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三菱PLC与上位机串口通信
一.三菱Fx系列PLC编程口通讯协议地址算法1.DEVICE READ（读出软设备状态值）2.DEVICE WRITE（向PLC 软设备写入值）3.位设备强制置位/复位4.三菱Fx系列PLC地址对应表
二.源代码1.ui文件2.PlcConnection.h3.PlcConnection.cpp4.main.cpp
参考资料：
一.三菱Fx系列PLC编程口通讯协议地址算法
三菱PLC编程口通讯协议三菱PLC编程口的通讯协议只有四个命令：
命令命令码目标设备DEVICE READ CMD“0”X,Y,M,S,T,C,DDEVICE WRITE CMD“1”X,Y,M,S,T,C,DFORCE ON CMD“7”X,Y,M,S,T,CFORCE OFF CMD“8”X,Y,M,S,T,C
五个标示：
ENQ05H请求ACK06HPLC正确响应NAK15HPLC错误响应STX02H报文开始ETX03H报文结束
使用累加方式的和校验，帧格式如下： STX CMD DATA … DATA ETX SUM(upper) SUM(lower) 和校验： SUM= CMD+……+ETX。 如SUM=73H，SUM=“73”。
1.DEVICE READ（读出软设备状态值）
计算机向PLC发送： 始命令 首地址 位数 终和校验 STX CMD GROUP ADDRESS BYTES ETX SUM PLC 返回 STX 1ST DATA 2ND DATA … LAST DATA ETX SUM
2.DEVICE WRITE（向PLC 软设备写入值）
计算机向PLC发送： 始命令 首地址 位数 数据 终和校验 PLC 返回 ACK (06H) 接受正确 NAK (15H) 接受错误
3.位设备强制置位/复位
FORCE ON 置位 始命令 地址 终和校验 STX CMD ADDRESS ETX SUM 02H 37H ADDRESS 03H SUM FORCE OFF 复位 始 命令 地址 终 和校验 STX CMD ADDRESS ETX SUM 02H 38H ADDRESS 03H SUM PLC 返回 ACK(06H) 接受正确 NAK(15H) 接受错误
4.三菱Fx系列PLC地址对应表
以上就是这些协议，但是由于没有寄存器类型信息，所以地址的计算十分关键，如D100和M100分别对应哪个地址呢？下面就是三菱Fx系列PLC地址对应表。
Public Const PLC_D_Base_AddRess = 4096
Public Const PLC_D_Special_Base_AddRess = 3584
Public Const PLC_Y_Group_Base_AddRess = 160
Public Const PLC_PY_Group_Base_AddRess = 672
Public Const PLC_T_Group_Base_AddRess = 192
Public Const PLC_OT_Group_Base_AddRess = 704
Public Const PLC_RT_Group_Base_AddRess = 1216
Public Const PLC_M_SINGLE_Base_AddRess = 2048(命令为7或8时)
Public Const PLC_M_Group_Base_AddRess = 256
Public Const PLC_PM_Group_Base_AddRess = 768
Public Const PLC_S_Group_Base_AddRess = 0
Public Const PLC_X_Group_Base_AddRess = 128
Public Const PLC_C_Group_Base_AddRess = 448
Public Const PLC_OC_Group_Base_AddRess = 960
Public Const PLC_RC_Group_Base_AddRess = 1472
Public Const PLC_TV_Group_Base_AddRess = 2048
Public Const PLC_CV16_Group_Base_AddRess = 2560
Public Const PLC_CV32_Group_Base_AddRess = 3072
当我们用DEVICE READ命令时，D100地址=100*2+4096；M100地址=100+256；不同的是D类型寄存器存放的是字，M寄存器存放的是位，同样是读两个字节，D100返回的就是PLC中D100地址的值，M类型寄存器返回的是M100到M116的值。所以当我们用FORCE ON 命令时，M100寄存器地址=100+2048； 但三菱公司好像不甘于如此，FORCE ON/Off命令中地址排列与DEVICE READ/WRITE不同，是低位在前高位在后。如Y20，地址是0510H，代码中4个字节地址表示为：1005。（注意：Y寄存器为八进制，如Y20地址=16+1280=0510H）
二.源代码
1.ui文件
2.PlcConnection.h
#ifndef MAINWINDOW_H
#define MAINWINDOW_H
#include "ui_PlcConnection.h"
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
//#include
#include
using namespace std;
#define STX 0x02 //报文开始
#define ETX 0x03 //文本结束
#define EOT 0x04 //传送结束
#define ENQ 0x05 //查询
#define ACK 0x06 //PLC肯定响应
#define NAK 0x15 //PLC否定响应
#define DEVICE_READ_CMD '0' //读命令，适用软元件X、Y、M、S、T、C、D
#define DEVICE_WRITE_CMD '1' //写命令，适用软元件X、Y、M、S、T、C、D
#define FORCE_ON_CMD '7' //强制通命令，适用软元件X、Y、M、S、T、C
#define FORCE_OFF_CMD '8' //强制断命令，适用软元件X、Y、M、S、T、C
namespace Ui
{
class PlcConnection;
}
class PlcConnection : public QMainWindow
{
Q_OBJECT
public:
PlcConnection(QWidget *parent = Q_NULLPTR);
