自然拼读法（Phonics）如何学习？

自然拼读法(Phonics)基本规则

自然拼读法基本规则:

1. 二十六个字母的读音 (Letter Sounds).

l 五个元音字母(a, e, i, o, u), 每个发两种音：长音（其字母音）和短音

l y不在单词开头时，一般被看做元音

2. 单元音单词拼读 (Consonant-Vowel-Consonant Combinations)

如果一个英语单词或音节里只有一个元音, 且元音不在末尾，这个元音一般发短音.

如：Sam, cat, mat, 等等．

l Ending Consonants　

l One Vowel Word, Short Vowel Sounds

l Beginning Consonants

3. 双元音单词拼读(Two Vowel Words):

一个单词或音节里有两个元音时，　一般来说，前边一个元音发长音（其字母音），　后边一个元音不发音．　

如:make, mail, may, hay, say, see, sea, meet, meat, key, five, nine, tie, road, coat, toe, cute等等．

4. 双/三辅音在一起时的联读 (Consonant Blends)

l Beginning consonant blends (bl, br, cl, cr, dr, fl, fr, gl, fr, pl, pr, sc, sk, sl, sm, sn, sp, st, sw, tr, tw, scr, spl, str)

l Ending consonant blends (ft, lf, lm, lp, lt, mp, nd, nk, nt, pt, sk, st)

l Words ending in ll, ss, ff

l Consonant digraphs (ch, th, sh, wh)

5. 特殊读法(1)–带元音的特殊读法(Irregular Vowels)

igh, ing, ind, ild, ar, or, oi, oy, alt, alk, ost, old, er, ir, ur, ew, sion, tion, eigh, all, ow, ow, ou, ay, ous, ed, ed (t), ed (d), aw, au, oo, oo

以上字母组合作为整体音节发音。需记住它们所发的音。

Examples:

l ar (car, far), air (hair), are (hare), au, augh (caught), aw (hawk)

l al, all (all, tall, mall, hall), alk (talk, walk), alt (halt, salt), ay (may, play)

ew (new, few), eigh (eight, weight),

ed:

u says /ed/: patted, landed, lifted

u says /t/: walked, hopped, stopped

u says /d/: cried, played, chewed

l er (sister, brother), ir (girl, fir, firm), ur (burn, hurt)

l ie (field), ing(king, sing, dancing), ind (find, kind, behind), ild (mild, wild, child), igh (high, night, light), ire

l oi (oil, boil), oy (boy, toy), old (old, cold), ost (most, host), olt,

oo (book), oo (tool, school), or (or, for, horn),

ow (读音一：cow, now, how, bow；　读音二：bow, low, blow, snow),

ou (shout, out, loud)

ould (could, would), ough (五种不同的读音：cough, through, ought, slough, plough),

ought, , ous (famous, nervous),

l ue (cruel), ui (fluid)

l tion (attention, fiction), sion (passion, expression),

l ending sounds : ang, ong, ung, edge, le

6. 特殊读法(2)

l 如果一个单词或音节里只有一个元音,而且元音在末尾，　这个元音一般发长音（其字母音） (Vowel at the end)．　

如：me, hi, go, baby, table, humor，hibernate 等等。

l Y在末尾 (作为元音处理）（y at the end）：

u 单音节词, 没有其他元音，y发”I”(one syllable word, y at the end (pronounced as “I”)): my, why, fly, sky

u 多音节词, y发”E” 的音(two or more syllables, y at the end (pronounced as “E”)): daddy, mommy, baby，honey, crazy

7. 特殊读法(3) - 固定读音的单词 (Sight Word):

is, are, the, a, to, here, hey, have, son, love, come, give, field…… 等.

它们不遵守前边的发音规则，需要死记硬背。

8. 特殊读法(4) – 辅音的特殊读法

l 有一些辅音不发音 (silent consonants)．　　

u u Silent b: comb, lamb

u u Silent h: ghost

u u Silent k: knife, knock, knob, know…

u u Silent w: write, wrist, wreck …

l "c" 和 "k" 在一起时，　发一个音: quick, black等.　

l "q" 总是和"u"在一起：quite, quick, quit, quilt等.

之所以指出这一点, 是在这里u不能再被认为是元音, 而是和q一起组成一个辅音组合. 于是, 在quite这个单词里只有两个元音, 是双元音单词, 第一个元音i发字母音, 第二个元音e不发音.

l "p"和 "h"在一起, 发/f/的音: phone, photo.

l 复数s及末尾s的读音(Plural s and the sounds of ending s)

c和g 的两种读音:

u u 如果i(或y)或者 e 跟在c或者g的后边, c发/s/, g发/j/的音: center, cigar, nice, mice, gem, giant, gym, page.

u u 其他情况下, c发/k/, g发/g/: can, clap, cup, great, glad, got, goat, log.

u u 特殊情况： get, give

9. 多音节单词和复合词 (Words with multiple syllables and compound words)

l 多音节单词: believe, multiple, syllable, compound

l 复合词: homework, highway, sidewalk, inside, outside

1.自然拼读法的第一步是掌握二十六个字母的读音 (Letter Sounds). 其中五个元音字母(a, e, i, o, u)发两种音。

2.第二步是进行单元音字母的拼读练习，如： Sam, cat, mat, 等等．

3.第三步, 是固定读音的单词 : the, a, is, to, have 等.

