【Java】最全面的英文单词单数复数形式转换，覆盖常见11种单复数形式转换 |
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【Java】最全面的英文单词单数复数形式转换，覆盖常见11种单复数形式转换
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一、需求
实现英文单词的单数变复数，复数变单数形式，如orange -> oranges，oranges -> orange。 二、API功能1、单数 -> 复数 String plural = EnglishWordUtil.pluralize("map");2、是否为单数 boolean isSingular = EnglishWordUtil.isSingular("map");3、复数 -> 单数 String singular = EnglishWordUtil.singularize("maps");4、是否为复数 boolean isPlural = EnglishWordUtil.isPlural("maps"); 三、支持的单复数转换类型0、单复数同形 deer,shoes,sheep,Chinese,news… 1、单数复数的不规则变化 person,man,child,foot… 2、直接加"-s"的x国人 German,Russian,American… 3、以s, ss，x, ch, sh结尾的名词加"-es" bus,class,watch… 4、以元音字母+o结尾（除studio），后面加"-s" zoo,kangaroo… 5、以辅音字母+o结尾（除studio,piano,kilo,photo)，后面加"-es" hero,potato,tomato… 6、以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，变y为i加"-es" city,factory,family… 7、以元音字母加y结尾的名词直接加"-s" boy,toy,monkey… 8、除了roof，gulf，proof，beef，staff，belief，cliff，以fe或f结尾的名词，把fe或f变为v加"-es" knife,wolf,life,cliff… 9、无连字号复合名词，后面名词变复数 mooncake,gentleman,housewife… 10、普通名词，加s map,orange… 四、代码（Java正则实现）工具类： import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; import java.util.regex.Matcher; import java.util.regex.Pattern; // 正则模式和对应的替换字符串 class PatternAndReplacement { private Pattern pattern; private String replacement; public PatternAndReplacement(Pattern pattern, String replacement) { this.pattern = pattern; this.replacement = replacement; } public Pattern getPattern() { return pattern; } public void setPattern(Pattern pattern) { this.pattern = pattern; } public String getReplacement() { return replacement; } public void setReplacement(String replacement) { this.replacement = replacement; } } // 英文单词单数、复数形式转换 public class EnglishWordUtil { //一、单复数同形 private static List uncountables = new ArrayList(); //二、单数 -> 复数的不规则变化 private static List unregularSingularToPlural = new ArrayList(); //三、单数 -> 复数 private static List singularToPlural = new ArrayList(); //四、复数 -> 单数的不规则变化 private static List unregularPluralToSingular = new ArrayList(); //五、复数 -> 单数 private static List pluralToSingular = new ArrayList(); static { //一、单复数同形 uncountables.add("deer"); uncountables.add("shoes"); uncountables.add("sheep"); uncountables.add("fish"); uncountables.add("Chinese"); uncountables.add("English"); uncountables.add("Portuguese"); uncountables.add("Lebanese"); uncountables.add("Swiss"); uncountables.add("Vietnamese"); uncountables.add("Japanese"); uncountables.add("economics"); uncountables.add("news"); uncountables.add("human"); //二、单数 -> 复数的不规则变化 unregularSingularToPlural.add(new PatternAndReplacement(Pattern.compile("^person$", Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE), "people")); unregularSingularToPlural.add(new PatternAndReplacement(Pattern.compile("([^(Ger)])man", Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE), "$1men")); unregularSingularToPlural.add(new PatternAndReplacement(Pattern.compile("^man$", Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE), "men")); unregularSingularToPlural.add(new PatternAndReplacement(Pattern.compile("^child$", Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE), "children")); unregularSingularToPlural.add(new PatternAndReplacement(Pattern.compile("^foot$", Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE), "feet")); unregularSingularToPlural.add(new PatternAndReplacement(Pattern.compile("^tooth$", Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE), "teeth")); unregularSingularToPlural.add(new PatternAndReplacement(Pattern.compile("^(m|l)ouse$", Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE), "$1ice")); unregularSingularToPlural.add(new PatternAndReplacement(Pattern.compile("^matrix$", Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE), "matrices")); unregularSingularToPlural.add(new PatternAndReplacement(Pattern.compile("^vertex$", Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE), "vertices")); unregularSingularToPlural.add(new PatternAndReplacement(Pattern.compile("^ox$", Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE), "oxen")); unregularSingularToPlural.add(new PatternAndReplacement(Pattern.compile("^goose$", Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE), "geese")); unregularSingularToPlural.add(new PatternAndReplacement(Pattern.compile("^basis$", Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE), "bases")); //三、单数 -> 复数 //2、直接加"-s"的x国人 singularToPlural.add(new PatternAndReplacement(Pattern.compile("^((German)|(Russian)|(American)|(Italian)|(Indian)|(Canadian)|(Australian)|(Swede))$", Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE), "$1s")); //3、以s, ss，x, ch, sh结尾的名词加"-es" singularToPlural.add(new PatternAndReplacement(Pattern.compile("(s|ss|x|ch|sh)$", Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE), "$1es")); //4、以元音字母+o结尾（除studio），后面加"-s" singularToPlural.add(new PatternAndReplacement(Pattern.compile("^studio$", Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE), "studios")); singularToPlural.add(new PatternAndReplacement(Pattern.compile("([aeiou])o$", Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE), "$1os")); //5、以辅音字母+o结尾（除studio,piano,kilo,photo)，后面加"-es" singularToPlural.add(new PatternAndReplacement(Pattern.compile("^((pian)|(kil)|(phot))o$", Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE), "$1os")); singularToPlural.add(new PatternAndReplacement(Pattern.compile("([^aeiou])o$", Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE), "$1oes")); //6、以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，变y为i加"-es " singularToPlural.add(new PatternAndReplacement(Pattern.compile("([^aeiou])y$", Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE), "$1ies")); //7、以元音字母加y结尾的名词直接加"-s" singularToPlural.add(new PatternAndReplacement(Pattern.compile("([aeiou])y$", Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE), "$1ys")); //8、除了roof，gulf，proof，beef，staff，belief，cliff //以fe或f结尾的名词，把fe或f变为v加"-es" singularToPlural.add(new PatternAndReplacement(Pattern.compile("^((roo)|(gul)|(proo)|(bee)|(staf)|(belie)|(clif))f$", Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE), "$1fs")); singularToPlural.add(new PatternAndReplacement(Pattern.compile("(fe|f)$", Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE), "ves")); //9、无连字号复合名词，后面名词变复数 singularToPlural.add(new PatternAndReplacement(Pattern.compile("(cake)$", Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE), "cakes")); singularToPlural.add(new PatternAndReplacement(Pattern.compile("(watch)$", Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE), "watches")); singularToPlural.add(new PatternAndReplacement(Pattern.compile("(chair)$", Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE), "chairs")); singularToPlural.add(new PatternAndReplacement(Pattern.compile("(man)$", Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE), "men")); singularToPlural.add(new PatternAndReplacement(Pattern.compile("(wife)$", Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE), "wives")); singularToPlural.add(new PatternAndReplacement(Pattern.compile("(glass)$", Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE), "glasses")); singularToPlural.add(new PatternAndReplacement(Pattern.compile("(house)$", Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE), "houses")); //四、复数 -> 单数的不规则变化 unregularPluralToSingular.add(new PatternAndReplacement(Pattern.compile("^people$", Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE), "person")); unregularPluralToSingular.add(new PatternAndReplacement(Pattern.compile("([^(Ger)])men", Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE), "$1man")); unregularPluralToSingular.add(new PatternAndReplacement(Pattern.compile("^men$", Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE), "man")); unregularPluralToSingular.add(new PatternAndReplacement(Pattern.compile("^children$", Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE), "child")); unregularPluralToSingular.add(new PatternAndReplacement(Pattern.compile("^feet$", Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE), "foot")); unregularPluralToSingular.add(new PatternAndReplacement(Pattern.compile("^teeth$", Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE), "tooth")); unregularPluralToSingular.add(new PatternAndReplacement(Pattern.compile("^(m|l)ice$", Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE), "$1ouse")); unregularPluralToSingular.add(new PatternAndReplacement(Pattern.compile("^matrices$", Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE), "matrix")); unregularPluralToSingular.add(new