英语基础很差，怎么准备考研英语？

学习英语，你要从七个方面基础去着手学习。

提升英语学习及其成绩的方法要抓住七项:

①朗读默写（包括音标、单词、词组和句子）→reading aloud and writing from memory（including international phonetic symbol, word, phrase and sentence）；

②翻译（中英互译）→translating（Chinese into English or English to Chinese）；

③听写→ taking dictation；

④英语造句→making a sentence in English；

⑤复述英语→retelling something in English；

⑥学习语法后作词法和句法的练习题→morphology- and syntax-related exercises to do in after English gramme to learn；

⑦写英语作文（= 英语思维写英语+①至⑥的功底知识）→ writing English composition（in logically-based thought pushed from basic knowledge about from No. ① to ⑥）。

①-⑥内容都是扎扎实实地学习英语知识的主观题教学。如此⑦项学生写作英语作文自然不会被判卷老师扣分的。整体英语水提高更是无问题且英语作文水平提高得高分。

目前①-⑥教学内容几乎完全被忽视变成了“选择、填空题”方式教学所代替了……造成学生没少花时间学习的英语知识虚多实少，对这种英语教学情况下考生写作的英语作文，判卷老师不扣考生的分数才怪呢？！现在唯一保留的⑦项的作文主观题，没有被“扼杀”在选择和填空题中。现在如果这些①-⑥主观应用型的题型得到恢复而取消选择、填空题，那么学生考试就不会“瞎猜瞎蒙”或“投机取巧”，就避免出现副作用——最终不会应用英语了。

如果填空选择题的副作用完全消失而恢复采用①-⑥方法教学英语，则有利于学生应用能力的培养。很显然，几乎每个题型都是应用型的。考这些题，学生平常也就自然而然地学这些、练这些，最后有利于学生英语水平全面提升，特别是英语写作轻松搞定得高分，是毫无疑问的。如此整体英语水平提高更是无问题，且英语作文质量升高分数，以至得满分。

为了配合①-⑥英语学习，还要在三个方面的内容具体展开学习如下。

英语学习内容具体有如下三方面：㈠学习英语是背诵多少英文句式而不是专注背诵多少英文单词；㈡学习英语国际音标助力英语大考听力提升分数；㈢使用英语逻辑思维写作英语得高分。

第㈠方面，学习英语不是背诵多少英文单词而是多少英文句式。英文句式有五个加扩展句如下：

1.主语+系动词+主语补足语（表语）；2.主语+谓语（+状语）；3.主语+谓语+宾语；4.主语+谓语+直宾+间宾；5.主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语；6.以上1到5句子的扩展句子。

上述1-6项句型，配有多种例句，从英语课本或英语字典均找到。由五个句型所组成及其扩展句的句式掌握了，单词数量就多了。这么算下来单词量就多得不得了了能满足你的需求了。单词离不开英语句式——天天说周周说月月说的是：你掌握了多少英语句式会写会背，最重要的是会用多少英文句式了。你如把所有句式及扩展句子都是会使用了则就无障碍看大考英语完型、阅读与理解回答问题了！其中就没有必要纠结“背单词背单词”的问题了。

为什么还抓住“多少词量”指标，来衡量无障碍看大考英语文章呢？其实你抓“西瓜 ”芝麻不想要都朝你靠拢，所以抓大放小，小不肯“走”。学习英语顺序——句式、单词（包括名词、动词、形容词、介词、连词、副词等等）。单词一定从句子中学、句从段中学、段从文章学。

第㈡方面，学习英语国际音标，助力英语大考听力提升分数，大考考生可参考如下三点建议：

第一点，你得把元音与辅音的定义以及发音的口腔动作的文字定义内容，必须得反复地读若干遍。包括前元音，后元音，清辅音和浊辅音、鼻孔音、舌侧音等，这些音都要按照定义一个一个地去研究与思考，然后再读。

第二点，音标的元音、辅音进行配合地读，其方法是：你画一个坐标系，把元音各音标从左到右列在横坐标轴上；把辅音各音标从上到下，列在纵坐标轴上。然后找到坐标系中的任何一个点，由此点再找出对应的纵横坐标轴上分别对应的那个辅音和元音构成的音节拼读，这个拼读就是上述的坐标系上的所指定的那个点的所读的音节。

