iOS info.plist应用权限配置

2024-03-21 04:16| 来源: 网络整理| 查看: 265

iOS APP审核比较严格，十分注重保护用户隐私。没有用户对APP授权，很多涉及数据采集的功能都无法使用。这里记录一些常用的权限配置及权限状态检查，后面会陆续补充。

一、常见隐私权限 1.基本格式 Privacy - xxxx ：详细描述，如图：样例一.png

ps：详细描述要写的与具体功能相关，否则APP审核可能会被打回。 2.隐私权限清单 Privacy - Camera Usage Description ：使用相机(拍照或录制) Privacy - Face ID Usage Description ：使用FaceID Privacy - NFC Scan Usage Description ：使用NFC扫描 Privacy - Microphone Usage Description ：使用麦克风(录音) Privacy - Bluetooth Always Usage Description ：使用手机蓝牙 //定位 Privacy - Location When In Use Usage Description ： APP使用期间获取定位信息(仅限应用在前台) Privacy - Location Always and When In Use Usage Description ：允许一直获取定位信息(包括前台和后台) //图库 Privacy - Photo Library Usage Description ：允许从图库读取图片或视频 Privacy - Photo Library Additions Usage Description ：向图库添加图片或视频二、检查权限状态，及主动申请这一部分是最基本的容错，调用方法前去获取设备硬件状态或权限是否授权。进而去规避一些由于用户没有授权权限，直接调用对应方法而导致的崩溃。

1.相机这里用到的是AVCaptureDevice来检查权限状态，后续会添加使用其他方法状态获取的方式。

private func isPrepareOfAVCaptureVideoDevice(_ completionHandler: @escaping (Bool) -> Void) { let videoStatus = AVCaptureDevice.authorizationStatus(for: .video) if videoStatus == .notDetermined{ AVCaptureDevice.requestAccess(for: .video) { completionHandler($0) } return } completionHandler(videoStatus == .authorized) }

2.麦克风同相机获取权限状态的方式，后续也会添加。

private func isPrepareOfAVCaptureAudioDevice(_ completionHandler: @escaping (Bool) -> Void) { let audioStatus = AVCaptureDevice.authorizationStatus(for: .audio) if audioStatus == .notDetermined { AVCaptureDevice.requestAccess(for: .audio) { completionHandler($0) } return } completionHandler(audioStatus == .authorized) }

3.图库 PhotoLibrary权限在iOS14.0进行了细化： a)获取图库读写权限

if #available(iOS 14, *) { let readWriteStatus = PHPhotoLibrary.authorizationStatus(for: .readWrite) print(readWriteStatus) PHPhotoLibrary.requestAuthorization(for: .readWrite) { (status) in self.handleRequestStatus(status: status) } } else { let readWriteStatus = PHPhotoLibrary.authorizationStatus() print(readWriteStatus) PHPhotoLibrary.requestAuthorization { (status) in self.handleRequestStatus(status: status) } } } func handleRequestStatus(status:PHAuthorizationStatus){ switch status { case .notDetermined: print("The user hasn't determined this app's access.") case .restricted: print("The system restricted this app's access.") case .denied: print("The user explicitly denied this app's access.") case .authorized: print("The user authorized this app to access Photos data.") case .limited: print("The user authorized this app for limited Photos access.") @unknown default: fatalError() } }

b)仅向图库添加，为了对称添加了iOS14版本以下的

func checkPhotosLibraryAddtionStatus(){ if #available(iOS 14, *) { let readWriteStatus = PHPhotoLibrary.authorizationStatus(for: .addOnly) print(readWriteStatus) PHPhotoLibrary.requestAuthorization(for: .addOnly) { [self] (status) in handleRequestStatus(status: status) } } else { let readWriteStatus = PHPhotoLibrary.authorizationStatus() print(readWriteStatus) PHPhotoLibrary.requestAuthorization { (status) in self.handleRequestStatus(status: status) } } } func handleRequestStatus(status:PHAuthorizationStatus){ switch status { case .notDetermined: print("The user hasn't determined this app's access.") case .restricted: print("The system restricted this app's access.") case .denied: print("The user explicitly denied this app's access.") case .authorized: print("The user authorized this app to access Photos data.") case .limited: print("The user authorized this app for limited Photos access.") @unknown default: fatalError() } }

