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Trunk 实现跨交换机 VLAN 通信
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当网络中有多台交换机时，位于不同交换机上的相同VLAN的主机之间时如何通信的呢？我们使用Trunk实现跨交换机VLAN通信。还有以太网通道的操作哦。 实验拓扑
两台交换机直连，每台下面再连接两台VPC，划分VLAN，地址规划如下： 名称接口VLAN地址PC1SW1-f1/0vlan 10192.168.10.10/24PC2SW1-f1/1vlan 20192.168.10.20/24PC3SW2-f1/0vlan 10192.168.10.30/24PC4SW2-f1/1vlan 20192.168.10.40/24 配置方法 SW1(config)#interface fastEthernet 1/2 SW1(config-if)#switchport mode trunk SW1(config-if)#switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q SW1(config-if)#end 配置过程 交换机划分 VLAN SW1 SW1#conf t SW1(config)#no ip routing SW1(config)#vlan 10,20 SW1(config-vlan)#ex SW1(config)#int f1/0 SW1(config-if)#sw m a SW1(config-if)#sw a v 10 SW1(config-if)#ex SW1(config)#int f1/1 SW1(config-if)#sw m a SW1(config-if)#sw a v 20 SW1(config-if)#ex SW1(config)#do show vlan-sw b VLAN Name Status Ports ---- -------------------------------- --------- ------------------------------- 1 default active Fa1/2, Fa1/3, Fa1/4, Fa1/5 Fa1/6, Fa1/7, Fa1/8, Fa1/9 Fa1/10, Fa1/11, Fa1/12, Fa1/13 Fa1/14, Fa1/15 10 VLAN0010 active Fa1/0 20 VLAN0020 active Fa1/1 1002 fddi-default act/unsup 1003 token-ring-default act/unsup 1004 fddinet-default act/unsup 1005 trnet-default act/unsup SW2 SW2#conf t SW2(config)#no ip routing SW2(config)#vlan 10,20 SW2(config-vlan)#ex SW2(config)#int f1/0 SW2(config-if)#sw m a SW2(config-if)#sw a v 10 SW2(config-if)#ex SW2(config)#int f1/1 SW2(config-if)#sw m a SW2(config-if)#sw a v 20 SW2(config-if)#ex SW2(config)#do show vlan-sw b VLAN Name Status Ports ---- -------------------------------- --------- ------------------------------- 1 default active Fa1/2, Fa1/3, Fa1/4, Fa1/5 Fa1/6, Fa1/7, Fa1/8, Fa1/9 Fa1/10, Fa1/11, Fa1/12, Fa1/13 Fa1/14, Fa1/15 10 VLAN0010 active Fa1/0 20 VLAN0020 active Fa1/1 1002 fddi-default act/unsup 1003 token-ring-default act/unsup 1004 fddinet-default act/unsup 1005 trnet-default act/unsup 配置 Trunk SW1 SW1(config)#interface fastEthernet 1/2 SW1(config-if)#switchport mode trunk SW1(config-if)#switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q SW1(config-if)#end 查询验证 SW1#show interfaces fastEthernet 1/2 switchport Name: Fa1/2 Switchport: Enabled Administrative Mode: trunk Operational Mode: trunk Administrative Trunking Encapsulation: dot1q Operational Trunking Encapsulation: dot1q Negotiation of Trunking: Disabled Access Mode VLAN: 0 ((Inactive)) Trunking Native Mode VLAN: 1 (default) Trunking VLANs Enabled: ALL Trunking VLANs Active: 1,10,20 Protected: false Priority for untagged frames: 0 Override vlan tag priority: FALSE Voice VLAN: none Appliance trust: none SW2 SW2(config)#int f1/2 SW2(config-if)#sw m t SW2(config-if)#sw t e d SW2(config-if)#do show int f1/2 switchport Name: Fa1/2 Switchport: Enabled Administrative Mode: trunk Operational Mode: trunk Administrative Trunking Encapsulation: dot1q Operational Trunking Encapsulation: dot1q Negotiation of Trunking: Disabled Access Mode VLAN: 0 ((Inactive)) Trunking Native Mode VLAN: 1 (default) Trunking VLANs Enabled: ALL Trunking VLANs Active: 1,10,20 Protected: false Priority for untagged frames: 0 Override vlan tag priority: FALSE Voice VLAN: none Appliance trust: none PING 测试 PC1 PC1> ip 192.168.10.10 Checking for duplicate address... PC1 : 192.168.10.10 255.255.255.0 PC1> ping 192.168.10.20 host (192.168.10.20) not reachable PC1> ping 192.168.10.30 84 bytes from 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=1.876 ms 84 bytes from 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=1.853 ms 84 bytes from 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=1.992 ms 84 bytes from 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=0.000 ms 84 bytes from 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=5 ttl=64 time=1.853 ms PC1> ping 192.168.10.40 host (192.168.10.40) not reachable PC1 PING PC3 抓包 在SW1的F1/0接口开启抓包
数据包在出交换机时被打上vlan 10的标签。 PC2 PC2> ip 192.168.10.20 Checking for duplicate address... PC1 : 192.168.10.20 255.255.255.0 PC2> ping 192.168.10.10 host (192.168.10.10) not reachable PC2> ping 192.168.10.30 host (192.168.10.30) not reachable PC2> ping 192.168.10.40 84 bytes from 192.168.10.40 icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=1.992 ms 84 bytes from 192.168.10.40 icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=1.999 ms 84 bytes from 192.168.10.40 icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=1.870 ms 84 bytes from 192.168.10.40 icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=1.842 ms 84 bytes from 192.168.10.40 icmp_seq=5 ttl=64 time=1.846 ms PC2 PING PC4 抓包 在SW1的F1/1接口开启抓包
