VBA二次学习笔记（2）

2024-03-27 23:59| 来源: 网络整理| 查看: 265

说明（2018-9-3 22:38:58）：

1. 就是之前问同事要来的作业，有两个格式一样的Excel文件，一个是正确答案，一个是员工作答的。通过代码将两个文件进行比对，把不同之处列出来。

正文：

Sub test1() Dim wb1 As Worksheet Dim wb2 As Worksheet Dim wb As Worksheet Set wb1 = Workbooks("1.xlsx").Sheets(1) Set wb2 = Workbooks("2.xlsx").Sheets(1) Set wb = Workbooks("test.xlsm").Sheets(1) Dim n As Integer n = 2 For i = 3 To 14 If wb1.Range("b" & i).Value wb2.Range("b" & i).Value Then wb.Range("a" & n).Value = wb1.Range("a" & i).Value wb.Range("b" & n).Value = wb1.Range("b" & i).Value wb.Range("c" & n).Value = wb2.Range("b" & i).Value n = n + 1 End If Next For i = 24 To 31 If wb1.Range("b" & i).Value wb2.Range("b" & i).Value Then wb.Range("a" & n).Value = wb1.Range("a" & i).Value wb.Range("b" & n).Value = wb1.Range("b" & i).Value wb.Range("c" & n).Value = wb2.Range("b" & i).Value n = n + 1 End If Next End Sub

效果：

1.xlsx和2.xlsx，有两个数字不一样

在宏文件所在的Excel里的显示结果：

总结：

1. 主要使用了获取工作簿的方法WorkBooks()；用了两个for循环，因为表格不连续；用了一个变量n，控制在主表中向下排列不同数据。

2. WorkBooks()获取工作簿需要文件打开，下一步可以使用open方法，在不用提前打开文件的条件下完成操作。

附件：

Sub test1() Dim wb1 As Worksheet Dim wb2 As Worksheet Dim wb As Worksheet Dim fileCheck, fileAnswer As String fileCheck = "Cassie Jiang.xlsx" fileAnswer = "Correct Answer.xlsx" '判断文件是否已经打开，如果打开，提示关闭 Set sheetCheck = Workbooks.Open(ThisWorkbook.path + "\" + fileCheck).Sheets(1) Set sheetAnswer = Workbooks.Open(ThisWorkbook.path + "\" + fileAnswer).Sheets(1) Set sheetError = Workbooks(fileAnswer).Sheets(2) Dim n As Integer n = 2 For i = 3 To 5 If LCase(Replace(sheetCheck.Range("d" & i).Value, " ", "")) LCase(Replace(sheetAnswer.Range("d" & i).Value, " ", "")) Then sheetError.Range("a" & n).Value = sheetCheck.Range("D6").Value '姓名 sheetError.Range("b" & n).Value = sheetCheck.Range("b" & i).Row 'Row# sheetError.Range("c" & n).Value = sheetCheck.Range("b" & i).Value 'Item(b3,c3合并了，所以要用b3) sheetError.Range("d" & n).Value = sheetCheck.Range("d" & i).Value 'Trainee's Answer sheetError.Range("e" & n).Value = sheetAnswer.Range("d" & i).Value 'Correct Answer n = n + 1 End If Next For i = 9 To 61 If LCase(Replace(sheetCheck.Range("d" & i).Value, " ", "")) LCase(Replace(sheetAnswer.Range("d" & i).Value, " ", "")) Then sheetError.Range("a" & n).Value = sheetCheck.Range("D6").Value sheetError.Range("b" & n).Value = sheetCheck.Range("b" & i).Row sheetError.Range("c" & n).Value = sheetCheck.Range("c" & i).Value sheetError.Range("d" & n).Value = sheetCheck.Range("d" & i).Value sheetError.Range("e" & n).Value = sheetAnswer.Range("d" & i).Value n = n + 1 End If Next For i = 66 To 107 If LCase(Replace(sheetCheck.Range("d" & i).Value, " ", "")) LCase(Replace(sheetAnswer.Range("d" & i).Value, " ", "")) Then sheetError.Range("a" & n).Value = sheetCheck.Range("D6").Value sheetError.Range("b" & n).Value = sheetCheck.Range("b" & i).Row sheetError.Range("c" & n).Value = sheetCheck.Range("c" & i).Value sheetError.Range("d" & n).Value = sheetCheck.Range("d" & i).Value sheetError.Range("e" & n).Value = sheetAnswer.Range("d" & i).Value n = n + 1 End If Next Workbooks(fileCheck).Close Workbooks(fileAnswer).Close (True) End Sub

修改后：

Sub Check() Dim sheetCheck, sheetAnswer, sheetError As Worksheet '筛选、获取trainee文件名 For i = 1 To Workbooks.Count If Workbooks(i).Name "Correct Answer.xlsx" And Workbooks(i).Name "micro.xlsm" And LCase(Workbooks(i).Name) "personal.xlsb" Then Set sheetCheck = Workbooks(i).Sheets(1) Exit For End If Next Set sheetAnswer = Workbooks("Correct Answer.xlsx").Sheets(1) '获取Answer工作表 Set sheetError = Workbooks("Correct Answer.xlsx").Sheets(2) '获取Error工作表 '对比前清除Error比对记录 Dim m As Integer m = sheetError.UsedRange.Rows.Count sheetError.Rows("2:" & m).ClearContents '设置Error里的行号 Dim n As Integer n = 2 '循环对比 For i = 3 To 5 If LCase(Replace(sheetCheck.Range("d" & i).Value, " ", "")) LCase(Replace(sheetAnswer.Range("d" & i).Value, " ", "")) Then sheetError.Range("a" & n).Value = sheetCheck.Range("D6").Value '姓名 sheetError.Range("b" & n).Value = sheetCheck.Range("b" & i).Row 'Row# sheetError.Range("c" & n).Value = sheetCheck.Range("b" & i).Value 'Item(b3,c3合并了，所以要用b3) sheetError.Range("d" & n).Value = sheetCheck.Range("d" & i).Value 'Trainee's Answer sheetError.Range("e" & n).Value = sheetAnswer.Range("d" & i).Value 'Correct Answer n = n + 1 End If Next For i = 9 To 107 If LCase(Replace(sheetCheck.Range("d" & i).Value, " ", "")) LCase(Replace(sheetAnswer.Range("d" & i).Value, " ", "")) Then sheetError.Range("a" & n).Value = sheetCheck.Range("D6").Value sheetError.Range("b" & n).Value = sheetCheck.Range("b" & i).Row sheetError.Range("c" & n).Value = sheetCheck.Range("c" & i).Value '这里是c了 sheetError.Range("d" & n).Value = sheetCheck.Range("d" & i).Value sheetError.Range("e" & n).Value = sheetAnswer.Range("d" & i).Value n = n + 1 End If Next End Sub

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