第三点，把字母组合跟音标的对应关系，找准确了。这样也容易拼写更容易记单词，自己在这个基础上听词典上那个带发音的那些单词或者听什么英剧，美剧。这样你就有理论支撑来听，或者跟外国人或者跟英语老师直接的对话，为此对方说的英语发音的音标，你就能够“抓”得住了，你有理论支撑。自己在模仿你也有依据了，所以就大大加快你学习音标的速度，而且能够发音准确无误到位了。

至于学国际音标还是自然拼读法，我认为，考生还是学习英语国际音标发音，不要学习自然拼读为好。因为自然拼读法不能100%覆盖英语国际音标，即不能覆盖的若干%比，就是读音读得不正确了。建议学英语国际音标后学（或不学）自然拼读法。

其中两个理由如同：⑴学唱歌，必须学简谱或学五线谱，而不能依靠学自然唱歌；⑵学汉语朗读或说话，就必须学汉语拼音，而不能依靠随意学自然说话包括各种方言等。

学好了英语国际音标，大考考生可以得到两大受益：

第一，学好英语国际音标，考生有正确发音，才能正确地读句子、读课文儿，以至于背诵课文，由此有助于写出优秀英文作文；

第二，在大考听力考试中，考生可以尽量不丢分。其理由是：会英语国际音标，考生在听以英语为母语的人录音时，就有理论依据，不会凭借着自己平时发音的那种“印象——‘土味’英语”来听，所以避免了这种“印象”声音（拼音/自然拼读声音）干扰情况的发生。

第㈢方面，使用英语逻辑思维写作英语作文得高分。英语因为是逻辑语言，不是模板语言，逻辑是英语的灵魂。所以按照英语逻辑思维的四种思维方法写作英语作文，即：①一因一果，②一因多果，③多因一果，④多因多果。其表达的最基本的形式——以提示观点句为中心，左找原因，右找结果。这样一步一步推理写作英语作文——写出的英语作文就完全符合以英语为母语的人写作英语的标准了。为此英语写作步骤和实例作文分述如下：

写好大考英语作文，你需要考虑的思路是——根据主题，由四个部分所构成如下：

1说出主题；2主题产生的原因；3主题产生的结果；4达到这种结果应该采取什么措施，这四个问题阐述清楚了，就OK了。其表达形式是“2原因←1主题→3结果→4措施”

比如，1主题：“Tom爱学习中文”，2原因：你要说出什么原因促使你爱学中文：⑴、⑵、⑶…，3结果：还要说爱学中文有什么结果⑴、⑵、⑶…，4措施：你要说学好中文采取的措施是什么？⑴、⑵、⑶…，这就是写英语作文具体的提纲。

举一个实际例子：

1主题是“汤姆用中文表演节目感到兴奋”→Tom is excited about performance in Chinese.

2主题产生的原因是“为学习中国社会现代文化知识”→He acquires the modern-culture knowledge about the society in China.

3主题产生的结果是“因此在他看来,完美地说中文是有帮助的”→, that finds it helpful for him to speak perfectly in Chinese.

4达到这种结果的措施是“这样能用中文在中国公司发展一种坦诚交流的文化”→,…successful to develop a culture of open communication with Chinese Company in Chinese.

上述1主题、2原因、3结果和4措施的英语句子是怎么写出来的呢？请看如下说明：

1写主题句：使用五类逻辑句式之一单句→主 + 系+ 表 （表：形容词或动词+ ed 加 介词短语）→作为五类逻辑单句或每类有多个延伸句之一，即：→Tom is excited about performance in Chinese.→汤姆用中文表演节目感到兴奋。

2写原因句：使用五类逻辑句式之一单句→主+谓+宾+介词短语→作为五类逻辑单句或每类有多个延伸句之一，即：→He acquires the modern-culture knowledge about the society in China.→他学习中国社会现代文化知识。

3写结果句：使用五类逻辑句式之一单句→主+谓+宾（=名/代词+ to 动词）→作为五类逻辑单句或每类有多个延伸句之一，即：→, that finds it helpful for him to speak perfectly in Chinese.→在他看来,完美地说中文是有帮助的。

