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OpenStack(T版)
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文章目录
OpenStack(T版)——块存储(Cinder)服务介绍与安装安装和配置(controller)准备(1)创建数据库(2)加载admin user的环境变量(3)创建Identity服务凭据(4)创建Cinder 块存储服务组件的API endpoint
安装和配置Cinder块存储服务组件(1)安装软件包(2)编辑/etc/cinder/cinder.conf 文件，完成下面的操作(3)将Cinder块存储服务信息同步到Cinder数据库中(4)配置nova文件
完成安装
安装和配置(compute)准备(1)安装软件包(2)启动LVM元数据服务并设置开机自启(3)创建LVM物理卷/dev/sdb(4)配置LVM文件
安装和配置Cinder块存储服务组件(1)安装软件包(2)配置文件
完成安装
验证Cinder服务的基本使用创建块存储查看块存储挂载云硬盘
OpenStack(T版)——块存储(Cinder)服务介绍与安装
OpenStack 块存储（Cinder）是一个用于提供持久性存储的组件，它允许用户创建和管理虚拟机实例所需的块级存储卷。 想象一下，你有一个计算机硬盘，用于存储文件和数据。OpenStack 块存储就像是为虚拟机提供了一个硬盘，供它们存储数据。 使用块存储，你可以创建一个虚拟机需要的存储卷，然后将其附加到虚拟机实例上。这个存储卷就像是一个空白的硬盘，虚拟机可以在上面存储文件、操作系统和其他数据。 块存储的好处是它具有持久性，意味着存储卷中的数据不会随着虚拟机的关闭而丢失。当虚拟机重新启动时，它可以重新连接到之前附加的存储卷，并继续访问其中的数据。 另外，OpenStack 块存储还支持一些高级功能，例如创建快照（Snapshot）来备份存储卷的数据或创建卷的副本（Volume Replication）以提供冗余和容错能力。 OpenStack 块存储是一个为虚拟机提供持久性存储的组件，类似于为虚拟机提供了一个硬盘。它允许用户创建、管理和附加存储卷，以供虚拟机存储数据和操作系统。 安装和配置(controller)官方文档 准备在安装和配置Cinder块存储服务组件之前，首先创建数据库、服务证书和APIendpoint。 (1)创建数据库①在操作系统终端连接数据库 [root@controller ~]# mysql -uroot -p000000②创建cinder数据库 MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE cinder;③Cinder数据库的访问权限设置 MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON cinder.* TO 'cinder'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '000000';④退出数据库 (2)加载admin user的环境变量 [root@controller ~]# source admin-openrc.sh (3)创建Identity服务凭据①创建cinder用户 [root@controller ~]# openstack user create --domain default --password-prompt cinder User Password: Repeat User Password: +---------------------+----------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +---------------------+----------------------------------+ | domain_id | default | | enabled | True | | id | cdd102aa997d4bf3bba8d6902caebd7d | | name | cinder | | options | {} | | password_expires_at | None | +---------------------+----------------------------------+②admin role 赋予 Cinder 用户和 service project [root@controller ~]# openstack role add --project service --user cinder admin③创建Cinder 和 Cinder v2 service entity [root@controller ~]# openstack service create --name cinderv2 --description "OpenStack Block Storage" volumev2 +-------------+----------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +-------------+----------------------------------+ | description | OpenStack Block Storage | | enabled | True | | id | 95bfea28c48f4780b33f6dfd0c9c2284 | | name | cinderv2 | | type | volumev2 | +-------------+----------------------------------+ [root@controller ~]# openstack service create --name cinderv3 --description "OpenStack Block Storage" volumev3 +-------------+----------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +-------------+----------------------------------+ | description | OpenStack Block Storage | | enabled | True | | id | d554116b699a41a19834a19e75fb4bfc | | name | cinderv3 | | type | volumev3 | +-------------+----------------------------------+ (4)创建Cinder 块存储服务组件的API endpoint [root@controller ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne volumev2 public http://controller:8776/v2/%\(project_id\)s +--------------+------------------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +--------------+------------------------------------------+ | enabled | True | | id | a2db581e11224f47a43641959ba23989 | | interface | public | | region | RegionOne | | region_id | RegionOne | | service_id | 95bfea28c48f4780b33f6dfd0c9c2284 | | service_name | cinderv2 | | service_type | volumev2 | | url | http://controller:8776/v2/%(project_id)s | +--------------+------------------------------------------+ [root@controller ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne volumev2 internal http://controller:8776/v2/%\(project_id\)s +--------------+------------------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +--------------+------------------------------------------+ | enabled | True | | id | 2f93a7d5aaca4310a1abcd1b6925a920 | | interface | internal | | region | RegionOne | | region_id | RegionOne | | service_id | 95bfea28c48f4780b33f6dfd0c9c2284 | | service_name | cinderv2 | | service_type | volumev2 | | url | http://controller:8776/v2/%(project_id)s | +--------------+------------------------------------------+ [root@controller ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne volumev2 admin http://controller:8776/v2/%\(project_id\)s +--------------+------------------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +--------------+------------------------------------------+ | enabled | True | | id | 86d6d9a9afda4e8eba86883f7208cb89 | | interface | admin | | region | RegionOne | | region_id | RegionOne | | service_id | 95bfea28c48f4780b33f6dfd0c9c2284 | | service_name | cinderv2 | | service_type | volumev2 | | url | http://controller:8776/v2/%(project_id)s | +--------------+------------------------------------------+ [root@controller ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne volumev3 public http://controller:8776/v3/%\(project_id\)s +--------------+------------------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +--------------+------------------------------------------+ | enabled | True | | id | 905fe2ac7f8842a8955a813d5ef1c28b | | interface | public | | region | RegionOne | | region_id | RegionOne | | service_id | d554116b699a41a19834a19e75fb4bfc | | service_name | cinderv3 | | service_type | volumev3 | | url | http://controller:8776/v3/%(project_id)s | +--------------+------------------------------------------+ [root@controller ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne volumev3 internal http://controller:8776/v3/%\(project_id\)s +--------------+------------------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +--------------+------------------------------------------+ | enabled | True | | id | f2342b5ab4ce401598068630b1b56eb8 | | interface | internal | | region | RegionOne | | region_id | RegionOne | | service_id | d554116b699a41a19834a19e75fb4bfc | | service_name | cinderv3 | | service_type | volumev3 | | url | http://controller:8776/v3/%(project_id)s | +--------------+------------------------------------------+ [root@controller ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne volumev3 admin http://controller:8776/v3/%\(project_id\)s +--------------+------------------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +--------------+------------------------------------------+ | enabled | True | | id | 24734a6eec464c029f0d7da0d74a1045 | | interface | admin | | region | RegionOne | | region_id | RegionOne | | service_id | d554116b699a41a19834a19e75fb4bfc | | service_name | cinderv3 | | service_type | volumev3 | | url | http://controller:8776/v3/%(project_id)s | +--------------+------------------------------------------+ 安装和配置Cinder块存储服务组件 (1)安装软件包 [root@controller ~]# yum install -y openstack-cinder (2)编辑/etc/cinder/cinder.conf 文件，完成下面的操作①在[database]部分中，配置数据库访问 [root@controller ~]# vim /etc/cinder/cinder.conf [database] connection = mysql+pymysql://cinder:000000@controller/cinder②在[DEFAULT]部分中，配置RabbitMQ 消息队列访问 [DEFAULT] transport_url = rabbit://openstack:000000@controller③在[DEFAULT]和[keystone_authtoken]部分中，配置身份服务访问 [DEFAULT] auth_strategy = keystone [keystone_authtoken] www_authenticate_uri = http://controller:5000 auth_url = http://controller:5000 memcached_servers = controller:11211 auth_type = password project_domain_name = default user_domain_name = default project_name = service username = cinder password = 000000⑤在[DEFAULT]部分中，配置选项my_ip以使用控制器节点的管理接口 IP 地址 [DEFAULT] my_ip = 192.168.200.10⑥在[oslo_concurrency]部分中，配置锁定路径 [oslo_concurrency] lock_path = /var/lib/cinder/tmp (3)将Cinder块存储服务信息同步到Cinder数据库中 [root@controller ~]# su -s /bin/sh -c "cinder-manage db sync" cinder # 返回信息不要管 Deprecated: Option "logdir" from group "DEFAULT" is deprecated. Use option "log-dir" from group "DEFAULT". (4)配置nova文件 [root@controller ~]# vim /etc/nova/nova.conf [cinder] os_region_name = RegionOne 完成安装①重启nova服务 [root@controller ~]# systemctl restart openstack-nova-api.service②启动Cinder块存储服务组件并设置开机自启 [root@controller ~]# systemctl start openstack-cinder-api.service openstack-cinder-scheduler.service && systemctl enable openstack-cinder-api.service openstack-cinder-scheduler.service 安装和配置(compute) 准备在安装Cinder块存储服务组件之前，需要首先确定使用的块存储设备。 [root@compute ~]# lsblk NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT sda 8:0 0 100G 0 disk ├─sda1 8:1 0 1G 0 part /boot └─sda2 8:2 0 99G 0 part ├─centos-root 253:0 0 50G 0 lvm / ├─centos-swap 253:1 0 7.9G 0 lvm [SWAP] └─centos-home 253:2 0 41.1G 0 lvm /home sdb 8:16 0 20G 0 disk # 这个就是我们添加的硬盘 sr0 11:0 1 4.4G 0 rom (1)安装软件包 [root@compute ~]# yum install -y lvm2 device-mapper-persistent-data (2)启动LVM元数据服务并设置开机自启 [root@compute ~]# systemctl start lvm2-lvmetad.service && systemctl enable lvm2-lvmetad.service (3)创建LVM物理卷/dev/sdb [root@compute ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdb Physical volume "/dev/sdb" successfully created. [root@compute ~]# vgcreate cinder-volumes /dev/sdb Volume group "cinder-volumes" successfully created (4)配置LVM文件 [root@compute ~]# vim /etc/lvm/lvm.conf devices { filter = [ "a/sdb/", "r/.