论文「讨论和结论」还不会写？只需 8 步包教包会（附例句模板）

每一篇研究论文都是独一无二的，论文的具体结构也会根据其研究领域和期刊要求有所区别。然而，诸多英文学术论文往往有着共通的标准文章结构以及对应的章节，这些章节内容也是广大医学及生命科学相关领域研究者们在准备期刊投稿时的核心内容。

其中讨论和结论（Discussion and Conclusion）章节，往往是科研小白们最为头疼的一部分。高质量的英文期刊论文在这一部分，需要向读者明确指出「本研究的结果意味着什么」这一关键内容。这就对写作者的英文写作思维和英语表达有了更高的要求。

Taylor & Francis 将结合具体的例句和模板，手把手带您攻克这一英文论文写作难题，助您提升英文学术写作能力。只要简单 8 步，即可搞定最难攻克的讨论和结论（Discussion & Conclusion）章节写作。

第一步：按照重要性从高到低的顺序来讨论研究结果。The results highlight that…

The most obvious finding to emerge from this study is that …

Another major finding is that …

The research has also shown that …

第二步：将本研究的结果与其他研究的结果进行比较。它们的结论是否一致？如果不一致，需要进一步阐释导致这一不同的可能原因。

The result supported the recent study in X which reported that…

This finding is consistent with that of X who …

Comparison of the findings with those of other studies confirms …

This also accords with our earlier observations, which showed that …

These results corroborate the findings of a great deal of the previous work in …

Consistent with the literature, this research found that participants who reported using X also …This finding is contrary to previous studies which have suggested that …

In contrast to earlier findings, however, no evidence of X was detected.

The overall level was found to be x%, lower than that of previously reported levels.

The levels observed in this investigation are far below those observed by X.

第三步：探讨并尽可能解释那些在现阶段暂时无法确定结论的研究结果。最好还能够提出为了进一步澄清结果所需的额外实验建议。

There are several possible explanations for this result.

An alternative explanation for this result is that it is due to …

It is difficult to explain this result, but it might be related to …

These relationships may partly be explained by …

It seems possible that these results are due to …

There are two likely causes for the differences between …

Since this difference has not been found elsewhere it is probably not due to …

A further study could assess the long-term effects of …

What is now needed is a cross-national study involving …

Considerably more work will need to be done to determine …

The issue of X is an intriguing one which could be usefully explored in further research.

图 1 Discussion 部分范例

第四步：简单描述研究的局限性。虽然主动指出自身问题这一举动听起来有点冒险，但这可以向审稿人和读者表明您已经充分考虑到研究的缺陷，体现出您对自己的研究有着深入、客观的思考，这反而能给编辑和审稿人留下更好的印象。

The major limitation of this study is the …

One major caveat of the current study is that…

It is unfortunate that the study did not include …

The study is limited by the lack of information on …

The main weakness of this study was the paucity of …

An issue that was not addressed in this study was whether…

第五步：讨论您的研究对于同一领域的研究者、其他领域的研究者、以及公众来说有着怎样的价值和意义，并指出您的研究结果如何能被实际应用。

These findings suggest several courses of action for …

The findings of this study have a number of important implications for future practice.

Another important practical implication is that …

A reasonable approach to tackle this issue could be to …

A key policy priority should therefore be to plan for the long-term care of …

第六步：明确您的研究如何拓展了现有研究成果。

This thesis has provided a deeper insight into …

The findings reported here shed new light on …

These results add to the rapidly expanding field of …

The contribution of this study has been to confirm …

This project is the first comprehensive investigation of …

The insights gained from this study may be of assistance to …

This work contributes to existing knowledge of X by providing …

The analysis of X undertaken here, has extended our knowledge of …

This approach will prove useful in expanding our understanding of how …

第七步：如果您的发现只是初步的研究结果，需要指出进一步的研究建议。

Several questions remain unanswered at present.

Additional research is needed to better understand the …

A further study with more focus on X is therefore suggested.

There is abundant room for further progress in determining …

Future studies on the current topic are therefore recommended.

Further work is needed to develop reliable analytical methods for …

To develop a full picture of X, additional studies will be needed that …

第八步：最后，再次陈述您的主要结论。

This study has identified …

These experiments confirmed that …

This study has found that generally …

The results of this investigation show that …

图 2 Conclusion 部分范例

除了清晰的文章结构，对于医学及生命科学相关领域的高质量论文，能够以专业的领域术语、准确的语义翻译、规范的格式布局以及直观的图表设计，充分表述实验数据和严密的分析论证同样至关重要。

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图 3 Taylor & Francis 编辑润色后的稿件范例

同时，为了应对医学及生命科学相关领域学者们的全方位需求，Taylor & Francis 英语为母语的资深编辑和各科研领域的业内专家还可以为您提供专业的科学润色、翻译加编辑、格式调整、相似度检查、图表制作和快速技术审核等一系列服务。

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图 4 Taylor & Francis 帮助用户成功发表 SCI

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