6063铝合金薄壁多型腔复杂断面分流孔挤压模具优化及型材性能分析,Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering

在复杂型材的分流道挤压中，模具结构对型材的成形性能起着重要作用。在这项研究中，以速度标准差（SDV）作为评价标准，对复杂截面轮廓的分流孔挤压模具进行了数值模拟优化。优化涉及引入伪心轴、调整第二步焊接室的形状以及修改轴承高度。通过分流孔挤压实验验证了优化后模具结构的合理性，并研究了型材不同位置的显微组织和力学性能。结果表明，优化后的模具有效控制了金属流速。从实验中获得的实际轮廓表现出改善的表面质量并避免了变形和尺寸误差等缺陷。型材不同位置晶粒尺寸均匀，力学性能相当。该配置文件满足性能要求。该研究为型材的实际生产提供了指导。

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In the porthole extrusion of complex profiles, the die structure plays a significant role in the formability of the profile. In this study, numerical simulation was conducted to optimize the porthole extrusion die for a complex cross-sectional profile, with the standard deviation of velocity (SDV) as the evaluation criterion. The optimization involved the introduction of pseudo-mandrels, adjustments to the shape of the 2nd-step welding chamber, and modification of the bearing height. The rationality of the optimized die structure was verified through porthole extrusion experiments, and the microstructure and mechanical properties of the profile at different locations were investigated. The results show that the optimized die effectively controlled the metal flow velocity. The actual profiles obtained from the experiments exhibited improved surface quality and avoided defects such as distortion and dimensional errors. The grain size is uniform at different positions of the profile, and the mechanical properties are comparable. The profile meets the performance requirements. This research provides guidance for the practical production of the profiles.