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一、安装MYSQL之前要先换源 二、安装MYSQL 1、安装 2、安装完成 3、安装后无法登陆 3.1 原因 3.2 登陆后切换database 3.3 修改密码(注意这里账号和密码是双引号) 3.4查看一下用户 3.5 然后进行刷新使得配置生效 3.6 退出 3.7 重启 三、mysql使用测试 四、QT编译MYSQL库 1.安装依赖包 2.修改MYSQL.PRO文件 3.修改QSQLDRIVERBASE.PRI文件 4.做qmake准备，否则会出错 5. 进行qmake和编译make 6. 复制编译的库文件 五、QT连接数据库 1、测试代码 2、出现问题 3、解决问题 3.1 查看加密方式 3.2 修改加密方式和用户密码 3.3 刷新授权表 3.4 测试连接 一、安装MYSQL之前要先换源1.备份系统之前的源，也可以不备份，将之前的源注释掉 cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak2.修改源文件/etc/apt/sources.list vim /etc/apt/sources.list将原来的内容删除，将下面的源内容粘贴上。 3.这里推荐比较好的两个国内源 3.1阿里源（arm64，速度快，推荐） deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu-ports/ xenial main deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu-ports/ xenial main deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu-ports/ xenial-updates main deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu-ports/ xenial-updates main deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu-ports/ xenial universe deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu-ports/ xenial universe deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu-ports/ xenial-updates universe deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu-ports/ xenial-updates universe deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu-ports/ xenial-security main deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu-ports/ xenial-security main deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu-ports/ xenial-security universe deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu-ports/ xenial-security universe3.2 华为源（arm64,速度快，二者选其一） deb https://repo.huaweicloud.com/ubuntu-ports/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse deb-src https://repo.huaweicloud.com/ubuntu-ports/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse deb https://repo.huaweicloud.com/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse deb-src https://repo.huaweicloud.com/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse deb https://repo.huaweicloud.com/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb-src https://repo.huaweicloud.com/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb https://repo.huaweicloud.com/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb-src https://repo.huaweicloud.com/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse ## Not recommended # deb https://repo.huaweicloud.com/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse # deb-src https://repo.huaweicloud.com/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse4.更新仓库 apt-get update4.1处理报错 可能出现报错 由于没有公钥，无法验证下列签名... 以下命令解决： sudo apt-key adv --recv-keys --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com 40976EAF437D05B5 3B4FE6ACC0B21F325.清除软件仓库缓存 apt-get clean6.更新软件仓库 apt-get update完成，可以安装MYSQL了 二、安装MYSQL 1、安装 sudo apt-get install mysql-server //服务端 sudo apt-get install mysql-client //客户端 sudo apt-get install libmysqlclient-dev //程序编译时链接的库 2、安装完成安装完成之后dpkg命令查看状态 dpkg -l | grep mysql输出以下信息则安装成功 ii mysql-client-5.7 5.7.39-0ubuntu0.18.04.2 arm64 MySQL database client binaries ii mysql-client-core-5.7 5.7.39-0ubuntu0.18.04.2 arm64 MySQL database core client binaries ii mysql-common 5.8+1.0.5 all MySQL database common files, e.g. /etc/mysql/my.cnf ii mysql-server 5.7.39-0ubuntu0.18.04.2 all MySQL database server (metapackage depending on the latest version) ii