扎根教材 提升续写

蓝利霞

讀后续写，要求考生首先阅读一段约350词的语言材料，然后根据该材料内容和所给段落开头语进行续写（150词左右），将其发展成一篇与给定材料有逻辑衔接、情节和结构完整的短文。阅卷时将会考虑：（1）与所给短文及开头语的衔接程度;（2）应用语法结构和词汇的丰富性和准确性;（3）上下文的连贯性。

教材中所选的语言材料，具有规范性和典型性，题材丰富，主题覆盖面广，其中不乏有趣的故事。笔者以人教版必修一Unit 3 Travel Journal为例，说明我们如何利用教材内容，打牢续写基础。

一、妙用教材词汇，提升连贯性

衔接程度和连贯性是评卷的重要依据，我们可以利用教材中每个单元的词汇续写句子和编撰故事能有效地提升续写的衔接程度和连贯性，为读后续写打下扎实的基础。

（一）续写句子

同学之间，一个同学用本单元的单词或短语造一个句子，让另外的同学说出另一句或几句与前面句子逻辑衔接的句子。这样，不仅能进一步熟悉所学词汇，也练习口头表达能力，更能提升衔接连贯能力和想象力。

练习1：以下各句均含有一个本单元的单词，请根据此句续写一句或多句，续写句子与前面句子必须逻辑衔接。

（1）Sara liked keeping a journal and confided（吐露）everything to it.__________________________________________.

（2）Horses were the only means of transport in the past.

____________________________________________________.

（3）Lucy prefers travelling by train.___________________.

（4）Not speaking English might put you at a disadvantage.

____________________________________________________.

（5）She tried to stop the flow of the blood from the wound.

____________________________________________________.

（6）She is always easily persuaded.___________________.

（7）I usually cycled home through the park.____________.

（8）She graduated from Harvard this year.______________.

（9）Over the years， I have grown quite fond of her.

____________________________________________________.

（10）The performance finally started half an hour late.

____________________________________________________.

参考答案

（1）It was so well written that she published it.

（2）But now people have a lot of transports like private cars.

（3）She plans to tour around Europe this Summer.

（4）Especially when you apply for a good job requiring fluent English， you will have no chance.

（5）It was so painful that she couldnt stand it.

（6）So her parents always worry about her.

（7）I can enjoy beautiful scenery of the park.

（8）We all felt proud of her.

（9）We become the best friends and often help each other.

（10）It was a great success.

练习2：下列句中划线词为本单元单词，要特别留意该词在句中的意思、用法和拼写。请根据此句续写一句或多句，续写句子须用到括号中的单词（本单元单词），前后句子须逻辑衔接。

（1）He has been forced to adjust his schedule.___________

___________________________________________（stubborn）

（2）His book has its shortcoming.______________________

___________________________________________（organize）

（3）Yuan Longping doesnt care about being famous.______

_____________________________________________（detail）

（4）She is a remarkably determined politician and can complete many things in one day._______________________________

______________________________________________（pace）

（5）I bent over and kissed her cheek.___________________

____________________________________________（attitude）

（6）He had nothing to do but boil the kettle and make the tea._________________________________________（forecast）

（7）She had a large brown paper parcel under her left arm.

______________________________________________（wool）

（8）Chinese cars are reliable._________________________

______________________________________________（view）

（9）They made friend on the journey.___________________

___________________________________________（midnight）

（10）Flames poured out of the windows of the building.

______________________（cave）

參考答案：

（1）Or his stubborn mother would be angry.

（2）But he corrected it and organized its plot again.

（3）What he cares about is his agricultural research details.

（4）People working for her hardly keep pace with her.

（5）She showed disgusting attitude， making me embarrassed.

（6）He was listening to the weather forecast when drinking the tea.

（7）She unwrapped the parcel and found it was a wool coat.

（8）In my view， it is actually true.

（9）They often chatted at midnight.

（10）The whole building was on fire and was destroyed completely，so they had no place to live in but a cave nearby.