4写措施句：使用五类逻辑句式之一单句→主+谓+宾（=名/代词+ to 动词）→作为五类逻辑单句或每类有多个延伸句之一的简略式，即：→,…successful to develop a culture of open communication with Chinese Company in Chinese.→这样能用中文在中国公司成功发展一种坦诚交流的文化。

上述主题、原因、结果和措施的英语句子汇总如下：

Acquiring the modern-culture knowledge about the society in China, Tom is excited about performance in Chinese, that finds it helpful for him to speak perfectly in Chinese and successful to develop a culture of open communication with Chinese Company in Chinese.（为学习中国社会现代文化知识，汤姆用中文表演节目感到兴奋。因此在他看来,完美地说中文是有帮助的,这样能用中文在中国公司成功发展一种坦诚交流的文化。）这种逻辑推理式写作英语作文提纲的道理是——英语是逻辑语言，逻辑就是推理。

类似写英语作文的提纲，如写其他主题也是如此。写作以“为考上一所好高中，我决定不玩手机了” 为题，“我”给笔友TOM写英文电子邮件告诉他这件事。

使用“原因句+提示句+结果句”模式，即“因为…所以…”模式写出英语表达——内容、思维、逻辑和语法，“四位一体”，便“有词儿写，有词儿知道怎么写”如下英语作文了。

分别写了两篇作文：（1）是中等水准；（2）中上等水准。

看（1）中等水准

Dear Tom,

How is everything going? Recently, I find it necessary for me to get ready for high-school entrance examination (H.E.E.) by acquiring too much knowledge about lessons honestly to give up the use of my smartphone at present.

This helps me make an important decision on trying to give up my smartphone. It waste my time, and it lets my eyes become bad. So I try my best to let it get out of my lives. I will never take my lessons until at later time in which to concentrate more on smartphone, without giving up halfway.

All the best !

Yours

Li Hua

看（2）中上等水准

Dear Tom,

Being your friend as one of high-school students, I write you a letter telling you about an important decision I made on giving up the use of my smartphone at present.

Thinking about this, you are likely to find it necessary for me to get ready for high-school entrance examination (H.E.E.) by acquiring too much knowledge about lessons honestly.

Smartphone is expected to be without the influence on me, that helps save so much time for me to work hard at studying lessons, on which to bring me to focus automatically in H.E.E., not always in pleasure or relaxation.

Without making me uneasy about neither reading some message nor receiving news by watching videos，all，from my smartphone in the beginning, I am always asking my teachers for questions about such lessons as Math, Chemistry or English, etc. and discussing them with my classmates.

Combining with this, at home, I have my smartphone kept in their closet or drawer which my parents are enabled to put in key, according to their views.

The above encourages me to achieve a well-ideal goal successfully of being one of high-school students days to come surely.

All the best !

Yours

Li Hua

上述中等水准和中上等水准英语作文，均用逻辑思维法写作出来，这样避免“模板套作痕迹”出现，有助于大考判（阅）卷老师给考生——提档次升分数！

要做到被升档次加分数，考生就不能把提示翻译出来再加个模板写作英语作文了。逻辑思维是英文写作把很多背后的知识，如提示句背后涵义内容得挖掘出来，像是原因和结果或措施等。

如果不知道逻辑思维知识，只能把若干个提示直接翻译（“成活率”难说）最后只能再“凑”很多虚的模板了事，因此不能称之为英语作文。

英文逻辑思维写作之原理：英文是逻辑语言，逻辑是英语的灵魂，它不是模板语言。现在模板套作把学生宝贵时间和巨大努力都白白浪费掉了。

因此四种逻辑思维循环使用，是英语写作得高分管用（非常“解渴”）的办法。

由此看来，英语作文必然出现创新成果，如上（2）中上等水准英文。这样才能凝聚起英语写作内容和逻辑匹配的价值和精彩。

上述英语学习抓住七项方法的理论及其学习操作三方法，如变成习惯成自然的现实，则考生再写作高级的英语作文也就不成问题了（以下高级作文考生可以先不看）。例如：

以“从外国人喜欢生活在中国，看中国改革开放”为题写作英语作文如下。

Hello Tom, My classmate,

In reply to you on your e-mail days before expressing the hope that you together with you friends would stay for living in China, I write you a letter by e-mail telling you about information on foreign friends whose views are to discuss or share about to live or to be at work in China, reportedly.

