催化发夹组装（CHA）作为一种无酶信号放大策略，具有设计灵活、效率高的优点。结合多种信号输出模式，CHA 可用于多种分析物的生物传感。随着CHA机制的深入研究，提出了一些新颖、优秀的CHA策略。本文系统介绍了CHA的分类、影响因素及其在生物传感中的应用。首先，讨论了不同的CHA，包括单独的CHA、与纳米材料结合的CHA以及与其他放大结合的CHA。其次，给出了引发剂、发夹链和实验条件等CHA影响因素。然后总结了CHA与荧光、比色和电化学检测方法相结合的生物传感器。最后，对CHA在生物传感领域面临的挑战和前景提出了一些看法。我们相信本文将为核酸扩增技术、纳米技术和生物传感的未来发展提供有益的指导。

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As an enzyme-free signal amplification strategy, catalytic hairpin assembly (CHA) presents the advantages of flexible design and high efficiency. Combined with various signal output modes, CHA can be used for the biosensing of multiple analytes. With the in-depth study of CHA mechanism, some novel and excellent CHA strategies are put forward. In this paper, the classification, influencing factors and application of CHA in biosensing are introduced systematically. Firstly, different CHAs, including separate CHA, CHA combined with nanomaterials and CHA combined with other amplifications are discussed. Secondly, CHA influencing factors such as initiator, hairpin chain and experimental conditions are provided. After that, the biosensors combining CHA and fluorescent, colorimetric and electrochemical detection methods are summarized. Finally, some views on the challenges and prospects of CHA in the field of biosensing are highlighted. We believe this paper will provide useful guidance for the future development of nucleic acid amplification technology, nanotechnology and biosensing.