基于相变材料的光伏电池板冷却：简化相变材料层优化和通用经济评估的数值模型,Journal of Cleaner Production

本文将PCM作为光伏应用中假定的冷却剂的应用。开发了一个简化的数值模型，以能够分析PV-PCM系统的预期效率提高以及PV面板工作温度的预期降低。使用现有文献中可用的实验数据验证了开发的模型，最大偏差范围为1％至3.1％。检查了具有不同熔化温度和潜热融合的不同PCM，以在给定的气候条件下确定适用于光伏面板的PCM。已经发现，从技术角度来看，PCM材料的应用是合理的，因为它可将PV面板的工作温度降低多达10.26°C，从而将效率提高多达3.73％。还讨论了PCM材料在基于PV-PCM的冷却中的经济方面的应用。已经发现，为了确保更可行的LCOE，必须大幅降低PCM材料的初始价格。因此，本文获得的分析表明，PCM材料可以大大降低PCM成本，并有效地管理PV-PCM系统，因此，PCM材料可以成为PV-PCM应用的有前途的选择。

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This paper deals with the application of PCM as the assumed coolant in the case of photovoltaic applications. A simplified numerical model was developed to be able to analyze the expected efficiency improvement of a PV-PCM system as well as the expected reduction of the PV panel's operating temperature. The developed model was validated with the available experimental data from existing literature with maximal deviation ranging from 1% to 3.1%. Different PCMs with different melting temperatures and latent heat fusion were examined to identify the suitable PCM for the PV panel for the given climatic conditions. It was found that the application of a PCM material is reasonable from a technical point of view, as it reduces the PV panel operating temperature by up to 10.26 °C and thus increases the efficiency by up to 3.73%. The economic aspect application of the PCM material for the PV-PCM based cooling was also addressed. It was found that a significant decrease in the initial price of the PCM material is necessary to ensure a more feasible LCOE. The herein obtained analysis showed therefore, that a PCM material could be a promising option for PV-PCM applications provided a significant drop in PCM's costs coupled with an efficient thermal management of the PV-PCM system.