4.蓝牙

//蓝牙状态获取是通过delegate方法centralManagerDidUpdateState来实现的 func centralManagerDidUpdateState(_ central: CBCentralManager) { switch central.state { case .resetting: print("服务连接中断，正在重连") case .unsupported: print("设备不支持") case .unauthorized: if #available(iOS 13.0, *) { switch central.authorization { case .restricted: print("设备蓝牙有问题，被限制使用") case .denied: print("被用户拒绝了") default: print("啥也不是~~~~~") } } else { print("用户未授权") } case .poweredOff: print("蓝牙未打开") case .poweredOn: print("蓝牙已打开") default: print("啥也不是~~~~~") }

5.定位

func checkLocationStatus(){ let locationManager = CLLocationManager() if #available(iOS 14.0, *) { let status = locationManager.authorizationStatus self.requestLocationAuthor(status: status) } else { let status = CLLocationManager.authorizationStatus() self.requestLocationAuthor(status: status) } } func requestLocationAuthor(status:CLAuthorizationStatus){ let locationManager = CLLocationManager() switch status { case .authorizedAlways: print("The user authorized this app is authorizedAlways.") case .authorizedWhenInUse: print("The user authorized this app is authorizedWhenInUse.") case .denied: print("The user authorized this app is denied.") case .notDetermined://根据需求二选一 // locationManager.requestAlwaysAuthorization() locationManager.requestWhenInUseAuthorization() case .restricted: print("The user authorized this app is restricted.") default: fatalError() } }

6.NFC 要使用NFC功能开发需要在证书中添加NFC开发选项，配置证书后然后在项目中添加Capability。 NFC Capability配置.png 获取状态是否可用比较简单，内部封装好的api直接调用即可。

//MARK: NFC相关 import CoreNFC extension ViewController{ func checkNFCReaderAvailable() -> Bool{ return NFCNDEFReaderSession.readingAvailable } }

7.FaceID 请求设备本地解锁认证（密码，faceID，TouchID），LAPolicy有两种枚举类型，deviceOwnerAuthenticationWithBiometrics仅调用设备设置的touchid或faceID进行认证，deviceOwnerAuthentication会根据设备设置的解锁方式进行请求，默认是设备密码认证，即使在没有设置生物学识别信息(指纹、面部特征)的情况下也可以使用

import LocalAuthentication var context = LAContext() extension ViewController{ func requetAuthor(){ /* canEvaluatePolicy()方法用来检查认证方式是否可用，也可用来标记状态 evaluatePolicy()方法用来进行认证方法调用 */ context = LAContext() context.localizedCancelTitle = "设置title" var error: NSError? if context.canEvaluatePolicy(.deviceOwnerAuthenticationWithBiometrics, error: &error) { let reason = "设置具体描述" context.evaluatePolicy(.deviceOwnerAuthenticationWithBiometrics, localizedReason: reason ) { success, error in if success { DispatchQueue.main.async { [unowned self] in print("认证成功") } } else { print(error?.localizedDescription ?? "认证失败") } } } else { print(error?.localizedDescription ?? "无法调用系统认证方式") } } }

8.消息通知检查消息通知状态

func checkNotificationAvailable(){ if #available(iOS 10, *) { UNUserNotificationCenter.current().getNotificationSettings { (settings) in print(settings.authorizationStatus) switch settings.authorizationStatus{ case .authorized: print("已授权") case .denied: print("用户拒绝消息通知") case .notDetermined: print("未确定消息权限") //这两个是新的，没有做深入探究 case .ephemeral: print("ephemeral") case .provisional: print("provisional") default: break } } }else{ let isRegistered = UIApplication.shared.isRegisteredForRemoteNotifications print(isRegistered) } } 附：iOS 网络通信配置

iOS 9.0 以后APP网络请求需要在info.plist中配置NSAppTransportSecurity，具体配置如下图：网络通信配置2.png

Apple官方文档：ProtectedResources Demo：Demo链接

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