mysql-server-5.7 5.7.39-0ubuntu0.18.04.2 arm64 MySQL database server binaries and system database setup ii mysql-server-core-5.7 5.7.39-0ubuntu0.18.04.2 arm64 MySQL database server binaries使用如下命令启动mysql service mysql start启动后使用如下命令查看状态 sudo netstat -anp | grep mysql显示如下说明启动成功： tcp6 0 0 :::3306 :::* LISTEN 27608/mysqld unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 648125 27608/mysqld /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 648111 27608/mysqld使用命令进行登陆 mysql -u root -p输入密码，进行登陆，如果之前没有设置密码请看第3步 aaron@aaron-Raytine-PC:~$ mysql -u root -p Enter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 9 Server version: 5.7.30-0ubuntu0.18.04.1 (Ubuntu) Copyright © 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type ‘help;’ or ‘\h’ for help. Type ‘\c’ to clear the current input statement. mysql> 3、安装后无法登陆 3.1 原因原因一(大部分)： 你是root安装的： 在本机命令行下输入： mysql -uroot 就可以直接登录，然后修改用户名密码啥的 原因二： 使用mysql -u root -p命令但是不知道root密码是因为之前没有设置，这个时候进行环境配置，设置root密码。 1、首先，进行忽略密码登陆，打开配置文件 sudo vi /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf2、在最后加入skip-grant-tables # # Read the manual, too, if you want chroot! # chroot = /var/lib/mysql/ # # For generating SSL certificates I recommend the OpenSSL GUI "tinyca". # # ssl-ca=/etc/mysql/cacert.pem # ssl-cert=/etc/mysql/server-cert.pem # ssl-key=/etc/mysql/server-key.pem skip-grant-tables -- 插入 --3、保存退出 4、重启以下mysql服务 sudo service mysql stop sudo service mysql start 5、重新登陆 mysql -u mysql进行3.2步骤，所有步骤执行完注释掉skip-grant-tables 原因三：没有把之前的mysql卸载干净 彻底删除MySQL 在删除mysql前 须要先删除一下 /var/lib/mysql 还有 /etc/mysqlubuntu 先停止mysql服务 systemctl stop mysql须要输入如下几条命令 sudo rm /var/lib/mysql/ -R sudo rm /etc/mysql/ -R sudo apt-get autoremove mysql* --purge sudo apt-get remove apparmor确保没有mysql的文件夹可忽略此步骤 sudo find / -name mysql再次安装 sudo apt-get install mysql-server //服务端 sudo apt-get install mysql-client //客户端 sudo apt-get install libmysqlclient-dev //程序编译时链接的库 3.2 登陆后切换database登录 ~$ sudo mysql -u root -p Enter password:直接回车 Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 3 Server version: 5.7.39-0ubuntu0.18.04.2 (Ubuntu) Copyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql>换为database mysql> use mysql; Reading table information for completion of table and column names You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A Database changed mysql> 3.3 修改密码(注意这里账号和密码是双引号) mysql> update user set authentication_string=PASSWORD("123456") where user="root"; Query OK, 1 row affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec) Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 1 3.4查看一下用户 select user,host from mysql.user;出现以下信息则配置完成 mysql> select user,host from mysql.user; +------------------+-----------+ | user | host | +------------------+-----------+ | debian-sys-maint | localhost | | mysql.session | localhost | | mysql.sys | localhost | | root | localhost | +------------------+-----------+ 4 rows in set (0.00 sec) 3.5 然后进行刷新使得配置生效 flush privileges; 3.6 退出 quit 3.7 重启 sudo service mysql restart 三、mysql使用测试1、建立一个数据库 mysql> create database joyrun; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)2、查看当前数据库 mysql> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | joyrun | | mysql | | performance_schema | | sys | +--------------------+ 5 rows in set (0.00 sec)3、建立一个表 mysql> use joyrun Database changed mysql> create table tbl_run(id int,name varchar(5),primary key (id)); Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)4、查看表的结构 mysql> desc tbl_run; +-------+------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +-------+------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ | id | int(11) | NO | PRI | NULL | | | name | varchar(5) | YES | | NULL | | +-------+------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ 2 rows in set (0.00 sec)5、修改字节长度 mysql> alter table tbl_run modify column name varchar(20); Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0 mysql> desc tbl_run; +-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ | id | int(11) | NO | PRI | NULL | | | name | varchar(20) | YES | | NULL | | +-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ 2 rows in set (0.00 sec)6、现在表中不能添加中文字段，修改字符集后才可以 修改库字符集：alter database joyrun character set utf8; 修改表字符集：alter table tbl_run character set utf8; 修改字段字符集：alter table tbl_run change name name varchar(20) character set utf8;7、增加一条数据 mysql> insert into tbl_run (id,name) values (1,'xiaoming'); Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec) mysql> select * from tbl_run; +----+----------+ | id | name | +----+----------+ | 1 | xiaoming | +----+----------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) 四、QT编译MYSQL库 1.安装依赖包 sudo apt-get install openssl sudo apt-get install libssl-dev 2.修改MYSQL.PRO文件该文件在qt安装目录下，src中，别找错了，qt源码目录有几个src，在我的ubuntu上，是这个路径 qt-everywhere-src-5.11.3/qt-everywhere-src-5.11.3/qtbase/src/plugins/sqldrivers打开pro文件，将QMAKE_USE注释掉 TARGET = qsqlmysql HEADERS += $$PWD/qsql_mysql_p.h SOURCES += $$PWD/qsql_mysql.cpp $$PWD/main.cpp #QMAKE_USE += mysql OTHER_FILES += mysql.json PLUGIN_CLASS_NAME = QMYSQLDriverPlugin include(../qsqldriverbase.pri) 3.修改QSQLDRIVERBASE.PRI文件返回到上层目录 找到qsqldriverbase.pri文件，打开 将include(shadowed(shadowed(PWD)/qtsqldrivers-config.pri)注释掉并添加 #include($$shadowed($$PWD)/qtsqldrivers-config.pri) include($$shadowed($$PWD)/configure.pri) QT = core core-private sql-private # For QMAKE_USE in the parent projects. #include($$shadowed($$PWD)/qtsqldrivers-config.pri) include($$shadowed($$PWD)/configure.pri) PLUGIN_TYPE = sqldrivers load(qt_plugin) DEFINES += QT_NO_CAST_TO_ASCII QT_NO_CAST_FROM_ASCII 4.做qmake准备，否则会出错4.1修改头文件 首先使用命令sudo apt install default-libmysqlclient-dev 第二步使用sudo apt-get install libmariadbclient-dev命令，如果是这样，那么你在linux中就应该能引入头文件 第三步，修改qsql_mysql_p.h文件，#include 修改为#include #include #if defined (Q_OS_WIN32) #include #endif //#include #include #ifdef QT_PLUGIN #define Q_EXPORT_SQLDRIVER_MYSQL #else #define Q_EXPORT_SQLDRIVER_MYSQL Q_SQL_EXPORT #endif此步骤不执行会出现错误 mysql/qsql_mysql.cpp:57:10: fatal error: QtSql/private/qsqldriver_p.h: No such file or directory #include 4.2 执行 sudo apt-get install qtbase5-private-dev此步骤不执行会出现错误 qsql_mysql.cpp:55:10: fatal error: QtSql/private/qsqldriver_p.h: No such file or directory #include 5. 进行qmake和编译make qt-everywhere-src-5.11.3/qt-everywhere-src-5.11.3/qtbase/src/plugins/sqldrivers/mysql$ (源码路径)sudo qmake "INCLUDEPATH+=/usr/include/mysql" "LIBS+=-L/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/ -lmysqlclient" mysql.proqmake生成Makefile文件 sudo make 6. 复制编译的库文件 在/Qt安装目录qt-everywhere-src-5.11.3/qt-everywhere-src-5.11.3/qtbase/src/plugins/sqldrivers/plugins/sqldrivers 一个文件把它们拷贝到//usr/lib/aarch64-linux-gnu/qt5/plugins/sqldrivers aarch64-linux-gnu根据linux版本不同，选择也不同 五、QT连接数据库 1、测试代码QT连接mysql数据库测试代码如下， qDebug() |
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