数据包在出交换机时被打上vlan 20的标签。 PC3 PC3> ip 192.168.10.30 Checking for duplicate address... PC1 : 192.168.10.30 255.255.255.0 PC3> ping 192.168.10.10 84 bytes from 192.168.10.10 icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=1.878 ms 84 bytes from 192.168.10.10 icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=1.849 ms 84 bytes from 192.168.10.10 icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=1.840 ms 84 bytes from 192.168.10.10 icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=1.842 ms 84 bytes from 192.168.10.10 icmp_seq=5 ttl=64 time=1.845 ms PC3> ping 192.168.10.20 host (192.168.10.20) not reachable PC3> ping 192.168.10.40 host (192.168.10.40) not reachable PC4 PC4> ip 192.168.10.40 Checking for duplicate address... PC1 : 192.168.10.40 255.255.255.0 PC4> ping 192.168.10.10 host (192.168.10.10) not reachable PC4> ping 192.168.10.20 84 bytes from 192.168.10.20 icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=1.962 ms 84 bytes from 192.168.10.20 icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=1.994 ms 84 bytes from 192.168.10.20 icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=1.981 ms 84 bytes from 192.168.10.20 icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=1.991 ms 84 bytes from 192.168.10.20 icmp_seq=5 ttl=64 time=1.965 ms PC4> ping 192.168.10.30 host (192.168.10.30) not reachable 以太网通道创建以太网通道可以增加链路的带宽，以及可靠性。 拓扑图在当前实验的基础上，在交换机之间增加一条链路。
验证以太网通道的可靠性，断开两个交换机的f1/2接口，查看连通性。事先使用PC1对PC3进行长PING。 断开接口 SW1(config-if-range)#ex SW1(config)#int f1/2 SW1(config-if)#sh SW1(config-if)# *Mar 1 01:05:35.947: %EC-5-UNBUNDLE: Interface Fa1/2 left the port-channel Po1 *Mar 1 01:05:35.995: %EC-5-BUNDLE: Interface Fa1/3 joined port-channel Po1 *Mar 1 01:05:36.451: %DTP-5-NONTRUNKPORTON: Port Fa1/2 has become non-trunk *Mar 1 01:05:36.491: %DTP-5-TRUNKPORTON: Port Fa1/3 has become dot1q trunk SW1(config-if)# *Mar 1 01:05:37.887: %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet1/2, changed state to administratively down SW1(config-if)# *Mar 1 01:05:37.947: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Port-channel1, changed state to up SW1(config-if)# *Mar 1 01:05:38.887: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet1/2, changed state to down *Mar 1 01:05:38.991: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet1/3, changed state to up SW2(config-if-range)#ex SW2(config)#int f1/2 SW2(config-if)#sh SW2(config-if)# *Mar 1 01:06:57.415: %EC-5-UNBUNDLE: Interface Fa1/2 left the port-channel Po1 *Mar 1 01:06:57.447: %EC-5-BUNDLE: Interface Fa1/3 joined port-channel Po1 *Mar 1 01:06:57.915: %DTP-5-NONTRUNKPORTON: Port Fa1/2 has become non-trunk *Mar 1 01:06:57.947: %DTP-5-TRUNKPORTON: Port Fa1/3 has become dot1q trunk SW2(config-if)# *Mar 1 01:06:59.375: %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet1/2, changed state to administratively down SW2(config-if)# *Mar 1 01:06:59.411: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Port-channel1, changed state to up SW2(config-if)# *Mar 1 01:07:00.375: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet1/2, changed state to down *Mar 1 01:07:00.443: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet1/3, changed state to up PING 测试 PC1> ping 192.168.10.30 -t 84 bytes from 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=1.975 ms 84 bytes from 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=1.866 ms 84 bytes from 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=1.849 ms 84 bytes from 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=0.978 ms 84 bytes from 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=5 ttl=64 time=1.851 ms 84 bytes from 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=6 ttl=64 time=1.842 ms 84 bytes from 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=7 ttl=64 time=1.896 ms 84 bytes from 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=8 ttl=64 time=1.879 ms 84 bytes from 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=9 ttl=64 time=1.877 ms 84 bytes from 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=10 ttl=64 time=1.853 ms 84 bytes from 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=11 ttl=64 time=1.988 ms 84 bytes from 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=12 ttl=64 time=1.846 ms 84 bytes from 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=13 ttl=64 time=1.839 ms 84 bytes from 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=14 ttl=64 time=1.996 ms 84 bytes from 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=15 ttl=64 time=1.847 ms 84 bytes from 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=16 ttl=64 time=1.862 ms 84 bytes from 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=17 ttl=64 time=1.847 ms 84 bytes from 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=18 ttl=64 time=1.886 ms 84 bytes from 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=19 ttl=64 time=1.849 ms 84 bytes from 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=20 ttl=64 time=1.844 ms 84 bytes from 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=21 ttl=64 time=1.886 ms 84 bytes from 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=22 ttl=64 time=1.844 ms 84 bytes from 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=23 ttl=64 time=1.889 ms 84 bytes from 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=24 ttl=64 time=1.858 ms 84 bytes from 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=25 ttl=64 time=1.965 ms 84 bytes from 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=26 ttl=64 time=1.842 ms 84 bytes from 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=27 ttl=64 time=1.848 ms 84 bytes from 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=28 