Python 随机列表、集合、元组、字典的生成和排序

2024-01-12 07:36| 来源: 网络整理| 查看: 265

随机列表 >>> from random import randrange as rand >>> [rand(0,10) for i in range(8)] [3, 1, 0, 9, 2, 9, 9, 5] >>> [rand(0,10) for i in range(8)] [9, 2, 4, 9, 3, 4, 2, 8] >>> [rand(0,10) for i in range(8)] [7, 2, 2, 4, 5, 0, 1, 8] >>> [rand(0,10) for i in range(8)] [9, 1, 2, 0, 1, 5, 9, 0] >>> 列表排序 >>> from random import randrange as rand >>> listA=[rand(0,10) for i in range(8)] >>> listA [1, 2, 2, 4, 8, 6, 2, 9] >>> listB=sorted(listA) >>> listB [1, 2, 2, 2, 4, 6, 8, 9] >>> 随机集合 >>> from random import randrange as rand >>> {rand(0,10) for i in range(8)} {2, 3, 5, 6, 8, 9} >>> {rand(0,10) for i in range(8)} {0, 1, 3, 8, 9} >>> {rand(0,10) for i in range(8)} {0, 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8} >>> {rand(0,10) for i in range(8)} {0, 2, 3, 4} >>>

因为集合set不允许有重复值，这种方式生成实际上每次都有8个随机数生成，只是最后结果已去掉了重复数字，所以集合的元素个数也变随机的了。还有一点：这样生成的集合已是升序排列。

集合排序

直接对一个集合用sorted()排序会被强制转成列表的，用set()转回来即可。

>>> setA={5, 1, 9, 4, 2, 6, 3, 8} >>> sorted(setA) [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9] >>> set(sorted(setA)) {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9} >>> 随机元组

与上面用同样的表达式，只是[] {} 换作()，但是并没有得到想要的“随机元组”，意外的产品：迭代器

>>> from random import randrange as rand >>> (rand(0,10) for i in range(8)) >>> (rand(0,10) for i in range(8)) >>> g=(rand(0,10) for i in range(8)) >>> type(g) >>> for i in g: print(i) 6 8 9 7 5 3 9 9 >>>

用tuple()转换一下这个迭代器即可得到随机元组了：

>>> from random import randrange as rand >>> g=(rand(0,10) for i in range(8)) >>> tuple(g) (5, 0, 4, 7, 5, 9, 5, 9) >>> tuple(rand(0,10) for i in range(8)) (8, 3, 2, 5, 0, 7, 0, 9) >>> tuple(rand(0,10) for i in range(8)) (5, 8, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 4) >>> tuple(rand(0,10) for i in range(8)) (7, 8, 9, 0, 5, 8, 2, 2) >>> 元组排序

直接对它排序也被转成列表，也说得过去，因为元组的元素不可变，再用tuple()转回来即可。

>>> from random import randrange as rand >>> tupleA=tuple(rand(0,10) for i in range(8)) >>> tupleB=sorted(tupleA) >>> tupleB [0, 2, 2, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7] >>> tupleB=tuple(sorted(tupleA)) >>> tupleB (0, 2, 2, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7) >>> 随机字典

字典的键是唯一的，所以这样生成的键值对个数也是不定的。

>>> from random import randrange as rand >>> {rand(0,10):rand(0,10) for i in range(8)} {6: 7, 5: 3, 9: 0, 1: 9, 0: 5, 3: 6} >>> {rand(0,10):rand(0,10) for i in range(8)} {7: 2, 0: 2, 4: 7} >>> {rand(0,10):rand(0,10) for i in range(8)} {1: 7, 8: 8, 5: 6, 0: 4, 6: 6} >>> {rand(0,10):rand(0,10) for i in range(8)} {3: 6, 1: 6, 4: 4, 0: 1, 7: 5, 8: 5, 2: 7} >>> dictA={rand(0,10):rand(0,10) for i in range(8)} >>> type(dictA) >>>

固定键值对个数的生成法：

>>> from random import randrange as rand >>> {i+1:rand(0,10) for i in range(8)} {1: 1, 2: 6, 3: 3, 4: 9, 5: 4, 6: 4, 7: 6, 8: 3} >>> {i+1:rand(0,10) for i in range(8)} {1: 9, 2: 3, 3: 4, 4: 9, 5: 5, 6: 4, 7: 3, 8: 8} >>> 字典排序

直接对字典排序，只是生成一个升序的临时列表，字典本身并没有被排序。按那个临时列表的顺序，读取对应的键值即可生成升序字典了。

>>> from random import randrange as rand >>> dictA={rand(0,10):rand(0,10) for i in range(8)} >>> dictA {8: 8, 4: 9, 0: 2, 6: 6, 3: 9, 9: 0} >>> sorted(dictA) [0, 3, 4, 6, 8, 9] >>> dictA {8: 8, 4: 9, 0: 2, 6: 6, 3: 9, 9: 0} >>> dictB={i:dictA[i] for i in sorted(dictA)} >>> dictB {0: 2, 3: 9, 4: 9, 6: 6, 8: 8, 9: 0} >>> type(dictB) >>>

【本文地址】

公司简介

联系我们