中国军用NJ2045/2046越野卡车

The civilian minibus vans by Nanjing Iveco has been in service with the PLA in the 1990s for general non-combat purpose. The special enhanced military variant NJ2045 became available in 2001/02. 民用小型公共汽车由南京Iveco生产，已经从1990年开始在PLA中服役。专用增强军用型NJ2045在2001/02年开始服役。

NJ2045/2046 is the 1.5t cross-country carrier vehicle built by Nanjing Iveco Motor Co. Ltd., a joint venture formed by Nanjing Yuejin Motor Corporation and Italian car manufacturer Iveco Corporation, a part of the larger Iveco Fiat-Otobreda combine. The vehicle’s design is based on the Iveco passenger/cargo van. The NJ2045 is a troop/cargo van mainly for road travelling, while the NJ2046 is the high-mobility light truck enhanced with cross-country travelling features. NJ2045/2046是由南京“依维可”（Iveco）汽车公司公司制造的1.5吨越野运输车，一个由南京“跃进”（Yuejin）汽车公司和意大利汽车制造商Iveco公司组成的共同投资公司，Iveco公司是更大的Iveco Fiat-Otobreda联合企业一部份。车辆的设计以Iveco乘客/货物货车为基础。NJ2045是军队/货物货车主要地用于道路旅行，NJ2046 是高机动性轻型卡车具有越野旅行的特点。

NJ2046 (foreground) and NJ2045 (background) in off-road travelling test. Both vehicles have passed the road and off-road tests by the PLA in some of the most harsh conditions in China. 越野型NJ2046(前景)和NJ2045旅行测试。车辆都已经被PLA在中国的一些最恶劣条件下经过道路和越野测试。

PROGRAMME 计划

The Nanjing NJ2045/2046 provides a lightweight tactical 4X4 carrier for troops, cargo, shelter, and weapon systems. Developed from the Iveco’s civilian minibus van, the NJ2046 has a limited cross-country capability. As well as serving as a standard passenger carrier, the vehicle can also be modified to serve as command & control vehicle, ambulance, light truck, and shelter. The vehicle is available in standard wheelbase and long wheelbase versions. 南京NJ2045/2046提供一个轻型战术4X4卡车用于军队、货物、掩蔽所和武器系统。从Iveco的民用小型公共汽车上发展，NJ2046具有有限的越野能力。除了服役被当做一种标准的乘客车，车辆也能被修改被当做指挥&控制车辆、救护车、轻型卡车和掩蔽所。车辆可采用标准轴距和长轴距。

NJ2045 in the long wheelbase ambulance configuration. The NJ2045/2046 series is based on the Italian Iveco’s civilian minibus van technology. The chassis of the vehicle has been modified to give it limited cross-country travelling capability. 长轴距救护车配置的NJ2045。NJ2045/2046系列以意大利Iveco的民用小型公共汽车技术为基础。车辆的车底盘已经被修改去提供有限的越野旅行能力。

The NJ-2046 shares same chassis as the NJ2045, but with special features such as higher ground clearance and enhanced body for off-road travelling. The vehicle is in service with the PLA as utility truck, medical evacuation, border patrol vehicle, paratrooper carrier, and anti-tank missile carrier. The vehicle is air transportable and can be air dropped with multiple parachutes. The first airdrop test of the vehicle was conducted on 8 April 2002. The vehicle was dropped by a transport plane at 800m altitude and landed safely under five parachutes. NJ-2046共用NJ2045的车底盘，但是由于专用功能，像是比较高的离地间隙和增强的车体用于越野旅行。车辆在PLA服役中被当做公用载重汽车、医疗撤退、边境巡逻车、伞兵车和反坦克导弹车。车辆可空运和能使用复式降落伞从空中投放。车辆的第一次空投测试在 2002年4月8日进行。车辆在800米高度被一架运输机空投，吊挂在五个降落伞下安全地着地。

NJ2046 in off-road travelling test. The vehicle is purposely built for military and security forces users. The NJ2045/2046 is based on the technology of Iveco, a world leading company in the design and production of military vehicles. 越野NJ2046旅行测试。车辆专门为军队和安全部门使用。NJ2045/2046以Iveco的技术为基础，世界领先的军用车辆设计和生产的公司。

The NJ2046 light truck with soft canvas roof. The vehicle has an airborne version which can be airdropped by transport aircraft using multiple parachutes. The vehicle provides a high-mobility, versatile battlefield transport for the PLA airborne forces. NJ2046轻型卡车使用软式帆布车顶。车辆有一种能被运输机使用复式降落伞空投的空运型。车辆提供一个高机动性、多用途战场运输给PLA空降部队。

The HJ-9 antitank missile carrier based on the NJ2046. The highly mobile vehicle, which can be airdropped from transport aircraft, carries a lethal punch against enemy armoured troops. HJ-9反坦克导弹车基于NJ2046。能从运输机被空投的高机动车辆，携带对抗敌人装甲部队的一个致命的武器。

Nanjing Iveco began to develop the 4X4 military version of its minibus van in 1997 to meet the PLA’s growing demand for such a vehicle. The development of the NJ2045 lasted for five years before the batch production began. The development of NJ2046 began in 1999 and was finalised in late 2000. A May 2003 report noted Nanjing Iveco’s intention to increase production to 30,000 units annually over the following two years, especially to meet a growing need for “special vehicles” -- fire engines, ambulances and military trucks. 南京Iveco在1997年开始发展4X4军用型，被当做小型公共汽车去符合PLA对一种类似车辆的增加需求。NJ2045 的发展在开始批量生产之前持续达五年之久。NJ2046 的发展在1999年开始和在2000后期结束。2003年5月报道称南京Iveco的意图在两年后去增加生产每年达到30,000辆，尤其符合对专用车辆的增长需求--消防车、救护车和军用卡车。

DESIGN 设计  

Both NJ2045 and NJ2046 are powered by a 2,798 litre, water-cooled, straight-four, turbo-charged diesel engine, developing 87kW at 3,600 rpm. The vehicle has a manual gear box with 5 forward and 1 reverse gear. NJ2045和NJ2046两者被2,798公升水冷直列四缸涡轮增压柴油发动机提供动力，在3,600转/每分钟功率87 kW。车辆有一个手动变速箱，有5个前进挡和1个倒车挡。

SPECIFICATIONS 规格

NJ2045 NJ2046  Seating 1+8 1+10  Configuration 4X4 4X4  Weight (empty) 2,850kg 2,950kg  Max load 1,600kg 1,600kg  Towed Load N/A N/A  Length 4.855m 4.955m  Width 2.080m 2.000m  Height 2.435m 2.300m  Wheel base 2.800m 2.800m  Track (front/rear) 1.670m/1.670m 1.670m/1.670m  Max speed 95km/h 100km/h  Max gradient 60% 60%  Fording 0.70m 0.75m