//explicit PlcConnection(QWidget* parent = nullptr);
//~PlcConnection();
private:
Ui::PlcConnectionClass ui;
QSerialPort serial;//声明串口类
//public:
private:
//QSerialPort serial;//声明串口类
QTcpServer* server;
QTcpSocket* client;
QUdpSocket* sender;
QUdpSocket* receiver;
QTcpSocket* clientConnection[10];
quint8 index;
QTimer testTimer;
quint16 port_old;
quint16 flag;
QHostAddress serverAddress;
QByteArray datagram;
QTimer* timer;
//public:
private:
void find_seralport();
char ConvertHexChar(char ch);
void StringToHex(QString str, QByteArray& senddata); //字符串转换为十六进制数据0-F
void on_time_scan_serial();
uint8_t sum8(uint8_t data[], uint32_t len); //累加和
int buf2value(char* b);
private slots:
void on_openPortBtn_clicked();
void read_Com(); //手动添加的槽函数声明，用于读出串口缓冲区的内容
void on_sendButton_clicked();
void on_pushButton_2_clicked();
void testFunction();
//void on_BaudBox_currentTextChanged(const QString &arg1);
void onTimeOut();
void on_sendButton_2_clicked();
void on_sendButton_3_clicked();
void on_sendButton_4_clicked();
void on_sendButton_5_clicked();
};
#endif // MAINWINDOW_H
3.PlcConnection.cpp
#include "PlcConnection.h"
#include
#include
#include "ui_PlcConnection.h"
PlcConnection::PlcConnection(QWidget *parent):QMainWindow(parent)
{
ui.setupUi(this);
//关闭发送按钮禁能
ui.sendButton->setEnabled(false);
ui.sendButton_2->setEnabled(false);
ui.sendButton_3->setEnabled(false);
ui.sendButton_4->setEnabled(false);
ui.sendButton_5->setEnabled(false);
/*查找可用的串口*/
find_seralport();
ui.BaudBox->setCurrentText("9600");
ui.BitNumBox->setCurrentText("7 bit");
ui.ParityBox->setCurrentText("EVEN");
//on_time_scan_serial();
}
/* 串口读取回调 */
void PlcConnection::read_Com()
{
qDebug("aaa");
/* 信号到来，读取所有的字符串 */
QByteArray buf = serial.readAll();
QDataStream out(&buf, QIODevice::ReadWrite); //将字节数组读入
while (!out.atEnd())
{
qint8 outChar = 0;
out >> outChar; //每字节填充一次，直到结束
//十六进制的转换
QString str = QString("%1").arg(outChar & 0xFF, 2, 16, QLatin1Char('0'));
qDebug() insertPlainText(" ");
}
char* b = buf.data();
int length = buf.length();
if (length != 0)
ui.recvTextBrowser->insertPlainText("\n");
printf("receive:%d\n", length);
for (int i = 0; i
static char bb[500];
static int index;
uint8_t sum = sum8((uint8_t*)b + 1, length - 3);
unsigned int temp = 0;
sscanf(b + length - 2, "%02x", &temp);
printf("temp = 0x%x\n", temp);
printf("sum = 0x%x\n", sum);
if (temp == sum && b[0] == 0x02)
{
printf("check sum OK\n");
index = 0;
QString display;
for (int i = 0; i
printf("check sum failed\n");
memcpy(bb + index, b, length);
index += length;
uint8_t sum = sum8((uint8_t*)bb + 1, index - 3);
unsigned int temp = 0;
printf("index = %d\n", index);
sscanf(bb + index - 2, "%02x", &temp);
printf("temp = 0x%x\n", temp);
printf("sum = 0x%x\n", sum);
for (int i = 0; i
printf("check sum OK\n");
QString display;
for (int i = 0; i
printf("check sum failed\n");
buf.clear();
fflush(stdout);
return;