*/"] # 根据这个配置，只有 "/dev/sdb" 会被作为可用设备，并被 LVM 管理器使用 # 其他设备将被排除在外 安装和配置Cinder块存储服务组件 (1)安装软件包 [root@compute ~]# yum install -y openstack-cinder targetcli python-keystone (2)配置文件编辑/etc/cinder/cinder.conf文件并完成以下操作 ①在[database]部分中，配置数据库访问 [root@compute ~]# vim /etc/cinder/cinder.conf [database] connection = mysql+pymysql://cinder:000000@controller/cinder②在[DEFAULT]部分中，配置RabbitMQ 消息队列访问 [DEFAULT] transport_url = rabbit://openstack:000000@controller③在[DEFAULT]和[keystone_authtoken]部分中，配置身份服务访问 [DEFAULT] auth_strategy = keystone [keystone_authtoken] www_authenticate_uri = http://controller:5000 auth_url = http://controller:5000 memcached_servers = controller:11211 auth_type = password project_domain_name = default user_domain_name = default project_name = service username = cinder password = 000000④在[DEFAULT]部分中，配置my_ip选项 my_ip = 192.168.200.20⑤在[lvm]节中添加 [lvm] volume_driver = cinder.volume.drivers.lvm.LVMVolumeDriver volume_group = cinder-volumes target_protocol = iscsi target_helper = lioadm⑥在[DEFAULT]部分中，启用 LVM 后端 [DEFAULT] enabled_backends = lvm⑦在[DEFAULT]部分中，配置图像服务 API 的位置 [DEFAULT] glance_api_servers = http://controller:9292⑧在[oslo_concurrency]部分中，配置锁定路径 [oslo_concurrency] lock_path = /var/lib/cinder/tmp 完成安装启动块存储卷服务并设置开机自启 [root@compute ~]# systemctl start openstack-cinder-volume.service target.service && systemctl enable openstack-cinder-volume.service target.service # 自行查看log文件 如果有error就是有错误 验证列出Cinder 块存储服务组件，看进程是否成功启动 [root@controller ~]# source admin-openrc.sh [root@controller ~]# openstack volume service list +------------------+-------------+------+---------+-------+----------------------------+ | Binary | Host | Zone | Status | State | Updated At | +------------------+-------------+------+---------+-------+----------------------------+ | cinder-scheduler | controller | nova | enabled | up | 2023-06-29T08:27:06.000000 | | cinder-volume | compute@lvm | nova | enabled | up | 2023-06-29T08:27:09.000000 | +------------------+-------------+------+---------+-------+----------------------------+ Cinder服务的基本使用 创建块存储通过命令创建块存储，大小为2G，名称为 volume [root@controller ~]# openstack volume create --size 2 volume +---------------------+--------------------------------------+ | Field | Value | +---------------------+--------------------------------------+ | attachments | [] | | availability_zone | nova | | bootable | false | | consistencygroup_id | None | | created_at | 2023-06-29T09:58:16.000000 | | description | None | | encrypted | False | | id | 51b8b246-14b0-4b1e-866f-d4fb17c1f4c6 | | migration_status | None | | multiattach | False | | name | volume | | properties | | | replication_status | None | | size | 2 | | snapshot_id | None | | source_volid | None | | status | creating | | type | __DEFAULT__ | | updated_at | None | | user_id | fef5f8c16d3d4b9d849bc1488bf50a21 | +---------------------+--------------------------------------+ 查看块存储 [root@controller ~]# openstack volume list +--------------------------------------+--------+----------+------+-------------+ | ID | Name | Status | Size | Attached to | +--------------------------------------+--------+----------+------+-------------+ | 51b8b246-14b0-4b1e-866f-d4fb17c1f4c6 | volume | reserved | 2 | | +--------------------------------------+--------+----------+------+-------------+ 挂载云硬盘必须事先创建好云主机才能挂载云硬盘 使用命令将刚刚创建的 volume 块存储添加至云主机 csq上 [root@controller ~]# openstack server add volume csq volume使用命令查看块存储列表信息 [root@controller ~]# openstack volume list +--------------------------------------+--------+--------+------+------------------------------+ | ID | Name | Status | Size | Attached to | +--------------------------------------+--------+--------+------+------------------------------+ | 51b8b246-14b0-4b1e-866f-d4fb17c1f4c6 | volume | in-use | 2 | Attached to csq on /dev/vdb | +--------------------------------------+--------+--------+------+------------------------------+
还有相关扩展卷的操作可以参考这篇博客：glance,nova,cinder,swift服务基本使用 |
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