PatternAndReplacement(Pattern.compile("^vertices$", Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE), "vertex")); unregularPluralToSingular.add(new PatternAndReplacement(Pattern.compile("^oxen$", Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE), "ox")); unregularPluralToSingular.add(new PatternAndReplacement(Pattern.compile("^geese$", Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE), "goose")); unregularPluralToSingular.add(new PatternAndReplacement(Pattern.compile("^bases$", Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE), "basis")); //五、复数 -> 单数 //9、无连字号复合名词，后面名词变复数 pluralToSingular.add(new PatternAndReplacement(Pattern.compile("(cakes)$", Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE), "cake")); pluralToSingular.add(new PatternAndReplacement(Pattern.compile("(watches)$", Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE), "watch")); pluralToSingular.add(new PatternAndReplacement(Pattern.compile("(chairs)$", Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE), "chair")); pluralToSingular.add(new PatternAndReplacement(Pattern.compile("(men)$", Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE), "man")); pluralToSingular.add(new PatternAndReplacement(Pattern.compile("(wives)$", Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE), "wife")); pluralToSingular.add(new PatternAndReplacement(Pattern.compile("(glasses)$", Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE), "glass")); pluralToSingular.add(new PatternAndReplacement(Pattern.compile("(houses)$", Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE), "house")); //2、直接加"-s"的x国人 pluralToSingular.add(new PatternAndReplacement(Pattern.compile("^((German)|(Russian)|(American)|(Italian)|(Indian)|(Canadian)|(Australian)|(Swede))s$", Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE), "$1")); //3、以s, ss，x, ch, sh结尾的名词加"-es" pluralToSingular.add(new PatternAndReplacement(Pattern.compile("houses$", Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE), "house")); pluralToSingular.add(new PatternAndReplacement(Pattern.compile("(s|ss|x|ch|sh)es$", Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE), "$1")); //4、以元音字母+o结尾（除studio），后面加"-s" pluralToSingular.add(new PatternAndReplacement(Pattern.compile("^studios", Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE), "studio")); pluralToSingular.add(new PatternAndReplacement(Pattern.compile("^([aeiou])os$", Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE), "$1")); //5、以辅音字母+o结尾（除studio,piano,kilo,photo)，后面加"-es" pluralToSingular.add(new PatternAndReplacement(Pattern.compile("^((pian)|(kil)|(phot))os$", Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE), "$1o")); pluralToSingular.add(new PatternAndReplacement(Pattern.compile("([^aeiou])oes$", Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE), "$1o")); //6、以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，变y为i加"-es " pluralToSingular.add(new PatternAndReplacement(Pattern.compile("([^aeiou])ies$", Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE), "$1y")); //7、以元音字母加y结尾的名词直接加"-s" pluralToSingular.add(new PatternAndReplacement(Pattern.compile("^([aeiou])ys$", Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE), "$1")); //8、除了roof，gulf，proof，beef，staff，belief，cliff //以fe或f结尾的名词，把fe或f变为v加"-es" pluralToSingular.add(new PatternAndReplacement(Pattern.compile("^((roo)|(gul)|(proo)|(bee)|(staf)|(belie)|(clif))fs$", Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE), "$1f")); pluralToSingular.add(new PatternAndReplacement(Pattern.compile("^((kni)|(wi)|(li))ves$", Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE), "$1fe")); pluralToSingular.add(new PatternAndReplacement(Pattern.compile("ves$", Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE), "f")); } // 是否为单数形式 public static boolean isSingular(String word) { if (word == null || word.length() == 0) { return false; } // 1、单复数同形 if (uncountables.contains(word)) { return true; } //2、不规则变化 for (PatternAndReplacement unregular : unregularSingularToPlural) { Matcher matcher = unregular.getPattern().matcher(word); if (matcher.find()) { return true; } } //3、规则变化 for (PatternAndReplacement regular : singularToPlural) { Matcher matcher = regular.getPattern().matcher(word); if (matcher.find()) { return true; } } return word.charAt(word.length()-1) != 's'; } // 单数 -> 复数 public static