}
fflush(stdout);
}
}
else if (length == 1)
{
if (b[0] == 0x06)
{
qDebug()
/* 首地址 */
int addr = ui.spinBox->value();
qDebug() 0x02, DEVICE_READ_CMD, }; //起始、命令
int d_addr = 0;
if (ui.comboBox->currentText() == "S")
d_addr = addr * 2 + 0x0000;
else if (ui.comboBox->currentText() == "X")
d_addr = addr * 2 + 0x0080;
else if (ui.comboBox->currentText() == "Y")
d_addr = addr * 2 + 0x00A0;
else if (ui.comboBox->currentText() == "T")
d_addr = addr * 2 + 0x00C0;
else if (ui.comboBox->currentText() == "M") /**/
d_addr = addr * 2 + 0x0100;
else if (ui.comboBox->currentText() == "C")
d_addr = addr * 2 + 0x01C0;
else if (ui.comboBox->currentText() == "D") /**/
d_addr = addr * 2 + 0x1000;
char d_addr_str[5] = { 0 };
snprintf(d_addr_str, 5, "%04X", d_addr);
/* 地址不需要倒序，值需要倒序 */
for (int i = 0; i 0 };
snprintf(sum_str, 3, "%02X", sum);
buf1[9] = sum_str[0];
buf1[10] = sum_str[1];
/* 打印 */
printf("send:\n");
for (int i = 0; i 0 };
sprintf(tmp, "%02x ", buf1[i]);
str += tmp;
}
qDebug() = 8000 && addr 0x02, 'E', '0', '0', }; //起始、命令
int d_addr = (addr - 8000) * 2;
d_addr += 0x8000;
char d_addr_str[5] = { 0 };
snprintf(d_addr_str, 5, "%04X", d_addr);
for (int i = 0; i 0 };
snprintf(sum_str, 3, "%02X", sum);
buf1[11] = sum_str[0];
buf1[12] = sum_str[1];
/* 打印 */
printf("send:\n");
for (int i = 0; i 0x02, DEVICE_WRITE_CMD, }; //起始、命令：写
/* 首地址 */
int addr = ui.spinBox->value();
if (addr >= 0 && addr 0 };
snprintf(d_addr_str, 5, "%04X", d_addr);
for (int i = 0; i
qDebug() 0 };
snprintf(sum_str, 3, "%02X", sum);
buf1[9 + count * 4] = sum_str[0];
buf1[10 + count * 4] = sum_str[1];
/* 打印 */
printf("send:\n");
for (int i = 0; i = 8000 && addr 0x02, 'E', '1', '0', }; //起始、命令：写
int d_addr = (addr - 8000) * 2;
d_addr += 0x8000;
char d_addr_str[5] = { 0 };
snprintf(d_addr_str, 5, "%04X", d_addr);
for (int i = 0; i
qDebug() 0} };
for (int i = 0; i 0 };
snprintf(sum_str, 3, "%02X", sum);
buf1[11 + count * 4] = sum_str[0];
buf1[12 + count * 4] = sum_str[1];
/* 打印 */
printf("send:\n");
for (int i = 0; i
sum += data[i];
}
return sum;
}
/* 打开串口 */
void PlcConnection::on_openPortBtn_clicked()
{
if (ui.openPortBtn->text() == "打开")
{
ui.openPortBtn->setText("关闭"); //按下“OpenPort”后，按键显示为“ClosePort”
// if(ui->openPortBtn->text() == "打开")
// ui->PortBox->setDisabled(true); //按下“OpenPort”后，禁止再修改COM口
serial.setPortName(ui.PortBox->currentText()); //设置COM口
QSerialPort::BaudRate baud_rate = QSerialPort::Baud115200;
if (ui.BaudBox->currentText() == "1200")
baud_rate = QSerialPort::Baud1200;
else if (ui.BaudBox->currentText() == "9600")
baud_rate = QSerialPort::Baud9600;
else if (ui.BaudBox->currentText() == "2400")
baud_rate = QSerialPort::Baud2400;
else if (ui.BaudBox->currentText() == "4800")
baud_rate = QSerialPort::Baud4800;
else if (ui.BaudBox->currentText() == "9600")
baud_rate = QSerialPort::Baud9600;
else if (ui.BaudBox->currentText() == "19200")
baud_rate = QSerialPort::Baud19200;
