对于既有区域尺度泛滥平原湖泊又有复杂河系的地区，地下水与湖泊河流的水交换分配格局及其在年尺度气候变化下的时间变化是水资源研究的重要问题。和生态环境，但很少透露。本研究提出了鄱阳湖地区地下水数值模型，以揭示地下水-湖泊水交汇和地下水-河流水交汇的时间变化模式的差异，并评估年尺度气候的潜在影响。水交换的时空变化和地下水净排放到河流和湖泊的分配模式。研究发现，月地下水排放到地表水中表现出显着的时间变异性，这揭示了月地下水排放与湖泊水位和降水量之间的反比关系。雨季可导致鄱阳湖地下水补给。我们的模拟结果表明，在 2018 年旱年，入鄱阳湖的月地下水排放量和鄱阳湖的月地下水补给量为 0.97-9.67 × 108 m 3 /月和0.07-2.54 × 10 8 m 3 /月，分别。此外，地下水与鄱阳湖的年换水量为9.44×10 8 m 3 /年，地下水向鄱阳湖的年净排放量为6.76×10 8 m 3 /年。但地下水与五河的水力相互作用仅表现为地下水排入河流，五河的月地下水排入量为0.20～0.72×10 8 m 3 /月，年地下水总排入量为5.32×10 8 m 32018年/年。另外，我们2010年雨年换水结果表明，地下水与鄱阳湖的年换水量为22.74×10 8 m 3 /年，地下水向鄱阳湖的年净排放量为1.26 × 10 8 m 3 /年，5河年地下水排放量为8.10 × 10 8 m 3/年。这些 2010 年雨年和 2018 年旱年结果的比较可以揭示年尺度气候对地下水和地表水之间水交换的影响，并暗示雨年可以增加总水交换量但减少地下水总净排放到地表水中，而地下水在雨年更有可能排放到河流中。此外，发现雨年可以显着改变地下水和湖水之间水交换的空间分布，反向粒子跟踪模拟有助于识别地下水和区域尺度之间的水交换空间分布。湖。

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For areas possessing both regional-scale floodplain lakes and complex river system, the allocation pattern of water interchange between the groundwater and the lakes and rivers, as well as its temporal variations under year-scale climate changes, are important issues in regard to water resources and ecology environment but are rarely revealed. This study presented a numerical groundwater modeling of the Poyang Lake area to reveal the difference of the temporal variation patterns of the groundwater-lake water interchange and that of the groundwater-river water interchange, and to assess the potential effects of year-scale climate on the temporal-spatial variability of water interchange and on the allocation pattern of the net groundwater discharges into rivers and lake. It is found that the monthly groundwater discharge into surface water exhibits significant temporal variability, which reveals an inverse correlation between monthly groundwater discharge and lake water levels and precipitation amounts. Rainy months can lead to groundwater recharge from the Poyang Lake. Our simulated results reveal that, in the dry year of 2018, the variable monthly groundwater discharge into Poyang Lake and the monthly groundwater recharge from Poyang Lake were 0.97–9.67 × 108 m3/month and 0.07–2.54 × 108 m3/month, respectively. Additionally, the annual water interchange amount between groundwater and the Poyang Lake was 9.44 × 108 m3/year, and the annual net groundwater discharge into Poyang Lake was 6.76 × 108 m3/year. However, the hydraulic interaction between groundwater and the five rivers only features groundwater discharge into rivers with variable monthly groundwater discharge into the five rivers of 0.20–0.72 × 108 m3/month and an annual total groundwater discharge amount of 5.32 × 108 m3/year in 2018. Additionally, our water interchange results of the rainy year of 2010 indicate that the annual water interchange amount between groundwater and the Poyang Lake was 22.74 × 108 m3/year, the annual net groundwater discharge into the Poyang Lake was 1.26 × 108 m3/year, and the annual groundwater discharge into the five rivers was 8.10 × 108 m3/year. These comparisons between the results of the rainy year of 2010 and dry year of 2018 can reveal the effects of the year-scale climate on water exchange between groundwater and surface water and imply that a rainy year can increase the total water interchange amount but decrease the total net groundwater discharge into surface water and that groundwater is more likely to discharge into rivers during a rainy year. Furthermore, it is found that a rainy year can significantly alter the spatial distribution of the water interchange between groundwater and lake water and that the backward particle tracking simulation could be helpful in regard to identifying the spatial distribution of water exchange between groundwater and regional-scale lake. These findings can contribute to a deeper understanding of climate effects on the spatial–temporal variability of water interchange between groundwater and surface water in regional floodplain lake areas and provide useful information for the evaluation of local water resources and the estimation of pollutant transportation.