英语现在完成时态详解及专项练习

他已得到她的帮助。

②He has just seen the film.

他刚刚看过这场电影。

③He hasn't come back yet.

他还没有回来。

* 以ever和never为标志

①This is the best film I have ever seen.

这是我曾经看过的最好的一部电影。

②He has never been to Beijing.

他从没有到过北京。

* 以动作发生的次数为标志

He says he has been to the USA three times. 他说他已经去过美国三次了。

* 以so far（到目前为止）为标+before

①He has got to Beijing so far.

到目前为止他已到了北京。

②She has passed the exam so far.

到目前为止她已经通过了考试。

* ①for+时段 ②since+过去一个时间点（过去 从句）为标志

注意：

1)现在完成时不能单独与过去的时间状语连用, 如yesterday, last week, three years ago等;

2)不能与when连用

3)现在完成时往往同表示不确定的过去时间状语连用

work---worked---worked ,visit---visited---visited

live---lived---lived ,

study---studied---studied ,cry---cried---cried

stop---stopped---stopped , drop---dropped--dropped

原型 过去式 过去分词

burst burst burst

hurt hurt hurt

let let let

cast cast cast

cost cost cost

cut cut cut

hit hit hit

put put put

set set set

shut shut shut

spread spread spread

read read read read原形发音为/ri:d/,过去式和过去分词发音为/red/

beat beat beaten

ABA型

become became become

run ran run

come came come

特殊情况

bring brought brought

buy bought bought

build built built

burn burnt burnt

catch caught caught

dig dug dug

feel felt felt

fight fought fought

find found found

hear heard heard

hold held held

keep kept kept

lay laid laid

lead led led

lose lost lost

make made made

meet met met

sell sold sold

shoot shot shot

sit sat sat

stand stood stood

sweep swept swept

teach taught taught

tell told told

think thought thought

win won won

ABC型

begin began begun

blow blew blown

break broke broken

choose chose chosen

draw drew drawn

drive drove driven

drink drank drunk

fly flew flown

forgive forgave forgiven

forget forgot forgotten

freeze froze frozen

give gave given

grow grew grown

know knew known

ride rode ridden

rise rose risen

ring rang rung

shake shook shaken

sing sang sung

sink sank sunk

swim swam swum

throw threw thrown

write wrote written

buy----have borrow -----keep

come/arrive/reach/get to-----be in

go out----be out leave ----be away

begin-----be on finish----be over

open----be open close -----be closed

die----be dead

My brother has had(不能用has bought) this bike for almost four years.

I have kept(不能用have borrowed) the book for quite a few days.

How long has your sister been a teacher?

Tom has had a cold since the day before yesterday.

1、be＋married代marry

2、be＋ill代fall (get) ill

3、be＋dead代die

4、be＋asleep代fall (get) asleep

5、be＋awake代wake/wake up

6、be＋gone代lose,die,sell,leave

7、be＋open代open

8、be closed代close/shut

9、be＋missing(gone,lost)代lose

1.“be＋on”代start, begin

2.“be＋up”代get up

3.“be＋back(to)”代return to, come back to, go back to

4.“be here (there)”代come(arrive, reach, get) here或go (arrive, reach, get) there等等

1.“be in/at +地点”代替go to /come to

2.用be in the army 代替join the army

3.“be in/at +地点”代替move to

常用瞬间动词变延续性动词表：

1. have arrived at/in sw. got to/reached sw. come/gone/moved to sw.

→have been in sw./at…相应的介词

2. have come/gone back/returned → have been back

3. have come/gone out →have been out

4. have become → have been

5. have closed / opened→ have been close/open

6. have got up → have been up；

7. have died → have been dead；

8. have left sw. → have been away from sw.

9. have fallen asleep/got to sleep → have been asleep；

10. have finished/ended/completed → have been over；

11. have married → have been married；

12. have started/begun to do sth. → have done sth. ；

13. have begun → have been on

14. have borrowed/bought →have kept/had

15. have lost → haven’t had

16. have put on →have worn

17. have caught /get a cold → have had a cold；

18. have got to know → have known

19. have/has gone to → have been in

20. have joined/have taken part in the league/the Party/the army

→have been a member of/ have been in/have been the Party’s member/the league member/the soldier…

完成下列的句子：

1.你已经找到你的书了吗? (find-found)

2. 他们在这个城市建了许多房子. (build-built)

3. Judy还没到达. (arrive-arrived)

4. 你吃过早饭了吗? (have-had)

5. 她刚刚离开. (leave-left)

例如: I have just cleaned my clothes. 我刚洗过衣服。

（“洗衣服”是发生在过去的动作，对现在造成的结果是“衣服干净了”）

I have just had my breakfast. (对现在的影响：不饿)

Has he had his breakfast?

Yes, he has.

When did he have his breakfast?

He had breakfast at 6:00.

Tom has already finished his homework.

Tom hasn’t finished his homework yet.

2.I have just had my lunch. 3.She hasn’t seen you before.

4.Have you ever eaten fish? I have never eaten fish

① I have never heard of that before.

② Have you ever ridden a horse?

③ She has already finished the work.

④ Have you milked the cow yet? Yes, I have done that already.

