安卓蓝牙Bluetooth基本操作 |
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安卓蓝牙Bluetooth基本操作
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注意：最新版已移至此处 时间：2021-05-4：点击此处 1、效果图
2、AndroidManifest.xml添加如下代码 //所有手机需要的权限，蓝牙功能才能正常使用 //部分手机（如小米等）需要将下面两个权限添加进去，蓝牙功能才能正常使用3、MainActivity主要类 public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity { private final static int SEARCH_CODE = 0x123; private BluetoothAdapter mBluetoothAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter(); private static final String TAG = "MainActivity"; private List mBlueList = new ArrayList(); private ListView lisetView; private TextView textView1; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); lisetView = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.list_view); textView1 = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.textView1); Log.e(TAG, "onCreate: GPS是否可用：" + isGpsEnable(this)); init(); } //gps是否可用(有些设备可能需要定位) public static final boolean isGpsEnable(final Context context) { LocationManager locationManager = (LocationManager) context.getSystemService(Context.LOCATION_SERVICE); boolean gps = locationManager.isProviderEnabled(LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER); boolean network = locationManager.isProviderEnabled(LocationManager.NETWORK_PROVIDER); if (gps || network) { return true; } return false; } /** * 判断蓝牙是否开启 */ private void init() { // 判断手机是否支持蓝牙 if (mBluetoothAdapter == null) { Toast.makeText(this, "设备不支持蓝牙", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); finish(); } // 判断是否打开蓝牙 if (!mBluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()) { //弹出对话框提示用户是后打开 Intent intent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE); startActivityForResult(intent,SEARCH_CODE); } else { // 不做提示，强行打开 mBluetoothAdapter.enable(); } startDiscovery(); Log.e(TAG, "startDiscovery: 开启蓝牙"); } /** * 注册异步搜索蓝牙设备的广播 */ private void startDiscovery() { // 找到设备的广播 IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND); // 注册广播 registerReceiver(receiver, filter); // 搜索完成的广播 IntentFilter filter1 = new IntentFilter(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED); // 注册广播 registerReceiver(receiver, filter1); Log.e(TAG, "startDiscovery: 注册广播"); startScanBluth(); } /** * 广播接收器 */ private final BroadcastReceiver receiver = new BroadcastReceiver() { @Override public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) { // 收到的广播类型 String action = intent.getAction(); // 发现设备的广播 if (BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND.equals(action)) { // 从intent中获取设备 BluetoothDevice device = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE); // 没否配对 if (device.getBondState() != BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDED) { if (!mBlueList.contains(device)) { mBlueList.add(device); } textView1.setText("附近设备：" + mBlueList.size() + "个\u3000\u3000本机蓝牙地址：" + getBluetoothAddress()); MyAdapter adapter = new MyAdapter(MainActivity.this, mBlueList); lisetView.setAdapter(adapter); Log.e(TAG, "onReceive: " + mBlueList.size()); Log.e(TAG, "onReceive: " + (device.getName() + ":" + device.getAddress() + " ：" + "m" + "\n")); } // 搜索完成 } else if (BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED.equals(action)) { // 关闭进度条 progressDialog.dismiss(); Log.e(TAG, "onReceive: 搜索完成"); } } }; private ProgressDialog progressDialog; /** * 搜索蓝牙的方法 */ private void startScanBluth() { // 判断是否在搜索,如果在搜索，就取消搜索 if (mBluetoothAdapter.isDiscovering()) { mBluetoothAdapter.cancelDiscovery(); } // 开始搜索 mBluetoothAdapter.startDiscovery(); if (progressDialog == null) { progressDialog = new ProgressDialog(this); } progressDialog.setMessage("正在搜索，请稍后！"); progressDialog.show(); } @Override protected void onDestroy() { super.onDestroy(); if (receiver != null) { //取消注册,防止内存泄露（onDestroy被回调代不代表Activity被回收？