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“estate tax ”与“inheritance tax”辨析

2024-01-24 17:41| 来源: 网络整理| 查看: 265

关于本文标题所列两词之异同,请先看出版者自诩为“准确, 完备”的《英汉大词典》: 1. (a) estate tax(美)= estate duty     (b) inheritance tax(美)遗产税,继承税     (c) estate duty(英)房地产遗产税 如此说来,那末至少从美国英语来说(这样可以注意更集中, 问题可以更清楚),”estate tax”指“房地产遗产税”而“inheritance tax”则是一般地指“遗产税,继承税”的了。 词态果真如此吗?不! 关键首先在于”estate”果真就指“房地产”吗?回答是否定的。 请看: 2. estate /. . . / n | a (large) piece of land in the country, usu. with one large house on it and one owner 2 BrE ... 3. law the whole of a person's property, esp. as left after death:... [例句从略] 4..                                    -- Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English 可见,至少在法律用语(law)中(不问英美)“estate"是指“人(特指其身后所遗)的全部财产”。因此,在这一意义上缩小为“房地产”是缺乏根据的。不过,我们不能以此为满足,而必须进一步证明--“estate tax”中的“tax”并不以不动产即房地产为限: 3. Estate tax                         —《英米法辞典》(日本有斐阁版) 日语只是消极地证明了“estate tax”与“ inheritance tax”两语之间不存在其为动产抑或不动产的区别。此后,还要证明究竟存在不存在以及存在什么区别。请看: 4. ESTATE TAX tax upon the transfer of property, and not a tax on the property itself. Estate taxes are based on the power to transmit or ihe transmission from the dead to the living, while inheritance taxes are based on the right to receive the property and are thus applied to the recipients thereof.                                         ——Steven H. Gifis, Law Dictionary 由此可见,两者之区别在于如表:  



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