else if (ui.BaudBox->currentText() == "38400")
baud_rate = QSerialPort::Baud38400;
else if (ui.BaudBox->currentText() == "57600")
baud_rate = QSerialPort::Baud57600;
else if (ui.BaudBox->currentText() == "115200")
baud_rate = QSerialPort::Baud115200;
serial.setBaudRate(baud_rate); //设置波特率
QSerialPort::DataBits data_bits = QSerialPort::Data8;
if (ui.BitNumBox->currentText() == "8 bit")
data_bits = QSerialPort::Data8;
else if (ui.BitNumBox->currentText() == "7 bit")
data_bits = QSerialPort::Data7;
else if (ui.BitNumBox->currentText() == "6 bit")
data_bits = QSerialPort::Data6;
else if (ui.BitNumBox->currentText() == "5 bit")
data_bits = QSerialPort::Data5;
serial.setDataBits(data_bits); //设置数据位
serial.setFlowControl(QSerialPort::NoFlowControl);//无流控制
QSerialPort::Parity parity = QSerialPort::NoParity;
if (ui.ParityBox->currentText() == "NONE")
parity = QSerialPort::NoParity;
else if (ui.ParityBox->currentText() == "EVEN")
parity = QSerialPort::EvenParity;
else if (ui.ParityBox->currentText() == "ODD")
parity = QSerialPort::OddParity;
else if (ui.ParityBox->currentText() == "SPACE")
parity = QSerialPort::SpaceParity;
else if (ui.ParityBox->currentText() == "MARK")
parity = QSerialPort::MarkParity;
serial.setParity(parity); //设置校验位
QSerialPort::StopBits stop_bits = QSerialPort::OneStop;
if (ui.StopBox->currentText() == "1 bit")
stop_bits = QSerialPort::OneStop;
else if (ui.StopBox->currentText() == "1.5 bit")
stop_bits = QSerialPort::OneAndHalfStop;
else if (ui.StopBox->currentText() == "5 bit")
stop_bits = QSerialPort::TwoStop;
serial.setStopBits(stop_bits); //设置停止位
serial.close(); //先关串口，再打开，可以保证串口不被其它函数占用。
if (serial.open(QIODevice::ReadWrite)) //以可读写的方式打开串口
{
connect(&serial, SIGNAL(readyRead()), this, SLOT(read_Com())); //把串口的readyRead()信号绑定到read_Com()这个槽函数上
}
ui.sendButton->setEnabled(true);
ui.sendButton_2->setEnabled(true);
ui.sendButton_3->setEnabled(true);
ui.sendButton_4->setEnabled(true);
ui.sendButton_5->setEnabled(true);
}
else
{
ui.openPortBtn->setText("打开"); //按下“ClosePort”后，按键显示为“OpenPort”
ui.PortBox->setEnabled(true); //按下“ClosePort”后，COM口可被修改
serial.close(); //关串口
//关闭发送按钮的使能
ui.sendButton->setEnabled(false);
ui.sendButton_2->setEnabled(false);
ui.sendButton_3->setEnabled(false);
ui.sendButton_4->setEnabled(false);
ui.sendButton_5->setEnabled(false);
}
}
/* 清除按钮 */
void PlcConnection::on_pushButton_2_clicked()
{
ui.recvTextBrowser->clear();
}
void PlcConnection::testFunction()
{
// qDebug() read(1);
}
int PlcConnection::buf2value(char* b)
{
char a[4] = { 0 };
a[0] = b[2];
a[1] = b[3];
a[2] = b[0];
a[3] = b[1];
for (int i = 0; i 0x00 };
/* 提取参数 */
QString sand_str(ui.lineEdit_sand1_2->text());
QString temp;
int cnt = 0;
for (int i = 0; ; i++)
{
temp = sand_str.left(2);
if (temp == "")
break;
buf1[i] = temp.toInt(nullptr, 16);
// qDebug() write(buf1, cnt);
// serial.write(ui->textEdit_2->toPlainText().toLatin1());
