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区别辨析lack、want、absence、shortage与scarcity
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区别辨析lack、want、absence、shortage与scarcity 2021年5月4日 口语与词汇 微信关注：田间小站lack、want、absence、shortage与scarcity这些名词均含“缺乏、不足”之意。 lack : 普通用词，指部分或完全的不足。 Her only problem is a lack of confidence. 她唯一的问题是缺乏自信。 Lack of sleep had made him irritable. 睡眠不足令他烦躁易怒。 If he fails it won't be for/through lack of effort (= he has certainly tried). 他若失败了，那肯定不是因为他努力不够。 We won't be going away this year - lack of funds, I'm afraid. 今年我们恐怕不会去度假了——因为没钱。want : 指完全或短缺某物，侧重缺少之物是必需的东西。使用范围比lack窄些。 For want of anything better to do I watched television for a while. 由于没有什么更好的事情可做，我就看了一会儿电视。 If we fail it won't be for want of trying (= we have tried even if we fail). 即使我们失败了，我们也曾努过力。absence : 指某物根本不存在或完全短缺，或某人虽存在，但未到现场。 A new manager was appointed during/in her absence. 她不在的时候任命了一位新经理。 She has had repeated absences from work this year. 今年她屡次旷工。shortage : 指不足，但侧重达不到规定的，需要的或已知应有的数量。 There's a shortage of food and shelter in the refugee camps. 难民营里缺少足够的食物和住处。 The long hot summer has led to serious water shortages. 这个夏天漫长而炎热，导致严重缺水。scarcity : 指产量不足或缺乏某物难以应付或满足需要。 the scarcity of skilled workers 缺乏熟练工人 词汇辨析
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