：具体回收看系统，由GC回收，同时广播会注册到系统 //管理的ams中，即使activity被回收，reciver也不会被回收，所以一定要取消注册）， unregisterReceiver(receiver); } } /** * 获取本机蓝牙地址 */ private String getBluetoothAddress() { try { BluetoothAdapter bluetoothAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter(); Field field = bluetoothAdapter.getClass().getDeclaredField("mService"); // 参数值为true，禁用访问控制检查 field.setAccessible(true); Object bluetoothManagerService = field.get(bluetoothAdapter); if (bluetoothManagerService == null) { return null; } Method method = bluetoothManagerService.getClass().getMethod("getAddress"); Object address = method.invoke(bluetoothManagerService); if (address != null && address instanceof String) { return (String) address; } else { return null; } //抛一个总异常省的一堆代码... } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return null; } @Override protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) { super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data); if (requestCode==SEARCH_CODE){ startDiscovery(); } Log.e(TAG, "onActivityResult: "+requestCode ); Log.e(TAG, "onActivityResult: "+resultCode ); Log.e(TAG, "onActivityResult: "+requestCode ); } }注意：看有些文章开了定时器一直刷，不建议这样做，只需启动一次会搜索附近的（测试的时候大概10秒加载完）如果没搜索到可以在右上角加个刷新按钮在调用对应方法即可，在搜索的同时有新设备开启蓝牙也是能扫描到的 3、activity_main 布局 4、MyAdapter 适配器 public class MyAdapter extends BaseAdapter { private List mBluelist; private LayoutInflater layoutInflater; public MyAdapter(Context context, List list) { this.mBluelist = list; this.layoutInflater = LayoutInflater.from(context); } @Override public int getCount() { return mBluelist.size(); } @Override public Object getItem(int position) { return mBluelist.get(position); } @Override public long getItemId(int position) { return position; } @Override public View getView(int position, View view, ViewGroup viewGroup) { ViewHolder viewHolder; if (view == null) { viewHolder = new ViewHolder(); view = layoutInflater.inflate(R.layout.list_device_item, null); viewHolder.deviceName = view.findViewById(R.id.device_name); viewHolder.deviceAddress = view.findViewById(R.id.device_address); viewHolder.deviceType = view.findViewById(R.id.device_type); viewHolder.deviceState = view.findViewById(R.id.device_state); view.setTag(viewHolder); } else { viewHolder = (ViewHolder) view.getTag(); } //详细参考：http://blog.csdn.net/mirkowu/article/details/53862842 BluetoothDevice blueDevice = mBluelist.get(position); //设备名称 String deviceName = blueDevice.getName(); viewHolder.deviceName.setText(TextUtils.isEmpty(deviceName) ? "未知设备" : deviceName); //设备的蓝牙地（地址为17位，都为大写字母-该项貌似不可能为空） String deviceAddress = blueDevice.getAddress(); viewHolder.deviceAddress.setText(deviceAddress); //设备的蓝牙设备类型（DEVICE_TYPE_CLASSIC 传统蓝牙 常量值：1, DEVICE_TYPE_LE 低功耗蓝牙 常量值：2 //DEVICE_TYPE_DUAL 双模蓝牙 常量值：3. DEVICE_TYPE_UNKNOWN：未知 常量值：0） int deviceType = blueDevice.getType(); if (deviceType == 0) { viewHolder.deviceType.setText("未知类型"); } else if (deviceType == 1) { viewHolder.deviceType.setText("传统蓝牙"); } else if (deviceType == 2) { viewHolder.deviceType.setText("低功耗蓝牙"); } else if (deviceType == 3) { viewHolder.deviceType.setText("双模蓝牙"); } //设备的状态（BOND_BONDED：已绑定 常量值：12, BOND_BONDING：绑定中 常量值：11, BOND_NONE：未匹配 常量值：10） int deviceState = blueDevice.getBondState(); if (deviceState == 10) { viewHolder.deviceState.setText("未匹配"); } else if (deviceState == 11) { viewHolder.deviceState.setText("绑定中"); } else if (deviceState == 12) { viewHolder.deviceState.setText("已绑定"); } //返回远程设备支持的UUID。此方法从远程设备检索UUID不启动服务。 而是返回服务UUID的本地缓存。 //如果需要刷新UUID，使用fetchUuidsWithSdp（）方法 //ParcelUuid[] deviceUuid = blueDevice.getUuids(); //blueDevice.fetchUuidsWithSdp(); boolean类型 return view; } private class ViewHolder { TextView deviceName; TextView deviceAddress; TextView deviceType; TextView deviceState; } }5、list_device_item 适配器布局 |
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