String pluralize(String word) { if (word == null || word.length() == 0) { return ""; } //1、单复数同形 if (uncountables.contains(word)) { return word; } //2、不规则变化 for (PatternAndReplacement unregular : unregularSingularToPlural) { Matcher matcher = unregular.getPattern().matcher(word); if (matcher.find()) { return matcher.replaceAll(unregular.getReplacement()); } } //3、规则变化 for (PatternAndReplacement regular : singularToPlural) { Matcher matcher = regular.getPattern().matcher(word); if (matcher.find()) { return matcher.replaceAll(regular.getReplacement()); } } return word + "s"; } // 是否为复数形式 public static boolean isPlural(String word) { if (word == null || word.length() == 0) { return false; } // 1、单复数同形 if (uncountables.contains(word)) { return true; } //2、不规则变化 for (PatternAndReplacement unregular : unregularPluralToSingular) { Matcher matcher = unregular.getPattern().matcher(word); if (matcher.find()) { return true; } } //3、规则变化 for (PatternAndReplacement regular : pluralToSingular) { Matcher matcher = regular.getPattern().matcher(word); if (matcher.find()) { return true; } } return word.charAt(word.length()-1) == 's'; } // 复数 -> 单数 public static String singularize(String word) { if (word == null || word.length() == 0) { return ""; } //1、单复数同形 if (uncountables.contains(word)) { return word; } //2、不规则变化 for (PatternAndReplacement unregular : unregularPluralToSingular) { Matcher matcher = unregular.getPattern().matcher(word); if (matcher.find()) { return matcher.replaceAll(unregular.getReplacement()); } } //3、规则变化 for (PatternAndReplacement regular : pluralToSingular) { Matcher matcher = regular.getPattern().matcher(word); if (matcher.find()) { return matcher.replaceAll(regular.getReplacement()); } } //去掉最后一个字母s return word.substring(0, word.length()-1); } } 五、测试 import java.util.HashMap; // EnglishWordUtil测试类 public class EnglishWordUtilTest { public static void main(String[] args) { //0、单复数同形 HashMap map0 = new HashMap(); map0.put("deer", "deer"); map0.put("shoes", "shoes"); map0.put("sheep", "sheep"); map0.put("fish", "fish"); map0.put("Chinese", "Chinese"); map0.put("English", "English"); map0.put("Portuguese", "Portuguese"); map0.put("Lebanese", "Lebanese"); map0.put("Swiss", "Swiss"); map0.put("Vietnamese", "Vietnamese"); map0.put("Japanese", "Japanese"); map0.put("economics", "economics"); map0.put("news", "news"); map0.put("human", "human"); //1、单数复数的不规则变化 HashMap map1 = new HashMap(); map1.put("person", "people"); map1.put("man", "men"); map1.put("child", "children"); map1.put("foot", "feet"); map1.put("tooth", "teeth"); map1.put("mouse", "mice"); map1.put("louse", "lice"); map1.put("matrix", "matrices"); map1.put("vertex", "vertices"); map1.put("ox", "oxen"); map1.put("goose", "geese"); map1.put("basis", "bases"); //2、直接加"-s"的x国人 HashMap map2 = new HashMap(); map2.put("German", "Germans"); map2.put("Russian", "Russians"); map2.put("American", "Americans"); map2.put("Italian", "Italians"); map2.put("Indian", "Indians"); map2.put("Canadian", "Canadians"); map2.put("Australian", "Australians"); map2.put("Swede", "Swedes"); //3、以s, x, ch, sh结尾，加"-es" HashMap map3 = new HashMap(); map3.put("bus", "buses"); map3.put("class", "classes"); map3.put("box", "boxes"); map3.put("sex", "sexes"); map3.put("watch", "watches"); map3.put("brush", "brushes"); //4、以元音字母+o结尾，后面加"-s" HashMap map4 = new HashMap(); map4.put("zoo", "zoos"); map4.put("photo", "photos"); map4.put("kangaroo", "kangaroos"); map4.put("bamboo", "bamboos"); map4.put("radio", "radios"); map4.put("piano", "pianos"); map4.put("video", "videos"); map4.put("kilo", "kilos"); map4.put("studio", "studios"); //5、以辅音字母+o结尾（除studio,piano,kilo,photo)，后面加"-es" HashMap map5 = new HashMap(); map5.put("hero", "heroes"); map5.put("Negro", "Negroes"); map5.put("tomato", "tomatoes"); map5.put("potato", "potatoes"); map5.put("mango", "mangoes"); //6、以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，变y为i加"-es " HashMap map6 = new HashMap(); map6.put("baby", "babies"); map6.put("city", "cities"); map6.put("factory", "factories"); map6.put("family", "families"); //7、以元音字母加y结尾的名词直接加"-s" HashMap map7 = new HashMap(); map7.put("boy", "boys"); map7.put("toy", "toys"); map7.put("monkey", "monkeys"); //8、除了roof，gulf，proof，beef，staff，belief，cliff //以fe或f结尾的名词，把fe或f变为v加"-es" HashMap