ttl=64 time=1.997 ms 84 bytes from 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=29 ttl=64 time=1.843 ms 84 bytes from 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=30 ttl=64 time=1.972 ms 84 bytes from 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=31 ttl=64 time=1.847 ms 84 bytes from 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=32 ttl=64 time=1.844 ms 84 bytes from 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=33 ttl=64 time=0.968 ms 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=34 timeout 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=35 timeout 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=36 timeout 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=37 timeout 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=38 timeout 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=39 timeout 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=40 timeout 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=41 timeout 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=42 timeout 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=43 timeout 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=44 timeout 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=45 timeout 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=46 timeout 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=47 timeout 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=48 timeout 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=49 timeout 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=50 timeout 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=51 timeout 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=52 timeout 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=53 timeout 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=54 timeout 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=55 timeout 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=56 timeout 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=57 timeout 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=58 timeout 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=59 timeout 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=60 timeout 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=61 timeout 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=62 timeout 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=63 timeout 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=64 timeout 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=65 timeout 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=66 timeout 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=67 timeout 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=68 timeout 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=69 timeout 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=70 timeout 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=71 timeout 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=72 timeout 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=73 timeout 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=74 timeout 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=75 timeout 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=76 timeout 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=77 timeout 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=78 timeout 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=79 timeout 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=80 timeout 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=81 timeout 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=82 timeout 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=83 timeout 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=84 timeout 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=85 timeout 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=86 timeout 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=87 timeout 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=88 timeout 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=89 timeout 84 bytes from 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=90 ttl=64 time=1.846 ms 84 bytes from 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=91 ttl=64 time=1.982 ms 84 bytes from 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=92 ttl=64 time=1.840 ms 84 bytes from 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=93 ttl=64 time=1.849 ms 84 bytes from 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=94 ttl=64 time=1.841 ms 84 bytes from 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=95 ttl=64 time=1.846 ms 84 bytes from 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=96 ttl=64 time=1.841 ms 84 bytes from 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=97 ttl=64 time=1.861 ms 84 bytes from 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=98 ttl=64 time=0.844 ms 84 bytes from 192.168.10.30 icmp_seq=99 ttl=64 time=0.833 ms 最后这是关于使用Trunk实现跨交换机VLAN通信的实验，和以太网通道怎么创建方法。下一篇关于三层交换的实验。 |
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