生物成像应用荧光探针的发展与挑战：从可视化到诊断,Topics in Current Chemistry

荧光探针已广泛应用于生物成像，包括生物物质检测、细胞成像、体内生化反应过程跟踪、疾病生物标志物监测等，并逐渐占据不可或缺的地位。与传统的生物成像技术，如正电子发射断层扫描（PET）和核磁共振成像（MRI）相比，荧光探针具有实时成像、深度可视化、对生物样本损伤小等吸引人的优势，使它们越来越受欢迎。其中，紫外-可见（UV-vis）荧光探针由于结构可用、合成简单、通用性强、应用广泛等优点，仍占据荧光探针领域的主流。最近几年，荧光探针已成为生物成像不可或缺的工具，极大地推动了诊断学的发展。在这篇综述中，我们重点介绍了过去 3-5 年基于几种荧光团开发的紫外-可见荧光探针的结构、设计策略、优势、代表性探针和应用领域的最新发现。我们从生物成像和诊断的角度展望荧光探针未来的发展趋势。这种全面的审查可能有助于开发更强大的荧光传感器，以在未来广泛和令人兴奋的应用。近3-5年基于几种荧光团开发的紫外-可见荧光探针的代表性探针和应用领域的最新发现。我们从生物成像和诊断的角度展望荧光探针未来的发展趋势。这种全面的审查可能有助于开发更强大的荧光传感器，以在未来广泛和令人兴奋的应用。近3-5年基于几种荧光团开发的紫外-可见荧光探针的代表性探针和应用领域的最新发现。我们从生物成像和诊断的角度展望荧光探针未来的发展趋势。这种全面的审查可能有助于开发更强大的荧光传感器，以在未来广泛和令人兴奋的应用。

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Fluorescent probes have been used widely in bioimaging, including biological substance detection, cell imaging, in vivo biochemical reaction process tracking, and disease biomarker monitoring, and have gradually occupied an indispensable position. Compared with traditional biological imaging technologies, such as positron emission tomography (PET) and nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), the attractive advantages of fluorescent probes, such as real-time imaging, in-depth visualization, and less damage to biological samples, have made them increasingly popular. Among them, ultraviolet–visible (UV–vis) fluorescent probes still occupy the mainstream in the field of fluorescent probes due to the advantages of available structure, simple synthesis, strong versatility, and wide application. In recent years, fluorescent probes have become an indispensable tool for bioimaging and have greatly promoted the development of diagnostics. In this review, we focus on the structure, design strategies, advantages, representative probes and latest discoveries in application fields of UV–visible fluorescent probes developed in the past 3–5 years based on several fluorophores. We look forward to future development trends of fluorescent probes from the perspective of bioimaging and diagnostics. This comprehensive review may facilitate the development of more powerful fluorescent sensors for broad and exciting applications in the future.