4.第四步，是一个单词里有两个元音时，前边一个元音发字母音， 后边一个元音不发音，如： make, made, sea, five, nine, road等等．

5.第五步, 是双/三辅音在一起时怎么联读, 如: bl(ack), str(eet)等；有一些辅音不发音，如： ghost,comb, lamb等；要掌握一下和"h"联在一起的发音： ch, sh, th, wh。

6.第六步，是特殊读法：

单音节词，以元音结尾， 这个元音发字母音． 如： me, hi, go 等等

Irregular: ar (car), ay(hay, may, say), igh (high, night, might), ew (new), er (sister, brother), ur(burn, hurt), ir (girl, fir, firm), or (horn), eigh (eight), oi (oil, boil), oy(boy), ow等有其特别的发音．"c" 和 "k" 在一起时， 发一个音: quick, black等.

自然拼音拼读练习表

第一天：a e i o u a_e e_e i_e o_e u_e

Aa : mat map bag cat hat fan bat apple

Ee:egg well red pen net hen bed bell

Ii: lick six bib pig pin kiss ink hill

Oo:ox on octopus box sock operate ostrich

Uu:sun umbrella cup bus nut gun uncle under

cape name tape lake game make take hate

these Japanese Chinese

bite five nine kite mine nice ride side

rose nose rope note pose home rode those

tube cube June cute huge

第二天:ai ay ee ea ey ie ighoa ow ui ue

ai: tail rain paint pain jail rail nailmaid

ay:bay ray way say hay pay May lay

ee:reeds eel bee peel jeep feet see teeth

ea:sea meat peanut eagle peach tea leaf pea

ey:donkey monkey jockey turkey monkeyhockey key trolley

ie:tie pie lie die

igh:right sight night tight hight fighthigh sigh

oa:road toast toad coal goat boat coat soap

ow:rainbow pillow yellow window bowl rowhollow low

ui:suit juice fruit

ue:Sue blue glue true

第三天:ar er ir ur or

ar: arm car armchair card cart farm parkgarden

er:sister brother under rooster wintermermaid marker mother

ir:birthday circus dirty bird circle dirtgirl

ur:turtle surfing turkey fur hurt pursenurse

or:porch pork horse horn fort morning cornfork

第四天:ou ow oi oy au aw oo oo ea

ou:house out mouth count fountain mountainshout mouse

ow:cow towel clown owl crown brown flowertower

oi:coin oil point noise boil soil poisoncoil

oy:oyster boy cowboy soy toy

au:august sause sausage naughty autumnapplause

aw:paw draw saw straw strawberry lawn

oo:moon zoo roof rooster boots food spoonroom cool fool boom foolish

oo:book cook good foot look hook

ea:head sweater sweat pear lead bearleather feather

第五天:ch sh wh ph th th kn wrmb

ch:beach lunch cheese bench church chickenchair cherry

sh:sheep shirt ship fish dish push shoesshovel

wh:whale white wheel wheat whip whistlewheelchair whisper

ph:photo elephant telephone trophy pharmacyalphabet

th:brother feather leather father mother

th:thumb three bathmat thirsty thief bathmouth teeth

kn:knob knee knife knock knit

wr:wrist wrinkle wrap wreath write

mb:thumb lamb bomb comb crumb numb

第六天:bl fl pl cl gl br cr gr pr fr tr dr

bl:blue black blouse bloom bleach blanket blondehair

fl: flat flu fly flame flute floor flagflower

pl:plane play plus planet platform plumplate plant

cl:clock cloud clean clay climb close clapclown

gl:glove globe glass glue glasses glider

br:bright brook brim bride brown breadbrick brother

cr:crown crab cream crow crayon crocodilecry croissant

gr:gray green grass grapes ground growgrandma

pr:prixe price prawn press prince princesspray

fr:frog frost Friday French fries fruitfront friend frame

tr:tractor truck train tray tree triangletrunk trolley

dr:dream drum dry drop draw drive dressdrink

第七天:sm sn sl sw sp st sc sk all ew y

sm:smile small smell smoke smooth

sn:snowman snow snore snake snail sneakerssneakers snack

sl:slow slap sleep slide slope sled

sw:switch swallow swan swim sweet swingsweater sweat

sp:spider spaceship spinach spoon spell

st:stockings store star stamp storm stickstudent stand

sc:scarf scooter scanner scarecrow scalescorpion scoop

sk:skunk skis skirt skates

all:call tall fall ball wall

ew:dew few view hew new nephew newspaper

Yy: sky fly dry spy type shy cry my Yy :Miny sunny puppy dizzy dirty pony happybaby

自然拼音强化练习：Tongue twister

1.A big black bear sat on a big black bug.

2.A big black bug bit a big black dog onhis big black nose!

3.Cat, Cat, catch that fat rat.

4.A fat cat catches a mad rat.

5.Blue glue gun, green glue gun.

6.Black background, brown background.

7.A noisy noise annoys an oyster.

8.A good cook can cook good cookies.

9.At noon I took a good book，andsat by the pool in the wood.I soon took off my boot.And put my foot in thepool.Oh! How cool, how cool.

10.The hunter and his huge horse hidebehind in house.

11. Betty better butter Brad's bread.

12.Two tiny tigers take two taxis to town.

13.The first is the first.The third is thethird.The third can be the first, The first can be the third.

14.Sir, this girl wearing a dirty skirt isnot the first, but the third.

15.A flea and a fly flew up in a flue. Saidthe flea, "Let us fly!" Said the fly, "Let us flee!" Sothey flew through a flaw in the flue.

16. I wish you were a fish in my dish.

17.Jean's three sheep are near the greenjeep.

18.There are thirty -three thousand threehundred and thirty-three feathers on that bird's throat.19.Neither father nor mother likes this weather.

20.It’s a goat,sitting in a boat,wearing acoat and writing a note.It’s a bear,sitting on a chair,holding a pear andcombing its hair.It’s a cock,sitting on a rock,wearing a sock and looking at aclock.It’s a fly,wearing a tie,holding a pie and waving good bye.