I Comprehension of The Text

　　1. The attitude is that if one is not moving ahead he is falling behind.

　　2. Time is treated as if it were something almost real. (People budget it, waste it, steal it, kill it, cut it, account for it; they also charge for it.) They do this because time is a precious resource.

　　3. Everyone is in a rush —often under pressure. City people always appear to be hurrying to get where they are going, restlessly seeking attention in a store or elbowing others as they try to complete their shopping.

　　4. Don’t take it personally. This is because people value time highly and they resent someone else “wasting”it beyond a certain appropriate point.

　　5. New arrivals in America will miss opening exchanges, the ritual interaction that goes with a cup of coffee or tea and leisurely chats.

　　6. Americans produce a steady flow of labor-saving devices. They communicate rapidly through faxes, phone calls or emails rather than through personal contacts.

　　7. The impersonality of electronic communication has little or no relation to the significance of the matter at hand.

　　8. It is taken as a sign of skillfulness or being competent to solve a problem or fulfill a job with speed in the U.S.

　　Vocabulary

　　III

　　1. charge 2. convention 3. efficient 4. obtain 5. competent 6. assessing 7. fulfill 8. conducting consequently 10. significance

　　IV.

　　1.behind 2. at 3. in 4. out 5. to 6.to 7. in 8. with 9. but 10.for

　　V.

　　1. L 2. C 3. D 4. N 5. O 6.A 7.E 8.G 9.I 10.K

　　WordBuilding

　　VI

　　1. commitment 2. attraction 3. appointment 4. impression

　　5. civilization 6. composition 7. confusion 8. congratulation

　　9. consideration 10. explanation 11. acquisition 12. depression

　　VII.

　　desirable favorable considerable acceptable

　　drinkable advisable remarkable preferable

　　1. advisable 2. desirable 3. favorable 4. considerable 5. remarkable 6. preferable 7. drinkable 8. acceptable

　　Structure

　　VIII

　　1. much less can he write English articles

　　2. much less can he manage a big company

　　3. much less could he carry it upstairs

　　4. much less have I spoken to him

　　5. much less to read a lot outside of it

　　IX

　　1. Having meals at home can cost as little as two or three dollars, whereas eating out at a restaurant is always more expensive.

　　2. We thought she was rather proud, whereas in fact she was just very shy.

　　3. We have never done anything for them, whereas they have done so much for us.

　　4. Natalie prefers to stay for another week, whereas her husband prefers to leave immediately.

　　5. Some praise him highly, whereas others put him down severely

　　Translation

　　X.

　　1. She wouldn’t take a drink, much less would she stay for dinner.

　　2. He thought I was lying to him, whereas I was telling the truth.

　　3. How do you account for the fact that you have been late every day this week?

　　4. The increase in their profits is due partly to their new market strategy.

　　5. Such measures are likely to result in the improvement of work efficiency.

　　6. We have already poured a lot of time and energy into the project, so we have to carry on.

　　XI

　　1. 我认为他不会抢劫，更不用说暴力抢劫了。

　　2. 男工平均工资每小时10美元，而女工才每小时7美元。

　　3. 自然界的平衡一旦遭到破坏，就会带来很多不可预知的影响。

　　4. 期终考试迫在眉睫，你最好多花点时间看书。

　　5. 有趣的是，消费者发现越来越难以辨别某些品牌的原产国。其部分原因来自于全球化带来的`影响，部分原因是由于产地的变化。

　　6. 最近一次调查表明，妇女占总劳动力的40%。

　　Cloze

　　1. C 2.B 3.B 4.A 5.D 6.B 7.C 8.D 9.A 10.C

　　11.D 12.C 13.C 14.B 15.A

　　Structured Writing

　　XIV.

　　A larger and larger part of society is expressing its concern about environmental protection. Active in their concern, teachers and students hold specific meetings to discuss environmental protection. Also, city planners take environmental problems into serious consideration. And, though reducing pollution can be expensive, factories often take every possible measure to do their part. Many people are concerned and active because air and water pollution affects everyone and makes it difficult for cities to survive and businesses to make a profit.

　　Comprehension of the Text

　　II.

　　1. D 2.A 3.C 4.D 5.A 6.C 7.B 8.B

　　Vocabulary

　　III.

　　1. utilize 2. reject 3. considerable 4. temporary 5. acceptable

　　6. recognition 7. alleviate 8. appreciate 9. furthermore 10. interact

　　IV.

　　1. interact with 2. gone through 3. deal with 4. recovered from

　　5. adjusting to 6. familiar to 7. In spite of 8. were tired of

　　9. prevented from 10. came to

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