⑤ I’ve just finished my homework. ⑥ He has not come yet.

①already (已经): 用于肯定句

I have already posted the letter .

②yet(已经): 用于否定句,疑问句

He hasn’t done his homework yet.

③just(刚刚)

They have just left.

④ever(曾经)

Have you ever been to Beijing ?

⑤never(从不)

I have never seen him .

⑥before(以前)

Have you seen the film before?

⑦since(自从…以来)

I’ve worked in the school since 1999.

⑧for(长达) He’s lived in Shenzhen for 6 years.

⑨in the past several days / weeks/ years(在过去的…)

⑨recently(最近) I have not written to my parents recently.

⑩so far(到目前为止) So far she has learned 5 English songs.

⑩up to now(到目前为止)

this morning/month/year(今天早上/这个月/今年）

练习：把下列各句译成英语。

1.你已经问过这个问题两边了，别再烦我了。

2我能借你的字典用一下吗？对不起，已经借给Tom了。

3 你以前见过她吗？不，从来没有过。

4 你曾经去过北京吗？是的我去过那儿三次。

5 你已经看完那本小说了吗？是的，我已经把它还给图书馆了。

A. 动词使用延续性动词。

B .和表时间段的时间状语连用。

常与for或since引导的时间连用so far, up to/till now, in the last/past+一段时间，all one’s life, by now, these days, these days、for two years、since 1984、since he came here

I haven’t seen her these days.

She has learnt English for 3 years/since 3 years ago.

They have lived here since 1990.

What has happened to the USA in the last 350 years?

1)since+时间点 He has stayed here since 5 o’clock.

2)since+ 时间段+ ago He has stayed here since 5 hours ago.

3)since+从句She has taught English since he came here.

for

for+ 时间段 He has kept the book for 2 weeks.

Mr. Brown has had his TV ________ 15 years.

2.Ive taken driving lessons _________ last month.

3. My sister has had her cell phone ________ a month .

4. My friends havent visited me ___________ my birthday.

5.We havent used our car ________ a long time .

6.She hasnt had a good cup of coffee _________ years.

Tom has worn glasses _________ he was 7 years old.

(1)since＋一段时间＋ago＝for＋时间段;

since two weeks ago=for two weeks;

I have kept the library book for a week.=

I have kept the library book since a week ago.

(2)since + 时间点＝for＋时间段

since 2000=for 15 years

(3) since+从句(常用一般过去时)

The Greens have lived in Beijing since they moved to Beijing from Paris

(4)It is /has been +一段时间 + since 从句.自从某事发生已有一段时间了. It is /has been two years since my brother joined the army.

1. Jill has been in Ireland________Monday.

2. Jill has been in Ireland__________three days.

3. My aunt has lived in Australia_______15 days.

4. Margaret is in her office. She has been there_____7 o'clock.

5. India has been an independent country________1974.

6. The bus is late. We've been waiting________20 minutes.

7. Nobody lives in those houses. They have been empty many years.

8. Mike has been ill________a long time. He has been in hospital ________October

9. Its ten years ______ we met each other last time.

10. He has taught English _______ 25 years.

11. The Greens have lived on the farm ______ 1990.

12. They have been practicing the guitar _____ two hours.

13.－How long have you been a reporter? －_____ 8 years ago.

14. I haven’t gone for a walk in the park _____ a long time.

15. He’s been collecting stamps ____ he was in primary school.

16. Peter has been to summer camp _____ 3 times.

1.他入党五年了。

——He joined the Party five years ago .

——He has been in the Party for five years.

——He has been a Party member for five years.

——it is five years since he joined the Party

2.电影开始五分钟了。

—— The film began five minutes ago.

——The film has been on for five minutes.

——It is five minutes since the film began

die --- be dead,

finish/end --- be over ,

return--- be back, come--- be here,

go--- be off,

marry (sb/get married to sb)— be married (to sb)

open/close--- be open/be closed,

fall ill/ fallasleep/get to sleep--- be ill/ be asleep ,

start/begin--- be on

leave--- be away from

join--- be in/be a memember of

buy---have borrow--- keep/have get/begin to延续性v. become--- in

put on--- wear catch/get a cold --- have a cold, get to know---- know

同义句转换：

1.His father died 2 years ago.

2.The football match began at 9:00a.m.

3.The twins joined the army when they were 18 years old.

4.My teacher left Nanjing 3 days ago.

汉译英：

他的爷爷已经去世2年了。

Nick 参军3年了.

3.他离开深圳好长时间了。

4.这本书我已借了4个月了.

It is + 时间段 since +一般过去时的句子.It is 2 years since his grandpa died.

模仿写出以上剩下的三个句子：

完成下列的句子：

1.The English professor arrived here about a week ago.

The English professor ____ _____ here for about a week .

2.Her husband started to work on the farm three hours ago .

Her husband _____ _____ on the farm for three hours .

3.The French musician came to China last month , and he is still here .

The French musician _____ _____ ____ China for a month .

4.He joined the army in 1985 .

He _____ _____ ____ the army ____ 1985 .

5.He joined the League half a year ago .

He has been a League ______ ______ half a year .返回搜狐，查看更多