结核性脑膜炎诊断新技术的现状与进展

结核性脑膜炎是由结核分枝杆菌引起的中枢神经系统感染性疾病，其临床表现缺乏特异性，而传统病原学对其诊断效率较低，易导致延误诊断和治疗、影响患者预后，因此早期快速的病原学诊断对结核性脑膜炎的诊治至关重要。文中对近年来出现的可用于诊断结核性脑膜炎的新型检测技术进行综述，主要分为核酸检测方法、代谢组学和蛋白组学3个方面，并在此基础上对未来发展作出展望。

Tuberculous meningitis is a central nervous system infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Its clinical manifestations are nonspecific, and effective pathogenic diagnostic methods are lacking, which often lead to delayed diagnosis and treatment, impacting the prognosis of patients. Therefore, early and rapid etiological diagnosis is crucial for the diagnosis and treatment of tuberculous meningitis. This article provides a review of novel detection technologies developed in recent years that can be used for the diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis, covering nucleic acid detection methods, metabolomics, and proteomics, and offering prospects for future development.