如题了：USGS官方的各种卫星数据产品的详细说明（很多英文缩写都可在这里找到详细信息，如ETM+和TM的意思，也可以下载）

USGS是什么？

（United States Geological Survey，简称：USGS），美国地质调查局。很厉害的一个官方网站。想想，Landsat卫星数据的官方网站就在USGS旗下，就知道有多牛B了。美国政府内政部辖下的科学机构，是内政部里唯一一个纯粹的科学部门。

主要copy自USGS的官网：http://eros.usgs.gov/#/Find_Data/Products_and_Data_Available/Satellite_Products

USGS 维基百科：http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B%E5%9C%B0%E8%B3%AA%E8%AA%BF%E6%9F%A5%E5%B1%80

USGS 百度百科：http://baike.baidu.com/view/947035.htm

High-resolution (15- to 90-meter) multispectral data from the Terrasatellite (2000 to present). (2000 - present)

1-km multispectral data from the NOAA satellite series. (1979 to present)

Collection of licensed commercial imagery from various vendors. Available to government agencies only.

A collection of declassified military intelligence photographs from the CORONA, ARGON, and LANYARD satellite systems in digital format. (1960 to 1972)  

A collection of declassified military intelligence photographs from the KH-7 surveillance and KH-9 mapping satellite systems in digital format.  (1963 to 1980)

GLS 2005 (Tri-Decadal global Landsat Orthorectified ETM+ update), GLS 2005 Islands, GLS 2000, GLS 1990, GLS 1975

The first of a series of NASA Applications Explorer Missions (AEM-A) that collected visible and thermal band data of the earth from April, 1978 through September, 1980.  A HCMM scene has a width of approximately 715 km with a moderate resolution of 500-600 meters.

The first of a series of NASA Applications Explorer Missions (AEM-A) that collected visible and thermal band data of the earth from April, 1978 through September, 1980.  A HCMM scene has a width of approximately 715 km with a moderate resolution of 500-600 meters.

10- to 30-meter multispectral and hyperspectral data from the Earth Observing-1 (EO-1) Extended Mission. (2000 to present)

High-resolution (15- to 60-meter) multispectral data from Landsat 7. (1999 to present)

80-meter multispectral data from Landsats 1 to 5. (1972 to 1992)

30- to 120-meter multispectral data from Landsat 4 and 5. (1982 to present)

Landsat 4 and 5 TM scenes scanned from film images-available as color composite or 7 B/W spectral bands. (1982-1988)

Multispectral data from the proposed Landsat Data Continuity Mission.

Moderate-resolution (250- to 1000-meter) multispectral data from theTerra Satellite (2000 to present) and Aqua Satellite (2002 to present).

Selected ETM+ and TM scenes (Landsats 7 and 5) from the National Land Cover Characterization 2001 project.

Time-series triplicates of selected MSS scenes (Landsats 1-5) for the U.S. and Mexico. Average acquisition dates are 1973, 1986, and 1991.

Selected MSS and TM scenes (Landsats 1-5) from the NASA Landsat Data Collection (1975 to present).

Imaging radar data (C-band and L-band) from two Space Shuttle missions (1994).

The TerraLook collection consists of georegistered Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) images and Tri-Decadal Global Landsat Orthorectified images from three epochs (circa 1975, 1990, and 2000), selected from satellite images archived at EROS. TerraLook is intended to broaden the satellite data user community by providing both ASTER and Tri-Decadal Global Landsat Orthorectified data (from three different epochs) as simulated natural color JPEG images.

An overview of the Tri-Decadal Global Landsat Orthorectified data collection.