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来自English Grammar Today
We commonly use the verb know with a noun phrase, with a that-clause or with a wh-clause (e.g. who, where, why): Do you know the music shop just by the market square? (+ object) We know that this must be a difficult decision for you. (+ that clause) Do you know where to buy batteries for the watch? (+ wh-clause) We don’t use continuous forms of know: She’s a really good teacher and knows the names of over two hundred of her students. Not: … and is knowing the names of …. We’ve known each other since we were children. Not: We’ve been knowing each other … Know how + infinitiveWe do not commonly use know + to-infinitive. We use know how + to-infinitive: Does he know how to play classical guitar music? Not: Does he know to play … Know + object + infinitiveIn very formal English, we use know + object + to-infinitive: [extract from a reference for a job] I have worked with John Davidson for five years and know him to be reliable and hard-working. Weather experts have never known it to snow as heavily as it has this spring. Know without an objectTo refer to general knowledge, we use know without an object: A:They’re opening a new terminal at Amsterdam airport. B:Yes, I know. (I know that they are opening a new terminal.) We use know + object to refer to what we know from personal experience: A:They’re opening a new terminal at Amsterdam airport. B:Yes, I know it. (I know the one you mean. I have been there and seen the airport.) We also sometimes use know about or know of when we say what we know from general experience (know of is more formal): What do you know about the origins of the American Civil War? Not: What do you know the origins … You knowWe use you know very often in speaking as a discourse marker. We use it to check that the people we are speaking to share the same knowledge as us and understand what we are saying: It’s impossible to find time to go to the gym, you know, every day, isn’t it? See also: You know Discourse markers (so, right, okay) |
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