Its up-to-date development makes Chinese cities modernly and increasingly attractive to foreigners, economically and socially. They are interested in locally excellently-accepted custom and practice looking suitable to their desire.

They are well in the comfortably-living condition that proves convenient for them to live a life, keeps them safe physically and mentally and appears pleased by their confidence in China, where people are always friendly towards foreigners going on the really enjoyable trip to interesting and sight-seeing places at leisure time to their delight.

So pleasantly will foreign friends live in China that, seen to buy them goods as garmentsbeing good in design and quality and cheap in price, they enjoy having something delicious to eat well healthily. For these, they feel it convenient for them to pay money by Ali-pay in use of mobile-phone rather than in cash.

This helps them approach to share joy not only at keeping them convenient in daily life, but watching Chinese Square Dancing become immensely favourable with foreign friends. Taichi and Chinese GONGFU are with them, too.

Compared with these, an on-water-sporting game is interesting to foreigners, for example, the personally-driving cruiser going on the large lake in Water Park, Tianjin, China.

Their stay in China enables them to think it safe to walk up street towards home at 2:00 in the morning, without the fear about special crime involving. With them Chinese people are friendly very genuinely. So are policemen, and they are not possibly with a foreigner who is charged with crime, of course.

All local people inclusive of you as foreigners living legally in China would buy you bicycle-sharing service that is low in price and excellent in quality. You find it convenient to a tourist who take a trip from one sightseeing place to another by high-speed train, that travels from Beijing to Guangzhou, from Shanghai to Tibet, and Nanjing to Chengdu or Guilin, etc. This is to do without having been made too much expensive in your cost.

The good time lasts days, months and years when the delicious dishes are to serve greatly excellently such as hot-pot food. Arriving at a city, you would take a taxi conveniently by mobile phone to go where you would. You are allowed to pay money, by Ali-pay app, not in cash if any, for doing some shopping locally.

Having delivered to you by express mail, goods are regarded as being good in quality, after purchase. This brings daily-life-living cost not to get increasingly expensive too much.

As they are already prepared to believe, most foreigners here would like to acquire a lot knowledge about the Chinese language to enjoy living in China, where Chinese citiese cities are of most modern internationalization with high-store buildings here and there.

I look forward to your living in China in the coming days.

Yours Sincerely,

Bao-cai, LIU

One of your classmates

高级英语写作已知条件是：你曾留学国外学校的国外同学Tom及其朋友想来中国生活，你告诉他们三点：1中国现状；2吃、住、行情况；3消费支出使用移动支付工具很便捷等信息。

总结：

提升英语成绩，你只要抓住七项英语学习法：

①朗读默写（包括音标、单词、词组和句子）→reading aloud and writing from memory（including international phonetic symbol, word, phrase and sentence）；

②翻译（中英互译）→translating（Chinese into English or English to Chinese）；

③听写→ taking dictation；

④英语造句→making a sentence in English；

⑤复述英语→retelling something in English；

⑥学习语法后作词法和句法的练习题→morphology- and syntax-related exercises to do in after English gramme to learn；

⑦写英语作文（= 英语思维写英语+①至⑥的功底知识）→ writing English composition（= in logically-based thought pushed from basic knowledge about from No. ① to ⑥）。

为配合上述七项英语学习方法的规矩，学生还要具体操作三种学习方法的规矩：㈠学习英语是背诵多少英文句式而不是专注背诵多少英文单词；㈡学习英语国际音标助力英语大考听力提升分数；㈢使用英语逻辑思维写作英语得高分。

期待这些给大考生带来：称心如意得高分！如此避免“选择、填空题……”等题瞎猜瞎蒙的情况发生，解决“学生究竟怎么学习英语才能提升英语成绩？”之问题。

总之，学生大考英语不丢分，就要知道英语学习的这些规矩！