12B #define ADC_RANGE 4096 //#define ATEMP // the setup routine runs once when you press reset: void setup() { // initialize serial communication at 9600 bits per second: Serial.begin(9600); while (!Serial); analogReadResolution(12); } static int32_t readVref() { #ifdef __LL_ADC_CALC_VREFANALOG_VOLTAGE return (__LL_ADC_CALC_VREFANALOG_VOLTAGE(analogRead(AVREF), LL_ADC_RESOLUTION)); #else return (VREFINT * ADC_RANGE / analogRead(AVREF)); // ADC sample to mV #endif } #ifdef ATEMP static int32_t readTempSensor(int32_t VRef) { #ifdef __LL_ADC_CALC_TEMPERATURE return (__LL_ADC_CALC_TEMPERATURE(VRef, analogRead(ATEMP), LL_ADC_RESOLUTION)); #elif defined(__LL_ADC_CALC_TEMPERATURE_TYP_PARAMS) return (__LL_ADC_CALC_TEMPERATURE_TYP_PARAMS(AVG_SLOPE, V25, CALX_TEMP, VRef, analogRead(ATEMP), LL_ADC_RESOLUTION)); #else return 0; #endif } #endif static int32_t readVoltage(int32_t VRef, uint32_t pin) { return (__LL_ADC_CALC_DATA_TO_VOLTAGE(VRef, analogRead(pin), LL_ADC_RESOLUTION)); } // the loop routine runs over and over again forever: void loop() { // print out the value you read: int32_t VRef = readVref(); Serial.printf("VRef(mv)= %i", VRef); #ifdef ATEMP Serial.printf("\tTemp(°C)= %i", readTempSensor(VRef)); #endif #ifdef AVBAT Serial.printf("\tVbat(mv)= %i", readVoltage(VRef, AVBAT)); #endif Serial.printf("\tA0(mv)= %i\n", readVoltage(VRef, A0)); delay(1000); }

电脑端python通过pyserial接收串口数据，并且在matplotlib交互模式下动态绘图：

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- """ Created on Fri Jun 4 10:47:23 2021 @author: Wenqing Zhou ([email protected]) @github: https://github.com/ouening """ import serial import matplotlib.pyplot as plt import datetime plt.rcParams.update({ "font.family": "serif", "font.serif": ["Times New Roman"], #Times New Roman "font.size":11, "legend.fancybox": False, "legend.frameon": True, "legend.framealpha": 1.0, "legend.shadow": False, "legend.facecolor": 'white', "legend.edgecolor": 'none', # 'none', 0.8 "legend.fontsize": "small", # {'xx-small', 'x-small', 'small', 'medium', 'large', 'x-large', 'xx-large'} "text.usetex": False, }) count = 0 x = [] y = [] data = {} def process_dataline(data:str): ''''VRef(mv)= 3304\tTemp(°C)= 41\tVbat(mv)= 834\tA0(mv)= 252''' d = [] # [VRef, Temp, Vbat, A0] line_split = line.split('\t') for l in line_split: k, v = l.split('=') k, v = k.strip(), v.strip() d.append(float(v)) return d[1:] plt.ion() # plt.legend(labels=['VRef', 'Temp', 'Vbat', 'A0']) while 1: plt.clf() with serial.Serial('COM3', 9600, timeout=1.0) as ser: line = ser.readline().decode(encoding='utf-8') if line.startswith('VRef'): line = line.replace('\n', '').replace(' ','') d = process_dataline(line) count+=1 # 只存储100个数据 if (len(x)==100) and (len(y)==100): x.pop(0) y.pop(0) x.append(datetime.datetime.now()) # add timestamp y.append(d[0]) # add temperature print('Temp,Vbat,A0,count',d,count) plt.plot(x,y) plt.gcf().autofmt_xdate() plt.xlabel('time') plt.ylabel('Temperature') plt.legend(labels=['Temp',]) plt.grid('on') plt.show() plt.pause(0.01) #需要添加这行代码，不然使用脚本本代码的时候绘图会一直在阻塞

最后效果如下：

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