金属有机框架（MOFs）由于其结构可定制性、可控孔径和物理化学功能而引起了多学科的关注，并且可以通过将它们用作制造衍生的中空多孔纳米材料的前体和/或模板来利用它们的固有特性。MOF衍生的中空多孔材料的迷人、功能特性和应用主要在于它们的化学成分、中空特性和独特的多孔结构。本文全面概述了源自 MOF 模板和/或前体的中空多孔材料的合成策略和新兴应用。基于MOFs在中空多孔材料制备中的作用，详细描述了合成策略，包括（1）MOFs作为可移动模板，(2) MOF 纳米晶作为自牺牲模板和前驱体，(3) MOF@secondary-component core-shell 复合材料作为前驱体，(4) MOF 中空纳米晶及其复合材料作为前驱体。随后，介绍了这些中空多孔材料在化学催化、电催化、能量存储和转换以及环境管理方面的应用。最后，展望了 MOF 衍生空心材料的研究挑战、未来机遇和前景。并介绍了环境管理。最后，展望了 MOF 衍生空心材料的研究挑战、未来机遇和前景。并介绍了环境管理。最后，展望了 MOF 衍生空心材料的研究挑战、未来机遇和前景。

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Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have garnered multidisciplinary attention due to their structural tailorability, controlled pore size, and physicochemical functions, and their inherent properties can be exploited by applying them as precursors and/or templates for fabricating derived hollow porous nanomaterials. The fascinating, functional properties and applications of MOF-derived hollow porous materials primarily lie in their chemical composition, hollow character, and unique porous structure. Herein, a comprehensive overview of the synthetic strategies and emerging applications of hollow porous materials derived from MOF-based templates and/or precursors is given. Based on the role of MOFs in the preparation of hollow porous materials, the synthetic strategies are described in detail, including (1) MOFs as removable templates, (2) MOF nanocrystals as both self-sacrificing templates and precursors, (3) MOF@secondary-component core-shell composites as precursors, and (4) hollow MOF nanocrystals and their composites as precursors. Subsequently, the applications of these hollow porous materials for chemical catalysis, electrocatalysis, energy storage and conversion, and environmental management are presented. Finally, a perspective on the research challenges and future opportunities and prospects for MOF-derived hollow materials is provided.