（二）编写故事

我们可以利用单元所学词汇编写故事。在灵活应用单元词汇的基础上，锻练想象力，提升逻辑思维能力，为读后续写做好铺垫。

以下20个单词均为本单元单词，请用这10个单元编写一个故事，并在它们的下面划上横线。

stubborn， shortcoming， organize， care about， detail， determined， pace， bend， attitude， boil， forecast， parcel， wool， reliable， view， journey， midnight， flame， cave

参考范文

Lily is a reliable girl. Her shortcoming is that sometimes she is very stubborn and doesnt care about others feelings. Last year， she determined to organize a hiking with some girls to Tibet. In their view， they could make it as they kept pace with each other and had a good schedule. Every day， they posted some videos about the details of their journey and their attitude. Many people enjoyed watching them. They were specially fond of one video where they bent their head into a cave at midnight. There they picked out the pot from one parcel to boil water， got wool sweaters from another parcel to keep warm， and used some wood to make fire. The flame made them feel safe. Finally， the managed to reach Tibet as they forecast.

二、活用教材故事， 提升续写能力

（一）活用教材，写出美句

因续写在语言表达的风格上也应与原文一致，所以在阅读A NIGHT IN THE MOUNTAINS后，可找出和摘录其中的美句，以了解其语言特色。如：

1. so ... that ... 句型

（1）Our legs were so heavy and cold that they felt like blocks of ice.

（2）... we found it was so cold that our water bottles froze

（3）... we were so high that we found ourselves cycling through clouds.

2. 非谓语动词作后置定语

Along the way children dressed in long wool coats stopped to look at us.

3. 名词性从句

Thats what we looked like.

4. 定語从句

We will reach Dali in Yunnan Province soon， where our cousins Dao Wei and Yu Hang will join us.

5. 句型can hardly wait to do sth

We can hardly wait to see them！

在熟读掌握之后，仿照上述句型，写出自己的精彩句子。如：

1.（1）我们如此的高兴以致我们紧紧地拥抱在一起。

（2）他疼得很厉害以致他躺在地上，眼中含着泪花。

2.（1）我们感觉良好因为我们遇到了一个喜爱帮助他人的善良的陌生人。

（2）幸运地是，一个开车经过的男士停了下来，声称他是一名医生。

3. 那时我们能做的事情就是安慰他。

4. 我们告诉他们有关西藏的美妙故事，在那里我们遇到了很多值得信赖的人，并看了很多美妙的风景。

5. 他们迫不及待地想知道我们旅游的事情，特别是有关西藏的。

参考译文

1.（1）We were so happy that we hugged tightly.

（2）He ached so badly that he lay on the ground with his eyes in tears.

2.（1）We felt good as we met a kind stranger devoted to helping others.

（2）Luckily， a man driving a car stopped， saying that he was a doctor

3. What we could do at that time was to comfort him.

4. We told them the wonderful stories about Tibet， where we met a lot of reliable people and enjoyed beautiful views.

5. They could hardly wait to know the things about our travelling， especially about Tibet.

（二）活用句型，续写美文

人教版必修一Unit 3 Travel Journal的两篇阅读讲到主人公王坤和姐姐王薇骑山地车旅行，沿着云南西部的澜沧江，也就是湄公河作为旅游路线。我们在阅读A NIGHT IN THE MOUNTAINS后，可以根据下面的开头语续写故事。

Paragraph 1：

Wai Kun and I reached Dali and met our cousins in the Kun Ming Station.

Paragraph 2：

Dao Wei and Yu Huang joined us， heading for Kuming， Yunan by bike.

参考范文

Wai Kun and I reached Dali and met our cousins in the Kun Ming Station. We had not met each other for a long time. As a consequence， we were so happy that we hugged tightly. Then， they could hardly wait to know the things about our travelling， especially about Tibet. We told them the wonderful stories about Tibet， where we met a lot of reliable people and enjoyed beautiful views. After staying in their home for a week， we continued to travel by bike.

DaoWei and Yu Huang joined us， heading for Kuming， Yunan by bike. Unfortunately， one day Dao Wei fell down from the bike. He ached so badly that he lay on the ground with eyes in tears. What we could do at that time was to comfort him. Luckily， a man driving a car stopped， saying that he was a doctor. Checking the injured leg carefully， he said Dao Wei shouldnt cycle but rest. Though we couldnt continue our trip， we felt good as we met a kind stranger devoted to helping others.

点评：此篇文章的故事续写引人入胜、曲折动人。它巧妙使用了原文中的优美句型，使故事情节的表达更生动，如戴维从车上摔下来后的细节描写：He ached so badly that he lay on the ground with eyes in tears。故事的结尾亦感人，充满正能量。

总之，读后续写是一个全新的题型，对我们来讲具有一定的挑战性。如果我们能够扎根教材、创造性地使用教材，就能克服这一挑战，快速而有效地提升续写能力，在续写的天空中开创出一片美好的天地。

责任编辑 蒋小青

广东教育·高中2020年9期