2023年初中英语语法学习之动名词难点分析

资源简介

2023年初中英语语法学习之动名词难点分析动名词的被动形式和完成形式1）动名词有时需用被动形式，可作动词的宾语（a）或介词的宾语（b）：a．He hates being interrupted.他不愿意被人打断。He narrowly escaped being run over .他差点被车压了。I appreciate being given this opportunity.我很感谢给了我这个机会。I remembered being taken to Paris as a small child. 我记得小时候曾被带到巴黎。Grace resented being called a baby.格雷斯讨厌别人叫他小宝宝。He just missed being caught.他差点没被抓住。She disliked being spoken to like that. 她不喜欢别人对她这样讲话。We cannot help being touched by their zeal.我们禁不住被他们的热情所打动。b．I object to being spoken to like that.我反对别人对我这样讲话。He hoped to get out without being seen.他不希望不被人看见溜出来。All laws have to be submitted to Parliament for ratification before being put into force.所有法律在实施前均需提交议会批准。He ran away for fear of being hurt.他跑掉了，惟恐受到伤害。Who can prevent their plans from being carried out 谁能阻止他们那些计划的实现？She is far from being pleased about it.对此她很不满意。I’m not used to being treated like this.我不习惯受这种款待。She openly talked of having been let down.她公开谈到被人涮了。间或也可用作主语：It felt funny being called Grandma.被人称作奶奶怪怪的。Being lost can be a terrifying experience.迷路有时会很害怕。2）动名词有时需要完成形式，可作动词的宾语（a）或介词的宾语（b）：a．He denied having been there.他不承认到过那里。I could not recall having heard ahyone say that before.我不记得以前听人说过这话。I don’t recallect having seen him before.我不记得以前见过他。I regretted having left Montreal.我后悔离开了蒙特利尔。He reported having met only a cyclist.他报告说只碰到一个骑车的人。She admits having seen us.她承认见到了我们。I don’t remember having heared you say that.我不记得听你说过这话。b．He accused me of having broken my word.他指责我不守信用。We congratulated him on having passed the examination.我们祝贺他通过了考试。He was ashamed of having failed to pass the test.测试没通过他感到羞愧。Don’t be angry with me for not having written to you.我没给你写信，请别生气。After having had some practice,he decided to try again.经过一番练习，他决定再试一次。The safe showed no signs of having been touched.保险柜没有被人动过的痕迹。动名词的逻辑主语动名词的逻辑主语多用一个物主代词或名词所有格表示，可用在：a．主语前：Your coming to help is a great encouragement to me. 你们来帮忙对我是很大的鼓舞。Her going off in such a hurry is very risky.她这样匆忙离去很危险。Jane’s not having received proper training was to her disadvantage.简没受过适当训练对她是不利的。Your denying everything will get you nowhere.你否认一切不会对你有好处。It has been a great honour your coming to visit us.你来看我们真是不胜荣幸。It seems so strange your going like this.你这样去显得很奇怪。b．宾语前：I hate your going away.我不愿意你走掉。Forgive my(me) ringing you up so early.原谅我这么早给你打电话。You can’t prevent his(him) spending his own money. 你不能阻止他花自己的钱。I appreciate your giving me so much of your time. 感谢你为我花了这么多时间。I don’t remember my mother’s complaining about it. 我不记得我母亲抱怨过这事。She suggested his sending it to Tagore. .她建议他把它寄给泰戈尔。Excuse my opening your letter by mistake.请原谅我误拆了你的信。I can still recall your saying to me that you were going to be a lawyer.我还记得你曾对我说过你想当律师。c．介词宾语前：I strongly object to your saying that.我强烈反对你说这话。I’m fed up with your grumbling!你唧唧咕咕我都听烦了。I’m not surprised at your misunderstanding me.我并不为你误会我而感到奇怪。I never dreamt of its hurting you.我绝没有想到它会伤你的心。I have made no objection to his doing it.我对他这样做没表示反对。There was no chance of his getting scholarships.他没有机会得奖学金。Since my coming to London I have not been well.自从来到伦敦，我身体一直不舒服。They’re looking forward to Mary’s coming.他们都盼着玛丽来。在口语中，有时用名词或人称代词宾格表示动名词的逻辑主语：He didn’t mind Flora(her)leaving home.他不介意弗洛拉（她）离开家。I don’t remember my mother complaining about it.我不记得我母亲曾抱怨此事。I can’t understand him(his)leaving his wife.我不懂他为什么离开他的妻子。He resented me(my)being promoted before him.他怨恨我比他早升职。动名词构成的合成名词1）许多合成名词由“动名词+名词”构成：swimming pool 游泳池 swimming suit 游泳衣boxing competition 拳击比赛 speaking contest 演讲比赛sleeping bag 睡袋 sleeping pill 安眠药片writing desk 写字台 writing paper 信纸diving suit 潜水衣 diving board 跳板watering can 洒水壶 filling station 加油站drawing board 绘图板 drawing pin 图钉washing machine 洗衣机 washing powder 洗衣粉fishing pole （美）钓鱼竿 fishing line 钓鱼线drinking water 饮用水 drinking fountain 饮水台waiting room 候车（诊）室 waiting list 候选人名单parking lot(space) 停车场（位） parking meter 停车计时器checking account 活期账户 banking system 银行系统sewing machine 缝纫机 printing-press 印刷机hearing aid 助听器 operating table 手术台2）还有一类合成词由“形容词（名词）+动名词”构成：deep-ploughing 深耕 close-planing 密植physical training 体育（锻炼） job-hunting 找工作weight lifting 举重 sight seeing 观光window-shopping 逛商店（只看不买） tap dancing 踢跶舞air conditioning 空调 shadow boxing 打拳zebra crossing 斑马纹人行横道 data processing 数据处理food poisoning 食物中毒 family planning 计划生育water-skiing 滑水 house-warming 乔迁酒宴fire fighting 消防 ice-skating 滑冰money grabbing 不择手段的捞钱 roller skating 溜旱冰【注】有些动名词已成为名词，有些为不可数名boating 划船 bowling 打保龄球 yachting 乘坐游艇surfing 冲浪 dancing 跳舞 mountaineering 登山有些为可数名词：painting 画 saying 俗话 warning 警告meaning 意思 ending 结局 feeling 感觉有些甚至经常以复数形式出现：findings 调查结果 savings 积蓄 surroundings 环境sufferings 苦难 earnings 挣的钱 belongings 财物worth的用法worth，worthy，worth-while都为adj.　意为"值得"。1. worth： be worth + n.　 当名词为金钱时，表示"…… 值得……"　be worth doing sth.　"……某事值得被做"　　　The question is not worth discussing again and again.2. worthy：be worthy of +n.　当名词为抽象名词时表示"……值得……"　be worthy to be done "某事值得被做"　　　The question is not worthy to be discussed againand again.3. worth-while： be worth-while to do sth　 "值得做某事"　 worth while： It is worth while doing sth　　　　　　　　 It is worth while sb to do sth.典型例题It is not ____ to discuss the question again and again.A.worth　B.worthy　C.worth-while　D.worth while答案C. 由worth的用法可知，此句只适合词组be worth-while to do sth.。因此选C。64

展开更多......

收起↑