map8 = new HashMap(); map8.put("roof", "roofs"); map8.put("gulf", "gulfs"); map8.put("proof", "proofs"); map8.put("beef", "beefs"); map8.put("staff", "staffs"); map8.put("belief", "beliefs"); map8.put("cliff", "cliffs"); map8.put("knife", "knives"); map8.put("wife", "wives"); map8.put("wolf", "wolves"); map8.put("life", "lives"); //9、无连字号复合名词，后面名词变复数 HashMap map9 = new HashMap(); map9.put("mooncake", "mooncakes"); map9.put("stopwatch", "stopwatches"); map9.put("armchair", "armchairs"); map9.put("gentleman", "gentlemen"); map9.put("housewife", "housewives"); map9.put("wineglass", "wineglasses"); map9.put("greenhouse", "greenhouses"); //10、普通名词，加s HashMap map10 = new HashMap(); map10.put("map", "maps"); map10.put("orange", "oranges"); map10.put("user", "users"); map10.put("German", "Germans"); map10.put("Russian", "Russians"); map10.put("American", "Americans"); map10.put("Italian", "Italians"); map10.put("Indian", "Indians"); map10.put("Canadian", "Canadians"); map10.put("Australian", "Australians"); map10.put("Swede", "Swedes"); testIsSingular(map0, 0); testIsSingular(map1, 1); testIsSingular(map2, 2); testIsSingular(map3, 3); testIsSingular(map4, 4); testIsSingular(map5, 5); testIsSingular(map6, 6); testIsSingular(map7, 7); testIsSingular(map8, 8); testIsSingular(map9, 9); testIsSingular(map10, 10); testPluralize(map0, 0); testPluralize(map1, 1); testPluralize(map2, 2); testPluralize(map3, 3); testPluralize(map4, 4); testPluralize(map5, 5); testPluralize(map6, 6); testPluralize(map7, 7); testPluralize(map8, 8); testPluralize(map9, 9); testPluralize(map10, 10); testIsPlural(map0, 0); testIsPlural(map1, 1); testIsPlural(map2, 2); testIsPlural(map3, 3); testIsPlural(map4, 4); testIsPlural(map5, 5); testIsPlural(map6, 6); testIsPlural(map7, 7); testIsPlural(map8, 8); testIsPlural(map9, 9); testIsPlural(map10, 10); testSingularize(map0, 0); testSingularize(map1, 1); testSingularize(map2, 2); testSingularize(map3, 3); testSingularize(map4, 4); testSingularize(map5, 5); testSingularize(map6, 6); testSingularize(map7, 7); testSingularize(map8, 8); testSingularize(map9, 9); testSingularize(map10, 10); } // 测试EnglishWordUtil.isSingular() private static void testIsSingular(HashMap map, int order) { System.out.println("\n----------------是否为单数 测试第" + order + "种类型------------------"); for (String singular : map.keySet()) { boolean isSingular = EnglishWordUtil.isSingular(singular); String correctPlural = map.get(singular); if (isSingular) { System.out.println("第" + order + "种类型 " + singular + "为单数形式，判断正确"); } else { System.err.println("第" + order + "种类型 " + singular + "为单数形式，判断错误"); } } } // 测试EnglishWordUtil.pluralize() private static void testPluralize(HashMap map, int order) { System.out.println("\n----------------单数变复数 测试第" + order + "种类型------------------"); for (String singular : map.keySet()) { String plural = EnglishWordUtil.pluralize(singular); String correctPlural = map.get(singular); if (plural.equals(correctPlural)) { System.out.println("第" + order + "种类型 单数：" + singular + "，复数：" + plural + "，判断正确"); } else { System.err.println("第" + order + "种类型 单数：" + singular + "，复数：" + plural + "，判断错误，正确复数为：" + correctPlural); } } } // 测试EnglishWordUtil.isPlural() private static void testIsPlural(HashMap map, int order) { System.out.println("\n----------------是否为复数 测试第" + order + "种类型------------------"); for (String singular : map.keySet()) { String plural = map.get(singular); boolean isPlural = EnglishWordUtil.isPlural(plural); if (isPlural) { System.out.println("第" + order + "种类型 " + plural + "为复数形式，判断正确"); } else { System.err.println("第" + order + "种类型 " + plural + "为复数形式，判断错误"); } } } // 测试EnglishWordUtil.singularize() private static void testSingularize(HashMap map, int order) { System.out.println("\n----------------复数变单数 测试第" + order + "种类型------------------"); for (String correctSingular : map.keySet()) { String plural = map.get(correctSingular); String singular = EnglishWordUtil.singularize(plural); if (singular.equals(correctSingular)) { System.out.println("第" + order + "种类型 复数：" + plural + "，单数：" + singular + "，判断正确"); } else { System.err.println("第" + order + "种类型 复数：" + plural + "，单数：" + singular + "，判断错误，正确单数为：" + correctSingular); } } } }测试结果截图： |
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