现病史书写的重点包括：    一、主诉中症状的详细描述；二、疾病的发展过程；三、诊疗经过；四、目前的一般情况。1、诱因•无诱因下[With no inducing factors]•无明显诱因下[Under no obvious predisposing causes]•感冒一周后[After getting (catching) common cold for 1 week]2、症状出现的叙述•有……症状    ▲suffer from▲ have an attack of▲ have(fell) ▲ begin to fell▲ a feeling (sensation) of……▲ complain (of)▲ ……sensation (feeling) in (of) ……▲ [发热]have a temperature (become feverish)•在……情况下发生▲ 活动时呼吸困难[dyspnea on exertion]▲ 躺下后即出现咳嗽[Cough occurs soon after lying]•与……有（无)关▲ 与……有关[be associated with]▲ 与……有关[have (make) relation to]▲ 与……无关[have (make)no relation to]•在……情况下加重（减轻)▲ 餐后加重[become worse after taking meals]▲ 站立后缓解[be relieved by standing up]▲ 随呼吸和咳嗽而加重[become more severe with breathing and cough]•伴有……▲ be accompanied by

3、起病方式•急性腹痛[acute abdominal pain]•慢性低热[chronic lower fever]•暴发性发病[the onset was fulminating]•骤起胸痛[an explosive onset of chest pain]•突然起病伴高热[the onset was sudden with high fever]•突发突止[attacks began and ended abruptly]•因……而突然起病[the attack is precipitated by……]•很快发生晕厥[syncope occured rapidly]•逐渐出现咳嗽咳痰[gradual onset of cough and sputum]•偶而[occasionally (sporadically, accidentally)]•反复胸闷心悸[recurrent (bouts of) chest discomfort and palpitation]•一过性发作[transitory attack]医.学.全.在线.网.站.提供•连续胸痛[chest pain continually]•时重时轻[waned and waxed]•时好时坏[hang in the balance]•不停地咳嗽[have a fit of cough]•发作性呼吸困难[paroxysmal short of breath]•频繁咳嗽[cough frequently (very often)]•持续性（间歇性)[persistent (intermittent)]•频发胸痛[frequent episodes of chest pain]•持续不变[be steady]4、病情变化描述•[症状好转]  ▲fell better than before      ▲take a favorable turn      ▲take a turn for the better      ▲improve      ▲make favorable progress      ▲turn for the better      ▲change for the better      ▲be better•[症状减轻]  ▲alleviate    ▲reduce    ▲palliate    ▲diminish    ▲ease(lighten)    ▲mitigate•[症状消失]  ▲disappear    ▲subside    ▲regress    ▲clear up    ▲vanish    ▲dissolve    ▲die (fade) away    ▲relieve医学.全.在线.网.站.提供•[症状加重]  ▲be (make,become,get) worse    ▲worsen    ▲become more severe    ▲take a turn for the worse    ▲be aggravated    ▲increase in severity    ▲take a bad turn    ▲make (become) more serious    ▲make (become) heavier•[无变化]  ▲remain the same as……    ▲continue without change    ▲be identical    ▲be alike    ▲be similar    ▲resemble•[时好时坏] ▲wane and wax    ▲hang in the balance•[体温/血压升降]▲ 升至[rise (go up) to ]▲ 已升至[have risen (gone up) to ]▲ 从……升至……[go up from …… to……]▲ 升至[be elevated to]▲ 迅速下降[fall (decline, abate) abruptly]▲ 骤降（升)[sudden drop (elevation)]▲ 渐降（升)[fall (elevate) gradually]▲ 缓慢下降[slow crisis (lysis) of ]▲ 一天天下降[be (become) lower day by day]▲ 开始降低[begin to remit]▲ 降至正常[drop (was reduced) to normal]▲ 已降至[have gone down (dropped) to]▲ 回复到正常[return (revert) to normal]▲ 由……降（升)至……[fall (elevate) from……to……]▲ 维持在……水平[maintain at a level of……]▲ 稳定在……[stabilize at……]▲ 热退了[fever disappeared]▲ 不超过[do not go up over (exceed)……]▲ 在……和……之间波动[fluctuate (vary) between……and……]▲ 在……至……范围内[range from……to……]▲ 平均38.5℃[an average temperature of 38.5℃]▲ 有39.2℃的体温[have fever (a temperature) of 39.2℃]5、症状的时间表示•持续  ▲lasted for 2 days   ▲have gone on for 1 month   ▲have continued for 10 hours   ▲lasted on the average 3-5 hours   ▲lasted a variable time from 5 minutes to several hours   ▲lasted about half an hour•超过（不到)[move than (less than)]•……以前[two years ago]•多在……时发生[usually between 3 and 5 PM]•未发作过[be free of onsets (attacks) for 2 weeks]6、症状的严重程度•轻度[mild (slight)]•中度[moderate]•重度[severe (serious)]

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