Traditionally, 2 torch configurations have been used with ICP-OES systems, depending on the instrument configuration. Axially viewed ICP-OES systems typically have a torch that is oriented horizontally and viewed end-on, which offers greater sensitivity. Radially viewed ICP-OES systems typically have a vertical torch, which is viewed from the side. This is often preferred for complicated high matrix samples and volatile organic solvents because the vertical orientation reduces matrix or carbon build up on the torch, enabling longer analysis time, reduced torch cleaning, and longer torch lifetime. Today, dual view ICP-OES systems provide the capability for viewing the plasma in both radial (side-on) and axial (end-on) configurations. In some dual-view systems, the torch is oriented horizontally which compromises torch lifetime, and limits the matrix handling capability. A vertically oriented torch in a dual view instrument ensures uncompromised, robust measurements on tough samples with less cleaning, less downtime, and longer lifetime. Some torches are also semi- or fully demountable, which can reduce operating costs by enabling the outer tube and/or the injector to be removed and replaced separately.

Each torch has different performance characteristics and although a “standard” torch can handle a wide variety of applications, there are also applications that necessitate a specialized torch design. Using the right ICP-OES torch for your application will ensure you achieve the optimum performance and reduce your risk of injector blockage and unplanned downtime. The performance characteristics of common torches are summarized in the table below: