摘  要 本文主要围绕直译与意译的结合，这也是目前翻译界普遍倡导的。直译与意译，两者孰优孰劣的争论一直存在。许多学者认为直译优于意译，建议人们在翻译过程当中从头到尾都贯彻这个方法。也有许多学者认为意译比直译灵活生动，应完全使用意译。然而，越来越多的学者认为这两种方式应该融会贯通，相互结合使用。这种方法更忠实于原文表达，能达到更好的翻译效果。作者选取了由张培基版本的《渐》作为实例，因其译本是典型的范例，并且目前从直译与意译上研究过此文的学者寥寥。本文分析了两种译法是如何在《渐》的译文中运用，旨在帮助译者更好的理解直译与意译及其实际运用。此外，并向人们展示直译与意译可以同时用于翻译中，二者都同样必要。 关键词：《渐》；直译；意译；翻译方法 Abstract     This article focuses on the combination of literal translation and free translation which is a prevalent theory in translation circle. The debate of the superiority of one technique over the other has been triggered since these two were invented. Some people hold the view that literal translation is better than free translation so they suggest using only literal translation during translation. While some believe that free translation is more flexible than literal translation, they prefer using the former. However, many scholars tend to use both. It is believed as a better way to help translators to keep their translation more faithful to the original text. Author chooses the essay Jian translated by Mr. Zhang Peiji, for it serves as a typical example in its translation approach, few scholars have studied this essay from the perspective of literal translation and free translation. This paper analyzes how these two techniques are applied in the translation of Jian with a view to help readers to achieve better understanding of literal translation and free translation as well as offering a practical example for translators in translation practice. The paper is also intended to tell that people can use both literal and free translation flexibly during translation. These two techniques are both necessary in the translation process. Key words: Jian; literal translation; free translation; translation technique