连续重力观测站测定的中国大陆潮汐因子空间分布特征

The spatial characteristics of tidal variation can be used to study the influence of earth shape，surface deformation and the force characteristics of the different positions on the Earth. Restricted by the number of Continuous Relative Gravimeter (CRG)，the accuracy of the tidal observation and theoretical models，the tidal observation conditions have not been improved until around the 21st century. In this paper，based on the data of 51 continuous relative gravimeters from 2015 to 2017，the spatial distribution of main tide waves' tidal factor has been calculated by international standard tidal processing software and methods. In order to discuss the relationship between the spatial feature of tidal factor，the topography and geophysics，the East-West and the North-South gravity tidal profiles in China have been analyzed with Global Relief Model (ETOPO1) of 1'×1' and World Gravity Model (WGM2012) of 2'×2'. It is shown that，①More than 90% of the Root Mean Square (RMS) of M2 tidal factor is better than 0.001. The accuracy of CRG is comparable to that of the Superconducting Gravimeter (SG) in 1980s-1990s. The tidal factors of O1 and K1 waves in coastal stations are larger than those in inland stations，and corrected by same-sit atmosphere and Ocean Tidal Load (OTL) in Global Ocean Map (Nao99b) and Region Ocean Map (Nao99jb)，the tidal factor feature at coastal stations is accounted for the OTL. ②The East-West M2 wave tidal profile of Shiquanhe，Yushu，Songpan，Huang-mei，Sheshan in Shanghai shows that，when the difference of evelation and Bouguer Gravity Anomaly (BGA) is more than 4 500 m and 600×10-5 m/s2，the difference of tidal factor in M2 can be larger than 2%. Moreover the tide factors are positively correlated with the elevation. ③About 1.0%~1.5% tidal factor variation of M2 also can be acquired in the North-South gravity tidal profile of Menglian，Yinchuan，Wujia River. ④Comparing the elevation and the tidal factors，it is found that the elevation of inland stations has more than 40% positive correlation with the tidal factor in M2 and O1. It is a useful reference for studying heterogeneity and dynamic deformation response in China.

Keywords： The spatial characteristics of tidal factor ; Earth body tide model by Dehant， Defraigne and Wahr ; World Gravity Model in 2012 ; Gravity tidal profile in China ; Altitude effection