serial.write(buf1, cnt);
}
/* 查找可用的串口 */
void PlcConnection::find_seralport()
{
foreach(const QSerialPortInfo & info, QSerialPortInfo::availablePorts())
{
QSerialPort serial;
serial.setPort(info);
if (serial.open(QIODevice::ReadWrite))
{
ui.PortBox->addItem(serial.portName());
serial.close();
}
}
}
void PlcConnection::on_time_scan_serial()
{
timer = new QTimer;
connect(timer, SIGNAL(timeout()), this, SLOT(onTimeOut()));
timer->start(1000);
}
void PlcConnection::onTimeOut()
{
find_seralport();
qDebug()
int hexdata, lowhexdata;
int hexdatalen = 0;
int len = str.length();
senddata.resize(len / 2);
char lstr, hstr;
for (int i = 0; i
i++;
continue;
}
i++;
if (i >= len)
break;
lstr = str[i].toLatin1();
hexdata = ConvertHexChar(hstr);
lowhexdata = ConvertHexChar(lstr);
if ((hexdata == 16) || (lowhexdata == 16))
break;
else
hexdata = hexdata * 16 + lowhexdata;
i++;
senddata[hexdatalen] = (char)hexdata;
hexdatalen++;
}
senddata.resize(hexdatalen);
}
char PlcConnection::ConvertHexChar(char ch)
{
if ((ch >= '0') && (ch = 'A') && (ch = 'a') && (ch
uint8_t buf1[100] = { 0x02, FORCE_ON_CMD, }; //起始、命令：写
int d_addr = 0;
if (ui.comboBox_2->currentText() == "S")
d_addr = addr * 1 + 0x0000;
else if (ui.comboBox_2->currentText() == "X")
d_addr = addr * 2 + 0x0400;
else if (ui.comboBox_2->currentText() == "Y")
d_addr = addr * 1 + 0x0500;
else if (ui.comboBox_2->currentText() == "T")
d_addr = addr * 1 + 0x0600;
else if (ui.comboBox_2->currentText() == "M")
d_addr = addr * 1 + 0x0800;
else if (ui.comboBox_2->currentText() == "C")
d_addr = addr * 1 + 0x0E00;
char d_addr_str[5] = { 0 };
snprintf(d_addr_str, 5, "%04X", d_addr);
for (int i = 0; i
uint8_t buf1[100] = { 0x02, 'E', '7', }; //起始、命令：写
int d_addr = 0;
addr -= 8000;
d_addr = addr * 1 + 0x6000;
char d_addr_str[5] = { 0 };
snprintf(d_addr_str, 5, "%04X", d_addr);
for (int i = 0; i
/* 首地址 */
int addr = ui.spinBox_3->value();
if (addr >= 0 && addr 0x02, FORCE_OFF_CMD, }; //起始、命令：写
int d_addr = 0;
if (ui.comboBox_2->currentText() == "S")
d_addr = addr * 1 + 0x0000;
else if (ui.comboBox_2->currentText() == "X")
d_addr = addr * 2 + 0x0400;
else if (ui.comboBox_2->currentText() == "Y")
d_addr = addr * 1 + 0x0500;
else if (ui.comboBox_2->currentText() == "T")
d_addr = addr * 1 + 0x0600;
else if (ui.comboBox_2->currentText() == "M")
d_addr = addr * 1 + 0x0800;
else if (ui.comboBox_2->currentText() == "C")
d_addr = addr * 1 + 0x0E00;
char d_addr_str[5] = { 0 };
snprintf(d_addr_str, 5, "%04X", d_addr);
for (int i = 0; i
uint8_t buf1[100] = { 0x02, 'E', '8', }; //起始、命令：写
int d_addr = 0;
addr -= 8000;
d_addr = addr * 1 + 0x6000;
char d_addr_str[5] = { 0 };
snprintf(d_addr_str, 5, "%04X", d_addr);
for (int i = 0; i
QApplication a(argc, argv);
PlcConnection w;
w.setWindowTitle("三菱FX3U编程口通信助手");
w.show();
return a.exec();
}
运行结果： 
参考资料：
我还下了网上两个别人的实例，若有需要参考的评论区留下邮箱，我把那两个工程文件发给你。。。  
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